下面是一篇關(guān)于現(xiàn)代遺傳學(xué)之父孟德爾的SAT作文素材，這篇SAT作文素材介紹了孟德爾的生平，并且對這位偉大的科學(xué)家所堅持的實驗進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。下面我們一起來看看這篇SAT作文素材的全部內(nèi)容吧。

　　孟德爾1822年7月20日出生于奧地利西里西亞，是遺傳學(xué)的奠基人，被譽為現(xiàn)代遺傳學(xué)之父。孟德爾通過豌豆實驗，發(fā)現(xiàn)了遺傳規(guī)律、分離規(guī)律及自由組合規(guī)律。

　　孟德爾出生于捷克摩拉維亞的一個農(nóng)民家庭，從小就在家里幫助父親嫁接果樹，在學(xué)習(xí)上已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出非凡的才能。1844-1848 年，孟德爾在布隆大學(xué)哲學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)神學(xué)，曾選修迪博爾講授的農(nóng)學(xué)、果樹學(xué)和葡萄栽培學(xué)等課程。1848 年在維也納大學(xué)期間，孟德爾先后師從著名物理學(xué)家多普勒、物理學(xué)家埃汀豪生和植物生理學(xué)家翁格爾，這三個人對他的科學(xué)思想無疑產(chǎn)生了很大影響。當(dāng)時大多數(shù)科學(xué)家所慣用的方法是培根式的歸納法，而多普勒則主張，先對自然現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行分析，從分析中提出設(shè)想，然后通過實驗來進(jìn)行證實或否決。埃汀豪生是一位成功地應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)分析來研究物理現(xiàn)象的科學(xué)家，孟德爾曾對他的大作《組合分析》仔細(xì)拜讀。

　　孟德爾后來做豌豆實驗，能堅持正確的指導(dǎo)思想，成功地將數(shù)學(xué)統(tǒng)計方法用于雜種后代的分析，與這兩位杰出物理學(xué)家不無關(guān)系。翁格爾當(dāng)時正從事進(jìn)化學(xué)說的研究，他認(rèn)為研究變異是解決物種起源問題的關(guān)鍵，并且用這種觀點去啟發(fā)他的學(xué)生孟德爾。通過翁格爾，孟德爾了解了蓋爾特納的雜交工作。

　　蓋爾特納寫作的《植物雜交的實驗與觀察》既單調(diào)又重復(fù)，但涉及的范圍很廣，包含著一些極有價值的觀察結(jié)果。達(dá)爾文和孟德爾都曾仔細(xì)地讀過這本書。孟德爾讀過的書至今還保存在捷克布隆的孟德爾紀(jì)念館內(nèi)，書中遍布記號和批注，有的內(nèi)容正是以后孟德爾的實驗計劃里的組成部分。由此可見，一個偉大的科學(xué)思想的形成絕非偶然。

　　Key words: father of genetics

　　Gregor Mendel

　　Gregor Mendel , Austrian monk, whose experimental work became the basis of modern hereditary theory. Mendel was born on July 22, 1822, to a peasant family in Heinzendorf . He entered the Augustinian monastery at Brnn , which was known as a center of learning and scientific endeavor.

　　He later became a substitute teacher at the technical school in Brnn. There Mendel became actively engaged in investigating variation, heredity, and evolution in plants at the monasterys experimental garden. Between 1856 and 1863 he cultivated and tested at least 28,000 pea plants, carefully analyzing seven pairs of seed and plant characteristics.

　　His tedious experiments resulted in the enunciation of two generalizations that later became known as the laws of heredity. His observations also led him to coin two terms still used in present-day genetics: dominance, for a trait that shows up in an offspring; and recessiveness, for a trait masked by a dominant gene.

　　Mendel published his important work on heredity in 1866. Despite, or perhaps because of, its descriptions of large numbers of experimental plants, which allowed him to express his results numerically and subject them to statistical analysis, this work made virtually no impression for the next 34 years.

　　Only in 1900 was his work recognized more or less independently by three investigators, one of whom was the Dutch botanist Hugo Marie de Vries, and not until the late 1920s and the early 30s was its full significance realized, particularly in relation to evolutionary theory.

　　As a result of years of research in population genetics, investigators were able to demonstrate that Darwinian evolution can be described in terms of the change in gene frequency of Mendelian pairs of characteristics in a population over successive generations.

　　Mendels later experiments with the hawkweed Hieracium proved inconclusive, and because of the pressure of other duties he ceased his experiments on heredity by the 1870s. He died in Brnn on January 6, 1884.

　　以上就是這篇SAT作文素材的全部內(nèi)容，包括了中文和英文兩個部分，后面還有關(guān)鍵詞。SAT作文素材的積累是大家在備考SAT作文考試的時候，一定要進(jìn)行的重要工作。大家可以在備考SAT作文的過程中對此進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)慕梃b。

　　下面是一篇關(guān)于現(xiàn)代遺傳學(xué)之父孟德爾的SAT作文素材，這篇SAT作文素材介紹了孟德爾的生平，并且對這位偉大的科學(xué)家所堅持的實驗進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析。下面我們一起來看看這篇SAT作文素材的全部內(nèi)容吧。

　　孟德爾1822年7月20日出生于奧地利西里西亞，是遺傳學(xué)的奠基人，被譽為現(xiàn)代遺傳學(xué)之父。孟德爾通過豌豆實驗，發(fā)現(xiàn)了遺傳規(guī)律、分離規(guī)律及自由組合規(guī)律。

　　孟德爾出生于捷克摩拉維亞的一個農(nóng)民家庭，從小就在家里幫助父親嫁接果樹，在學(xué)習(xí)上已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出非凡的才能。1844-1848 年，孟德爾在布隆大學(xué)哲學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)神學(xué)，曾選修迪博爾講授的農(nóng)學(xué)、果樹學(xué)和葡萄栽培學(xué)等課程。1848 年在維也納大學(xué)期間，孟德爾先后師從著名物理學(xué)家多普勒、物理學(xué)家埃汀豪生和植物生理學(xué)家翁格爾，這三個人對他的科學(xué)思想無疑產(chǎn)生了很大影響。當(dāng)時大多數(shù)科學(xué)家所慣用的方法是培根式的歸納法，而多普勒則主張，先對自然現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行分析，從分析中提出設(shè)想，然后通過實驗來進(jìn)行證實或否決。埃汀豪生是一位成功地應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)分析來研究物理現(xiàn)象的科學(xué)家，孟德爾曾對他的大作《組合分析》仔細(xì)拜讀。

　　孟德爾后來做豌豆實驗，能堅持正確的指導(dǎo)思想，成功地將數(shù)學(xué)統(tǒng)計方法用于雜種后代的分析，與這兩位杰出物理學(xué)家不無關(guān)系。翁格爾當(dāng)時正從事進(jìn)化學(xué)說的研究，他認(rèn)為研究變異是解決物種起源問題的關(guān)鍵，并且用這種觀點去啟發(fā)他的學(xué)生孟德爾。通過翁格爾，孟德爾了解了蓋爾特納的雜交工作。

　　蓋爾特納寫作的《植物雜交的實驗與觀察》既單調(diào)又重復(fù)，但涉及的范圍很廣，包含著一些極有價值的觀察結(jié)果。達(dá)爾文和孟德爾都曾仔細(xì)地讀過這本書。孟德爾讀過的書至今還保存在捷克布隆的孟德爾紀(jì)念館內(nèi)，書中遍布記號和批注，有的內(nèi)容正是以后孟德爾的實驗計劃里的組成部分。由此可見，一個偉大的科學(xué)思想的形成絕非偶然。

　　Key words: father of genetics

　　Gregor Mendel

　　Gregor Mendel , Austrian monk, whose experimental work became the basis of modern hereditary theory. Mendel was born on July 22, 1822, to a peasant family in Heinzendorf . He entered the Augustinian monastery at Brnn , which was known as a center of learning and scientific endeavor.

　　He later became a substitute teacher at the technical school in Brnn. There Mendel became actively engaged in investigating variation, heredity, and evolution in plants at the monasterys experimental garden. Between 1856 and 1863 he cultivated and tested at least 28,000 pea plants, carefully analyzing seven pairs of seed and plant characteristics.

　　His tedious experiments resulted in the enunciation of two generalizations that later became known as the laws of heredity. His observations also led him to coin two terms still used in present-day genetics: dominance, for a trait that shows up in an offspring; and recessiveness, for a trait masked by a dominant gene.

　　Mendel published his important work on heredity in 1866. Despite, or perhaps because of, its descriptions of large numbers of experimental plants, which allowed him to express his results numerically and subject them to statistical analysis, this work made virtually no impression for the next 34 years.

　　Only in 1900 was his work recognized more or less independently by three investigators, one of whom was the Dutch botanist Hugo Marie de Vries, and not until the late 1920s and the early 30s was its full significance realized, particularly in relation to evolutionary theory.

　　As a result of years of research in population genetics, investigators were able to demonstrate that Darwinian evolution can be described in terms of the change in gene frequency of Mendelian pairs of characteristics in a population over successive generations.

　　Mendels later experiments with the hawkweed Hieracium proved inconclusive, and because of the pressure of other duties he ceased his experiments on heredity by the 1870s. He died in Brnn on January 6, 1884.

　　以上就是這篇SAT作文素材的全部內(nèi)容，包括了中文和英文兩個部分，后面還有關(guān)鍵詞。SAT作文素材的積累是大家在備考SAT作文考試的時候，一定要進(jìn)行的重要工作。大家可以在備考SAT作文的過程中對此進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)慕梃b。