* * * * * 4．due to因為，由于；預定；預期；應歸于；應支付 ①[教材P30原句]　I think I would be a good journalist due to my language skills. 我認為由于我的語言技能我將會是一個好記者。 ②Perhaps, but maybe it's also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets.(摘自2011浙江高考·閱讀理解A) 可能這也是因為街道上缺少警察。 be due to do sth.　 預期，預定要做某事 be due to sb.

　　應支付/應歸于某人 be due for sth.

　　應得到某物 ③The meeting

　　until three. 會議預定要到3點鐘才開始。 ④We‘ll

　　a pay rise soon. 不久就該給我們加工資了。 [關鍵一點]　due to構成的介詞短語表示原因時，通常在句中作狀語或表語，不放于句首，同義短語有owing to, thanks to, because of, as a result of, on account of等。 Isn’t due

　　to start due for 答案： ①You'd better take an umbrella with you in case of rain. ②You'd better take an umbrella with you in case it rains. Ⅰ.一句多譯 1．你最好帶上雨傘以防下雨。 ①________________________________________ ②________________________________________ 2．事故的發生是由于他的不慎駕駛。 ①_____________________________________________ ②______________________________________________ ③_____________________________________________ 答案： ①The accident was due to his careless driving. ②Owing to/Because of/On account of his careless driving, the accident happened. ③The accident resulted from his careless driving. Ⅱ.單項填空 1．Without my glasses, I couldn't ________ whether that

　　figure on the blackboard was a three or an eight. A．make outB．make up C．make for

　　D．make off 解析：make out“勉強認出，勉強分辨出”，符合句意。make up“編造；組成”；make for“走向，有利于”；make off“匆忙離開”。 答案： A

　　2．Jenny worked hard before the final examination, and it

　　________. She got an A. A．showed off

　　B．paid off C．put off

　　D．took off 解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：珍妮期末考試前非 常用功，她的努力獲得了成功。她得了A。show off “炫耀”；pay off“取得成功，奏效”；put off“拖延”；take off“脫掉，起飛”。 答案： B 3．I haven't got a job at the moment, but I'm sure that

　　something will ________. A．turn in

　　B．turn over C．turn up

　　D．turn down 解析：考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我現在還沒有工作，但我確信會有機會找到的。turn up表示“(機會或情況)突然出現，不期而至”，符合句意。turn in“上交，交還”；turn over“翻轉，移交”；turn down“關小，拒絕”。 答案： C 4．Until recently, tourists from abroad were allowed to

　　tour the Big Ben in London, but ________ increasing security problems they have now been banned. A．in spite of

　　B．in return for C．in the name of

　　D．due to 解析：考查介詞短語辨析。句意：因為不斷增多的安全問題，外國游客不再被允許參觀英國的“大本鐘”，用due to表示“因為，由于”。 答案： D 1．

　　she stopped asking questions, I got up and

　　went out of the room. 她一停止問問題，我就起身走出了房間。 the instant為從屬連詞，引導時間狀語從句，意思是“一……就……”。 ①She began to cry the instant she read the letter. 她一讀信就開始哭了。 The instant

　　“一……就”的表達方式還有： (1)the moment/minute/second ... (2)instantly/immediately/directly ...

　　(4)on/upon＋v.-ing/n.

　　②I sent you the news the moment (that) I heard it. 我一聽到此消息，便通知你了。 ③He recognized her

　　he caught a glimpse of her. 他一看見她就認出她了。 ④

　　had the game started

　　it began to rain heavily. 運動會剛開始，天就下起了大雨。 ⑤On/Upon arriving in London, I called my parents. 一到倫敦，我就給父母打了電話。 instantly No sooner than 2．

　　, it will be with music. 我無論干什么，都與音樂有關。 (1)whatever“無論什么，不管什么”，在句中引導讓步狀 語從句，可與no matter what進行互換。另外，它還可以引導名詞性從句，相當于anything that。 ①Whatever I suggest, he always disagrees. 無論我提什么建議，他總是不同意。 Whatever I do ②I'll post that letter whatever Wilson says. ＝ I'll post that letter

　　Wilson says. 不管威爾遜講什么，我都要寄出那封信。 ③With so many years of experience, the festival has become a well-oiled machine, and does whatever it can to make attendees feel as comfortable as possible.(摘自2011福建高考·閱讀理解B) 經過了那么多年，這個節日已成為了一臺運轉良好的機器并且做一切事情讓與會者盡可能感到舒適。 no matter what (2)whenever, wherever, whoever, however等都可用作連詞， 引導讓步狀語從句，通常意為“不管……，無論……”。 ④Whenever (it is) possible, he always tries to help.

　　不管什么時候，只要有可能，他總是設法幫忙。 (3)no matter when/where/how ...也可用來引導讓步狀語從 句，可與whenever/wherever/however ...等互換。 ⑤

　　/Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished. 無論誰違反法律，都應該受到懲罰。 No matter who Ⅰ.一句多譯 1．我剛到公共汽車站，汽車就開了。 ①_____________________________________________ ②______________________________________________ ③______________________________________________ ④______________________________________________ 答案： ①The instant I got to the bus stop, the bus started. ②As soon as I got to the bus stop, the bus started. ③Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started. ④No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started. Ⅱ.單項填空 2．I am very grateful to my first teacher for his advice

　　that ________ difficulty you meet with, confidence is a must. A．what

　　B．whether C．whichever

　　D．whatever 解析：考查狀語從句。首先，advice后面接的是同位語從句，連接詞that只起連接作用，無含義。在該同位語從句內部，whatever引導讓步狀語從句。語境：無論你遇到什么樣的困難，自信是必不可少的。 答案： D 3．Actually girls can be ________ they want to be just like

　　boys, whether it is an astronaut, a general manager or a president. A．wherever

　　B．whoever C．whatever

　　D．however 解析：考查表語從句。語意：女孩可以和男孩一樣，想干什么都行，不管是宇航員、總經理還是總統。whatever引導表語從句，且在從句中作表語。 答案： C 4．The headmaster has promised us that we shall get

　　informed ________ the results of the exam come out. A．in case

　　B．every time C．ever since

　　D．the minute 解析：考查連詞用法。句意：校長向我們承諾，考試結果一出來就通知我們。此處the minute相當于連詞，意思是“一……就……”。 答案： D 間接引語 Ⅰ.把下列句子變成間接引語 1．I asked Tom, “How long have you been employed at this

　　job？”

　　. I asked Tom how long he had been employed at that job 2．The teacher said to me, “Is this the reason Tom

　　explained at the meeting for his carelessness？”

　　. The teacher asked me if that was the reason Tom had explained at the meeting for his carelessness 3．The doctor said to us, “Give blood if you can and many

　　lives will be saved.”

　　. The doctor told/asked us to give blood if we could and many lives would be saved 4．Tom said to Mary, “Don't leave your keys on the table.”

　　. 5．My friend said to me, “I saw Bob play the piano at

　　John's party last Friday.”

　　. Tom asked Mary not to leave her keys on the table My friend told me he had seen Bob play the piano at John's party the Friday before Ⅱ.單項填空 1．—He said, “What's the matter？” —He asked

　　. A．what the matter is

　　B．what the matter was C．what is the matter

　　D．what was the matter 解析： what's the matter是一個陳述句語序的句子，在變成間接引語時，語序不變，只改變時態。 答案： D 2．After the examination，my teacher told me that

　　failure

　　the mother of success. A．wasB．is C．be

　　D．been 解析：表示“真理，事實”的直接引語變為間接引語時，時態不變。 答案： B 3．—What did her brother say to her? —He

　　her

　　weight to stay fit. A．suggested; to lose

　　B．offered; to lose C．advised; to lose

　　D．advised; lose 解析：祈使句的間接引語可以用advise sb. to do sth.或suggest sb. doing sth.或offer to do sth.；故只有C項符合。 答案： C 4．Do you happen to know

　　？ A．where is her address B．in which place is her address C．what her address is D．the place her address is 解析：分析句子結構可知，空格中填入部分為賓語從句，從句須用陳述句語氣；問某人的地址應該用what，故正確答案為C。 答案：C 5．The child asked his mother

　　go out to play

　　tennis. A．that he could

　　B．if he could C．if could he

　　D．that could he 解析：直接引語若為一般疑問句，變為間接引語時，常用if或whether來引導，且從句中用陳述句語序。 答案：B 6．On the phone, Jane told me she

　　away on

　　holiday for the next two days. A．had been

　　B．will be C．would have been

　　D．would be 解析：考查時態的呼應。句意：在電話里，Jane告訴我她在隨后的兩天要去度假。本空所在從句是直接引語的轉換，受主句時態的影響，賓語從句用過去將來時。 答案： D * * 6．hesitate vi.猶豫，躊躇 (1)hesitate about/over sth.　

　　(對某事)猶豫，遲疑不決 hesitate to do sth.

　　對做某事有顧慮 (2)hesitation n.

　　躊躇，猶豫 have no hesitation in doing ...

　　毫不猶豫地做…… without hesitation

　　毫不遲疑地 ①[教材P27原句]　She hesitated and then told me that the year before she had broken her wrist and that the previous month she had twisted her ankle. 她猶豫了一下，然后告訴我去年她摔斷了手腕，上個月她扭傷了腳踝。 ②I

　　taking his side until I knew the whole story. 我在完全了解事實真相后，才打消顧慮，支持他的立場。 hesitated about ③Don't hesitate to ask me if you have any questions. 如果你有問題，盡管來問我。 ④He jumped into the water to save the drowning girl

　　. 他毫不猶豫地跳下水去救這個溺水的女孩。 without hesitation 7．decrease v．減少，降低n.減少，減少的量 (1)decrease in ...　在……方面)降低/減少 decrease to ...

　　減少到…… decrease by ...

　　減少了…… (2)on the decrease

　　在減少 ①[教材P28原句]　Jobs in farming，coal mining and heavy industry are decreasing rapidly. 農業、煤礦業和重工業的職位迅速減少。 ②The club's members

　　two hundred. 該俱樂部會員減少到了200人。 decreased to ③Average house prices decreased by 13% last year. 去年的平均房價下降了13%。 ④The population in some western countries is

　　. 一些西方國家的人口在下降。 on the de-crease 8．respond vi.回復，回答；響應，作出反應 (1)respond to ...　對……回答，對……有反應 respond to sth. with sth./by doing sth.

　　用……對……作出反應 (2)response n.

　　回答，反應 in response to

　　作為對……的回應，回答 give/make no response to ...　對……不予回答 ①[教材P28原句]　Many more people will work for small，dynamic companies which can respond quickly to changes in the market. 很多人將在那些充滿活力的小公司里工作，因為這些公司能夠對市場的變化迅速地做出反應。 ②He

　　my suggestion

　　a laugh/by laughing. 他對我的建議報以一笑。 responded to with ③The law was passed

　　public pressure. 在公眾壓力下該法規獲得通過。 ④He made no response to my suggestion. 他對我的建議未做出回應。 in response to 答案： commitment; committed Ⅰ.語境填詞 1．Mr. Li made a ________that he was ________ to

　　helping the poor. (commit) 2．________ by green hills and blue waters, the little

　　village has pleasant ________. So you can see many rare birds in the ________ areas.(surrounding) 答案： Surrounded; surroundings; surrounding 3．At first he ________ to do it, but shortly after he agreed

　　without a moment's ________.(hesitate) 答案： hesitated; hesitation 4．The Great Wall that came into ________ over 2,000

　　years ago still ________ today. (exist) 答案： existence; exists 5．At first, he made no ________ to their words.

　　However, he ________ to them by shouting at them to shut up finally.(respond) 答案： response; responded Ⅱ.單項填空 1．We complained to the travel agency about the horrible

　　service during our trip, but no one has ________ by now. A．respondedB．deserved C．recovered

　　D．survived 解析：句意：我們向旅行社投訴旅行途中糟糕的服務，但是到現在還沒有人對此作出回應。respond“答復，響應”；deserve“值得”；recover“康復，痊愈”；survive“存活下來，幸存”。 答案： A 2．When you keep your promises, no matter how much

　　effort it takes, you will be ________. A．calculated

　　B．confirmed C．rewarded

　　D．evaluated 解析：考查動詞辨析。句意：當你信守承諾時，不管你付出多大的努力，你都會得到回報。reward意思是“酬謝，獎賞，報答”，符合題意。calculate“計算，預測”；confirm“確認”；evaluate“評價”。 答案： C 3．You'd better ________ your friend about your problem. A．adopt

　　B．consult C．digest

　　D．advise 解析：句意：關于你的問題你最好去咨詢你的朋友。consult sb. about/over sth.“向某人請教/咨詢某事”；adopt“采用，收養”；digest“消化，吸收”；advise“建 議”。 答案：B

　　4．The number of the workers of the company has

　　decreased________500________1,200 because of the global financial crisis. A．to; to

　　B．by; by C．to; in

　　D．by; to 解析：句意：由于全球金融危機，這家公司的員工人數減少了500人，只剩1200人。decrease by“減少了”；decrease to“減少到”。 答案：D 5．Two and a half years later, he ________ suicide. A．conducted

　　B．sweated C．stooped

　　D．committed 解析：考查動詞辨析。conduct“進行(調查/實驗)，指揮，引導”；sweat“流汗”；stoop“俯身，彎腰”；commit suicide“自殺”。句意：兩年半以后，他自殺了。D項符合語境。 答案： D 6．He is a talkative man, but he didn't say a word in

　　today's discussion. I am not sure how to ________ his

　　silence.

　　A．treat

　　B．master

　　C．grasp

　　D．read 解析：考查動詞辨析。句意：他是一個健談的人，但是在今天的談論中他沒說一句話，我不知道怎樣解釋他的沉默。treat“醫治，對待”； master“精通，掌握”；grasp“抓住，領會”；read“解釋，解開(謎團等)”。D項符合語境。 答案： D 7．—How much did the guy ________ you to fix your 3G

　　mobile phone? —I don't remember, but it was quite a lot. A．cost

　　B．spend C．charge