必修一

　　Unit 5 Nelson Mandela ---

　　a modern hero

　　經(jīng)典佳句　特殊句式(倒裝)　

　　1．一個(gè)小型工廠坐落在這條河的南岸。

　　South of the river lies a small factory.

　　2．只有用這種方法我們才能建設(shè)一個(gè)和諧社會(huì)。

　　Only in this way can we build a harmonious society.

　　3．我一到北京就給你打電話了。

　　No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.

　　＝ Hardly had I got to Beijing when I called you.

　　4．美麗的微笑不僅使我們快樂(lè)，而且能夠使別人感到愉悅。

　　Not only can a beautiful smile make us happy, but also it enables others to feel delighted.

　　5．這本書(shū)是那么有趣，我想再讀一遍。

　　So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.

　　6．同樣吸引人的是那些世界名人們成功的故事。

　　Equally attractive are the success stories of world-famous people.

　　熱身體驗(yàn)成下列句子

　　1．Only when he returned did_we_find_the_truth (我們才查明了真相)．

　　2．In a lecture hall of a university in England sits_a_professor

　　(坐著一位教授)．

　　3.In their opinion, nor_is_it_important (也不重要) for learning English.

　　Ⅰ.詞海拾貝

　　基礎(chǔ)記憶

　　1．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的

　　2．stage n.

　　舞臺(tái)；階段；時(shí)期

　　3．vote vt.& vi.

　　投票；選舉n.

　　投票；選票；表決

　　4．a(chǎn)ttack vt.

　　進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊

　　5．escape vi.& vt.

　　逃脫；逃走；避開(kāi)

　　6．opinion n.

　　意見(jiàn)；看法；主張

　　7．quality n．質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)→quantity (形似詞) n．?dāng)?shù)量；量

　　8．a(chǎn)ctive adj.積極的；活躍的→actively adv.積極地；活躍地→activity n．活動(dòng)

　　9．devote vt.獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于→devoted adj.忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的→devotion n．關(guān)愛(ài)；獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)

　　10．peaceful adj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的→peacefully adv.和平地→peace n．和平；平靜；和睦

　　11．legal adj.法律的；依照法律的→illegal (反義詞) adj.非法的，違法的

　　12．violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的

　　13．equal adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv.同樣地；相等地；公平地

　　educate vt.教育；訓(xùn)練→educated adj.受過(guò)教育的；有教養(yǎng)的→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教育家

　　15．beg vi.請(qǐng)求；乞求→beggar n．乞丐

　　16．reward n．報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞→rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有回報(bào)的

　　語(yǔ)境記憶

　　17．All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)

　　18．A wave of violence spread throughout the whole country and some people became so violent that they set fire to cars.(violence)

　　19．After years of fighting the people longed for peace. They all want to live peacefully and happily. Before the war, they led a peaceful life in the countryside.(peace)

　　篇章記憶

　　He was rewarded for his devotion and generosity to education.He is strongly against violence and terrorism.In his opinion, attack of any kind is cruel and not equal.Everyone should obey the legal principles — law and we'll live a peaceful life.

　　Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)互譯

　　1.在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂(yōu)慮等的處境中in_trouble

　　2．求助于；致力于

　　turn_to

　　3．當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)

　　come_to_power

　　4．被判處……(徒刑)

　　be_sentenced_to

　　5．失業(yè)

　　out_of_work

　　6．a(chǎn)s a matter of fact

　　事實(shí)上

　　7．blow up

　　使充氣；爆炸

　　8．be willing to do sth.

　　愿意做某事

　　9．lose heart

　　喪失勇氣或信心

　　10．set up

　　設(shè)立；建立

　　Ⅲ.句型一覽

　　1.the first(＋n./pron.)＋to do不定式作后置定語(yǔ)

　　He was the_first_man_to_land_on_the_moon (第一位登上月球的人) in July 1969.

　　2．stage表示抽象的地點(diǎn)時(shí)，常接where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

　　Today we have reached a_stage_where (……的階段) we have almost no rights at all.

　　3．only修飾狀語(yǔ)置于句首引起的倒裝句

　　Only_then_did_we_decide_to (直到那時(shí)我們才決定) answer violence with violence.

　　4．the first time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

　　I felt bad the_first_time_I_talked_to_a_group (我第一次給一個(gè)小組作講解時(shí))．

　　Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法自測(cè)——定語(yǔ)從句(Ⅱ)完成句子

　　1．I'll be away on business for four days, during which_time_Mr_Smith_will_be_in_charge_of the whole project.(charge)

　　我要出差四天，在那期間史密斯先生將負(fù)責(zé)整個(gè)項(xiàng)目。

　　2．Many athletes are clear that the Olympic Games are the only time when_they_will_be_watched by thousands of millions.(watch)許多運(yùn)動(dòng)員很清楚，奧運(yùn)會(huì)是唯一的他們被無(wú)數(shù)人觀看的機(jī)會(huì)。

　　3．There are moments in life when_you_miss_them_so_much that you just want to pick them up from dream and hug them for real.(miss)

　　生活中有很多時(shí)候，你非常想念他們以至于你就是想在夢(mèng)里遇見(jiàn)他們并真實(shí)地?fù)肀麄儭?/p>

　　4．When someone gets old they often go to live in a home with other old people where_they_are_well_looked_after_by_nurses/nurses_look_after_them_well.(look)

　　當(dāng)人變老后，他們常去和其他老人住在一座房子里，從里面有護(hù)士照顧好他們。

　　5．I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, from_where_we_enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.(enjoy)

　　我和我的朋友走到了山頂，從那里我們欣賞了美麗的湖景。

　　1.devote vt.獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于

　　(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.

　　獻(xiàn)身于……；致力于……

　　devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth.

　　把某人的一生/時(shí)間/金錢(qián)/精力奉獻(xiàn)于……

　　(2)devoted adj.　忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的

　　be devoted to (doing) sth.

　　專(zhuān)心于；奉獻(xiàn)于……

　　(3)devotion n.

　　關(guān)愛(ài)；關(guān)照；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng)

　　If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you'll succeed.

　　如果你有了一份工作，務(wù)必要全身心地投入其中，最終你將會(huì)成功。

　　②Her son, to whom she is (so) devoted, went abroad last year, leaving her alone in the small village.

　　她非常疼愛(ài)的兒子去年去了國(guó)外，留下她一個(gè)人在小村子里。

　　【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】在短語(yǔ)devote ... to中to為介詞，其后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，類(lèi)似短語(yǔ)還包括：

　　①look_forward_to　期盼

　　②get_down_to

　　開(kāi)始著手做

　　③be/get_used_to

　　習(xí)慣于

　　④be/get_accustomed_to

　　習(xí)慣于

　　⑤lead_to

　　導(dǎo)致

　　⑥pay_attention_to

　　注意

　　⑦object_to

　　反對(duì)

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　完成句子

　　①Trading leather handbags is the business to_which_the_Greens_have_been_devoted over the past decade.(devote)

　　賣(mài)皮手提包是格林夫婦在過(guò)去十年里一直從事的生意。

　　②Devoted_to_his_research_work,_the professor cared little about any other things.(devote)

　　教授致力于研究工作，對(duì)其他任何事情都關(guān)心甚少。

　　③A hobby is what you never get tired of — the_more_time_you_devote_to_it,_the more fun you will have.(devote)

　　愛(ài)好是不會(huì)讓你感到厭倦的——你投入的時(shí)間越多，獲得的樂(lè)趣就越多。

　　2.vote vt.& vi.投票；選舉 n．投票；選票；表決

　　(1)vote for/against投票贊成/反對(duì)

　　vote on

　　投票表決

　　vote to do sth.

　　表決做某事

　　(2)put ... to the vote

　　付諸表決、裁決

　　①I(mǎi) thought the plan was very good, so I voted for it.

　　我認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃很好，于是我投了贊成票。

　　②When it was put to the vote, they were all for the proposal.

　　這條建議付諸表決時(shí)，他們都表示贊成。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　介詞填空

　　①People voted against Henry, who often tells lies.

　　②Vote for the man you can trust.

　　③As we can't agree on this matter, let's have a vote on it.

　　3.equal adj.相等的；平等的；勝任的 vt.等于；抵得上 n．同等的人；相等物

　　(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/勝任做某事

　　of equal importance

　　同等重要的

　　(2)A equals B in ...

　　A在……方面比得上B/與B相匹敵

　　(3)without equal

　　無(wú)與倫比

　　(4)equality n.

　　平等

　　(5)equally adv.

　　相等地；同等地；均等地；同樣地

　　Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.

　　沒(méi)有什么樂(lè)趣比得上你在閱讀故事時(shí)一個(gè)出人意料的結(jié)尾所帶來(lái)的樂(lè)趣。

　　②The island is equally attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.

　　因?yàn)榇呵飪蓚€(gè)季節(jié)的天氣都非常怡人，所以這個(gè)小島在這兩個(gè)季節(jié)都很吸引人。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　介詞填空

　　①She is very weak and not equal to making a long journey.

　　②His paintings are without equal in the western world.

　　③Nobody can equal him in intelligence.

　　【真題印證】

　　④)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ________

　　respected.

　　A．especially　B．equally

　　C．naturally

　　D．normally

　　解析：選B　考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：任何一個(gè)人，不管是政府官員還是公交司機(jī)都應(yīng)該同樣受到尊敬。especially“尤其；特別”；equally“相等地”；naturally“天然地；自然地”； normally“通常；正常地”。

　　4.escape vi.逃脫 vt.避免；被遺忘 n．逃脫

　　(1)escape from從……逃脫，逃避

　　escape doing

　　避免做……

　　escape punishment/death

　　逃脫懲罰/死里逃生

　　sth. escape(s) sb.

　　某物被某人遺忘；未被注意

　　(2)a narrow escape

　　九死一生

　　make one's escape

　　逃跑

　　①His heart beat wildly, and without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cat's paws.

　　他的心狂跳不止，來(lái)不及思考趕緊逃竄，幸運(yùn)地從那只貓的爪子下逃脫了。

　　②Last year I had a narrow escape, and I don't want to risk my life a second time.

　　去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危險(xiǎn)了。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　Ⅰ.寫(xiě)出下列句中escape的含義

　　①So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.逃跑

　　②The oil escaped from the broken pipes.漏出

　　③Her name escaped from my memory.被遺忘

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　④So sudden was the attack that the enemy had_no_time_to_escape.(escape)

　　襲擊如此突然以至于敵人沒(méi)有時(shí)間逃跑。

　　5.reward n．報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金 vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞

　　(1)as a reward for (sth.)作為對(duì)(某事的)報(bào)酬/獎(jiǎng)賞

　　in reward (for ...)

　　作為(……的)報(bào)答；作為(……的)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)

　　(2)reward sb. for ...

　　為……酬謝某人

　　reward sb. with sth.

　　用某物酬謝某人

　　①Society should care for heroes to ensure kind people are respected and rewarded.

　　社會(huì)應(yīng)該照顧好英雄以確保善良的人得到尊重和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

　　②As a reward for passing the College Entrance Examinations, many students got iPads as presents.

　　很多學(xué)生通過(guò)大學(xué)考試后，得到了iPad作為禮物。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　一句多譯

　　我送給他一本書(shū)來(lái)答謝他的幫助。

　　I gave him a book in_reward_for_his_help.(reward n．)

　　②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_I gave him a book.(reward n．)

　　③I rewarded_him_with_a_book for his help.(reward v．)

　　6.in trouble 有麻煩；處于困難中

　　get into/out of trouble　陷入/擺脫困境(表動(dòng)作)

　　have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. 做某事有困難

　　ask/look for trouble

　　自找麻煩；自討苦吃

　　take the trouble to do sth.

　　不怕費(fèi)事或困難盡力做某事

　　①I(mǎi)f you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to lend a hand.

　　如果你有麻煩了，邁克總是樂(lè)于伸出援助之手。

　　②Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers help us patiently.

　　無(wú)論何時(shí)我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)上遇到困難，老師總是耐心輔導(dǎo)。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　完成句子

　　①Don't hesitate to ask for help when_in_trouble.(trouble)

　　有麻煩時(shí)，不要猶豫，要請(qǐng)求幫助。

　　②You can't imagine the trouble I_had_in_persuading him to change his mind.(persuade)

　　你無(wú)法想象我說(shuō)服他改變主意有多么困難。

　　③Thanks for the trouble you have_taken_to_help_us.(take)

　　謝謝你不辭勞苦地幫助我們。

　　7.turn to求助于；翻到(書(shū)的某頁(yè))；查閱；轉(zhuǎn)向

　　①Don't hesitate to turn to us if you are in difficulty.

　　你要有困難，盡管來(lái)找我們幫忙。

　　②After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.

　　大學(xué)畢業(yè)后他當(dāng)了老師，但后來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)向了資訊業(yè)。

　　turn around/round轉(zhuǎn)身

　　turn away

　　不準(zhǔn)……入內(nèi)

　　turn down

　　關(guān)小；拒絕

　　turn off/on

　　關(guān)掉/打開(kāi)

　　turn over

　　翻身；翻轉(zhuǎn)；移交

　　turn up

　　出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大