讓你的“中式英語”更地道
1. 有他這顆掃帚星，什么事情都辦不成。
[誤] With a comet like him, nothing can be accomplished.
[正] With a jinx like him, nothing can be accomplished.
注：掃帚星是中國人對慧星(comet)的俗稱，因其后面拖著一條像掃帚一樣的長尾巴而得名。在中國古代，掃帚星被認為是災(zāi)難的預(yù)兆，并被用來比喻不吉利的人或事;禍根：(person or thing that is thought to bring)bad luck(to sb/sth);curse。英語的comet 雖然沒有這層含義，但卻有一個對應(yīng)的說法，即jinx。
例：Theres a jinx on/Someones put a jinx on this car: its always giving me trouble. (這輛汽車上有什么妨人的東西，總給我找麻煩。)
2.蘿卜青菜，各有所愛。
[誤] Some prefer radish but others prefer cabbage.
[正] Tastes differ.
注：Tastes differ/vary .是句英語諺語，除此以外，原句還可翻譯成 No dish suits all tastes.或 You can never make everyone happy. 等。此外，我們還可以這樣說：One mans meat is another mans poison. 總之，應(yīng)采取意譯。
3.他一向嘴硬，從不認錯。
[誤] He has always got a hard mouth and never admit a fault.
[正] He never says uncle.
注：say (cry) uncle: to give up or in; to surrender; to admit defeat. Mainly used by boys, as when fighting. 這句話主要是男孩們打架時的用語，當(dāng)一方想制服另一方時，就用命令的口氣說：Say uncle!這時，有的孩子為了表示不服輸，就是不說。后來，say uncle 就成了服輸?shù)拇~，而 not say uncle 就相當(dāng)于嘴硬了。
4.老師很喜歡這個嘴甜的小姑娘。
[誤] The teacher likes this sweet-mouthed little girl very much.
[正] The teacher likes this honey-lipped little girl very much.
注：中國人喜歡說嘴甜，但 honey-lipped 更符合英美人的語言習(xí)慣。
5.同學(xué)們都很討厭他，因為他經(jīng)常拍老師的馬屁。
[誤] The students all dislike him because he often pats the teachers ass.
[正] The students all dislike him because he often licks the teachers boots.
注：以前在歐洲，臣民見到國王與王后往往要親吻他們的靴子。后來，人們將 lick the boots 引申為為了某種目的而討好某人，它與漢語的拍馬屁含義一樣。在美國英語中，拍馬屁還有另一種說法，即 polish the apple，源于以前的學(xué)生用擦亮的蘋果來討好老師。
6.你聽說了嗎?邁克把他的女朋友給甩了。
[誤] Have you ever heard that Mike broke up with his girlfriend?
[正] Have you ever heard that Mike dumped his girlfriend?
注：break up with sb. 雖然表示與某人分手了，但并沒說明是誰先提出來的。而 dump 的原意指傾倒垃圾，用在這里則表示像倒垃圾一樣地甩掉。
7.我們要把祖國建設(shè)成為社會主義的現(xiàn)代化強國。
[誤] We will build our motherland into a socialist modern powerful country.
[正] We will build our motherland into a modern powerful socialist country.
注：形容詞作為修飾語在漢語和英語中都很常用，但使用的先后次序卻有所不同。在英語中我們一般遵循靠近原則，即越能說明本質(zhì)屬性的修飾詞越靠近它所修飾的名詞，當(dāng)從這一點看不出區(qū)別時，就靠詞的長短來決定，短的在前，長的在后。原文中最能說明國家本質(zhì)的定語是社會主義的，所以 socialist 要最靠近它所修飾的中心詞。
8.人都是這山望著那山高，對自己的現(xiàn)狀沒有滿意的時候。
[誤] Almost all people think that the other mountain is higher than the one hes standing on. They never feel satisfied with what theyve already got.
[正] Almost all people think that the grass is greener on the other hill. They never feel satisfied with what theyve already got.
注：這山望著那山高是指人不滿足于現(xiàn)狀的心理，它在英語中已經(jīng)有了現(xiàn)成的說法，即 the grass is greener on the other hill(他山的草更綠)，因此我們借用即可，這樣既方便又更有利于與西方人溝通。
9.轉(zhuǎn)戰(zhàn)南北
[誤] fight south and north
[正] fight north and south
注：在地理方位的表達習(xí)慣上，中英文有一定的區(qū)別。中國人習(xí)慣于先東西后南北，而且在涉及南北時，習(xí)慣于先說南，再說北，如：南征北戰(zhàn)、南來北往等。而英美人與此正好相反，如江蘇在中國的東南部英文是 Jiangsu is in the south-east of China, 而新疆在中國的西北部應(yīng)譯為 Xinjiang is in the north-west of China。
10.這個教授教得很爛。
[誤] The professor teaches badly.
[正] The professor is so terrible.
注：有人認為第二句的意思是這個教授很可怕，其實不然。英語中 terrible 意思很靈活，例如：feel terrible 指身體不舒服 The food is terrible 則是說食物難吃極了。而第一句純屬中文式的表達。
1. 有他這顆掃帚星，什么事情都辦不成。
[誤] With a comet like him, nothing can be accomplished.
[正] With a jinx like him, nothing can be accomplished.
注：掃帚星是中國人對慧星(comet)的俗稱，因其后面拖著一條像掃帚一樣的長尾巴而得名。在中國古代，掃帚星被認為是災(zāi)難的預(yù)兆，并被用來比喻不吉利的人或事;禍根：(person or thing that is thought to bring)bad luck(to sb/sth);curse。英語的comet 雖然沒有這層含義，但卻有一個對應(yīng)的說法，即jinx。
例：Theres a jinx on/Someones put a jinx on this car: its always giving me trouble. (這輛汽車上有什么妨人的東西，總給我找麻煩。)
2.蘿卜青菜，各有所愛。
[誤] Some prefer radish but others prefer cabbage.
[正] Tastes differ.
注：Tastes differ/vary .是句英語諺語，除此以外，原句還可翻譯成 No dish suits all tastes.或 You can never make everyone happy. 等。此外，我們還可以這樣說：One mans meat is another mans poison. 總之，應(yīng)采取意譯。
3.他一向嘴硬，從不認錯。
[誤] He has always got a hard mouth and never admit a fault.
[正] He never says uncle.
注：say (cry) uncle: to give up or in; to surrender; to admit defeat. Mainly used by boys, as when fighting. 這句話主要是男孩們打架時的用語，當(dāng)一方想制服另一方時，就用命令的口氣說：Say uncle!這時，有的孩子為了表示不服輸，就是不說。后來，say uncle 就成了服輸?shù)拇~，而 not say uncle 就相當(dāng)于嘴硬了。
4.老師很喜歡這個嘴甜的小姑娘。
[誤] The teacher likes this sweet-mouthed little girl very much.
[正] The teacher likes this honey-lipped little girl very much.
注：中國人喜歡說嘴甜，但 honey-lipped 更符合英美人的語言習(xí)慣。
5.同學(xué)們都很討厭他，因為他經(jīng)常拍老師的馬屁。
[誤] The students all dislike him because he often pats the teachers ass.
[正] The students all dislike him because he often licks the teachers boots.
注：以前在歐洲，臣民見到國王與王后往往要親吻他們的靴子。后來，人們將 lick the boots 引申為為了某種目的而討好某人，它與漢語的拍馬屁含義一樣。在美國英語中，拍馬屁還有另一種說法，即 polish the apple，源于以前的學(xué)生用擦亮的蘋果來討好老師。
6.你聽說了嗎?邁克把他的女朋友給甩了。
[誤] Have you ever heard that Mike broke up with his girlfriend?
[正] Have you ever heard that Mike dumped his girlfriend?
注：break up with sb. 雖然表示與某人分手了，但并沒說明是誰先提出來的。而 dump 的原意指傾倒垃圾，用在這里則表示像倒垃圾一樣地甩掉。
7.我們要把祖國建設(shè)成為社會主義的現(xiàn)代化強國。
[誤] We will build our motherland into a socialist modern powerful country.
[正] We will build our motherland into a modern powerful socialist country.
注：形容詞作為修飾語在漢語和英語中都很常用，但使用的先后次序卻有所不同。在英語中我們一般遵循靠近原則，即越能說明本質(zhì)屬性的修飾詞越靠近它所修飾的名詞，當(dāng)從這一點看不出區(qū)別時，就靠詞的長短來決定，短的在前，長的在后。原文中最能說明國家本質(zhì)的定語是社會主義的，所以 socialist 要最靠近它所修飾的中心詞。
8.人都是這山望著那山高，對自己的現(xiàn)狀沒有滿意的時候。
[誤] Almost all people think that the other mountain is higher than the one hes standing on. They never feel satisfied with what theyve already got.
[正] Almost all people think that the grass is greener on the other hill. They never feel satisfied with what theyve already got.
注：這山望著那山高是指人不滿足于現(xiàn)狀的心理，它在英語中已經(jīng)有了現(xiàn)成的說法，即 the grass is greener on the other hill(他山的草更綠)，因此我們借用即可，這樣既方便又更有利于與西方人溝通。
9.轉(zhuǎn)戰(zhàn)南北
[誤] fight south and north
[正] fight north and south
注：在地理方位的表達習(xí)慣上，中英文有一定的區(qū)別。中國人習(xí)慣于先東西后南北，而且在涉及南北時，習(xí)慣于先說南，再說北，如：南征北戰(zhàn)、南來北往等。而英美人與此正好相反，如江蘇在中國的東南部英文是 Jiangsu is in the south-east of China, 而新疆在中國的西北部應(yīng)譯為 Xinjiang is in the north-west of China。
10.這個教授教得很爛。
[誤] The professor teaches badly.
[正] The professor is so terrible.
注：有人認為第二句的意思是這個教授很可怕，其實不然。英語中 terrible 意思很靈活，例如：feel terrible 指身體不舒服 The food is terrible 則是說食物難吃極了。而第一句純屬中文式的表達。
