必修五Unit 3　A healthy life

　　晨背三部曲（話題：健康生活）

　　經(jīng)典詞匯　

　　1.effect n．　影響2．fitness n.

　　健康3．obesity n.

　　肥胖4．a(chǎn)ttitude n.

　　態(tài)度5．eyesight n.

　　視力6．a(chǎn)ttention n.

　　關(guān)注7．a(chǎn)dolescent n.

　　青少年8．strengthen v.

　　加強(qiáng)9．healthy adj.

　　健康的10．harmful adj.

　　有害的11．positive adj.

　　積極的12．stressed adj.

　　有壓力的13．gradually adv.

　　逐漸地14．regularly adv.

　　有規(guī)律地 15.lead to導(dǎo)致16．take part in

　　參加17．put on weight

　　增重18．consist of

　　由……組成19．do harm to

　　對(duì)……有害20．a(chǎn)im to

　　旨在，目的在于21．be filled with

　　充滿……22．make full use of

　　充分利用……23．become addicted to

　　對(duì)……上癮24．the peaceful and relaxing life

　　平靜而悠閑的生活

　　熱身體驗(yàn)

　　連詞成句

　　1．only, in this way, I, will, relax, forget, all, worries (用倒裝句式)

　　Only_in_this_way_will_I_feel_relaxed_and_forget_all_about_my_worries.

　　2．easy, drug takers, become addicted to, drugs (用it作形式主語(yǔ))

　　It_is_easy_for_drug_takers_to_become_addicted_to_drugs.

　　Ⅰ.詞海拾貝

　　基礎(chǔ)記憶

　　1．a(chǎn)buse n．& vt.　濫用；虐待

　　2．ban vt.& n.

　　禁止；取締；禁令；譴責(zé)

　　3．quit vt.

　　停止(做某事)；離開

　　4．effect n.

　　結(jié)果；效力

　　5．desperate adj.

　　絕望的；拼命的

　　6．a(chǎn)wkward adj.

　　局促不安的；笨拙的

　　7．stress n．壓力；重音 vt.加壓力于；使緊張→stressful adj.產(chǎn)生壓力的；緊張的→stressed adj.焦慮不安的

　　8．a(chǎn)dolescent n．青少年 adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期

　　9．a(chǎn)ddicted adj.入了迷的；上了癮的→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好→addictive adj.使人上癮的→addict vt.使上癮 n．有癮的人

　　10．a(chǎn)ccustom vt.使習(xí)慣于→accustomed adj.慣常的；習(xí)慣了的

　　11．a(chǎn)utomatic adj.無(wú)意識(shí)的；自動(dòng)的→automatically

　　adv.無(wú)意識(shí)地；自動(dòng)地

　　12．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上→physical (反義詞) 身體的；肉體的

　　13．strengthen vt.加強(qiáng)；鞏固；使堅(jiān)強(qiáng) vi.變強(qiáng)→strength n．力氣；力量；強(qiáng)項(xiàng)

　　14．disappointed adj.失望的；沮喪的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使掃興→disappointment n．失望；沮喪

　　15．a(chǎn)shamed adj.感到慚愧或羞恥的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可恥的→shameless adj.無(wú)恥的；厚顏的

　　語(yǔ)境記憶

　　16．After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed out and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under such stress.(stress)

　　17．The man is addicted to smoking for many years, but he is now fighting with his addiction to smoking.(addict)

　　篇章記憶

　　Some adolescents are addicted to the abuse of alcohol and cigarettes due to the stress of overwork.They are faced with fitness problems physically and mentally.

　　Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)互譯

　　1.對(duì)……有癮addicted_to

　　2．對(duì)……作出決定

　　decide_on

　　3．不顧；不管

　　in_spite_of

　　4．陷入；染上(壞習(xí)慣)

　　get_into

　　5．也就是說(shuō)

　　that_is

　　6．設(shè)法完成某件困難的事

　　manage_to_do_sth.

　　7．due to

　　由于……

　　8．a(chǎn)ccustomed to

　　習(xí)慣于……

　　9．feel like (doing)

　　想要(做)……

　　10．take risks (a risk)

　　冒險(xiǎn)

　　11．a(chǎn)t risk

　　處境危險(xiǎn)；遭受危險(xiǎn)

　　12．reach for

　　接觸；伸手去拿

　　Ⅲ.句型一覽

　　1.It seems＋adj.＋that ... 看起來(lái)……

　　It_seems_amazing_that (這看起來(lái)令人吃驚) at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.

　　2．find/consider/feel＋it＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

　　Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and now you are finding_it_difficult_to_give_it_up (發(fā)現(xiàn)很難把它戒掉)．

　　3．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句

　　As_you_know (正如你所知道的), if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.

　　4．It is time to do ... 該做……的時(shí)間了

　　When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it_was_time_to_quit_smoking (是該戒煙的時(shí)候了)．

　　5．“do/does/did＋動(dòng)詞原形”表強(qiáng)調(diào)；as ... as ... 同……一樣……

　　I do_hope_so (的確希望如此) because I want you to live as_long_and_healthy_a_life_as_I_have (像我一樣活得健康長(zhǎng)壽)．

　　Ⅳ.語(yǔ)法自測(cè)——it的用法(1)

　　完成句子

　　1．It took a long time before_he_recovered_from/for_him_to_recover_from a bad cold.(recover)

　　他很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才從重感冒中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)。

　　2．It_(suddenly)_occurred_to_me that we could use a computer to do the job.(occur)

　　我突然間想到我們可以用計(jì)算機(jī)來(lái)做這項(xiàng)工作。

　　3．I found_it_impossible_to_work_out the math problem, so I turned to my classmate who is good at maths.(work)

　　我發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能做出這道數(shù)學(xué)題，于是向我的同學(xué)求助，他非常擅長(zhǎng)數(shù)學(xué)。

　　4．How_interesting_it_is to look at old pictures and reflect on the days we spent together！(be)

　　看著舊照片，回顧我們?cè)谝黄鸬娜兆邮嵌嗝从腥ぱ剑?/p>

　　5．As time goes by, you will find_it_more_and_more_difficult to deal with the complex situation.(find)

　　隨著時(shí)間的推移，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)越來(lái)越難以應(yīng)對(duì)那種復(fù)雜的形勢(shì)。

　　1.stress n．重壓；逼迫；壓力；重音；重點(diǎn) vt.加壓力于；使緊張；重讀

　　①Psychologically, exercise provides you with a break from the stresses in your life.(2024·重慶閱讀B)

　　從心理上看，鍛煉能夠在你的日常壓力中提供片刻休息的機(jī)會(huì)。

　　(1)under stress　在壓力之下

　　under the stress of

　　在……壓力下

　　put sb. under great stress

　　使某人感到沉重的壓力

　　lay/place/put stress on sth.

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)某事物

　　(2)stress the importance of

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)……的重要性

　　be stressed out

　　(因心理壓力過(guò)重而)筋疲力盡的

　　(3)stressed adj.

　　感到壓力的

　　stressful adj.

　　產(chǎn)生壓力的

　　That young lady, under the stress of her situation, changed effectively.

　　那位年輕的小姐，在處境的壓力下，變化顯著。

　　③After a long and tough journey, all of us felt exhausted and were stressed out.

　　經(jīng)過(guò)漫長(zhǎng)而艱難的旅途后，我們所有人都感到筋疲力盡。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　對(duì)比填空

　　他強(qiáng)調(diào)了接受良好教育的重要性。

　　He stressed the importance of a good education.(stress v．)

　　②He laid/placed/put stress on the importance of a good education.(stress n．)

　　Stress was laid/placed/put on the importance of a good education by him.

　　2.addicted adj.入了迷的；上了癮的

　　(1)be/become/get addicted to sth./doing sth. 沉溺于……；專心做……

　　(2)addict vt.

　　使沉溺；使上癮n.

　　有癮的人

　　addict oneself to sth.

　　沉溺于……

　　a work addict

　　工作狂

　　(3)addiction n.

　　沉溺；嗜好；吸毒成癮

　　addictive adj.

　　使人上癮的

　　Her son addicted himself to smoking, which had a bad effect on his health.

　　她的兒子吸煙成癮，這對(duì)他的健康有很壞的影響。

　　【語(yǔ)境串記】　Li Ming is a game addict, and his father has been trying to prevent him from being addicted to computer games, which are very addictive.

　　李明是一個(gè)游戲迷，他父親一直以來(lái)都想辦法阻止他沉溺于容易上癮的網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲。

　　【關(guān)鍵一點(diǎn)】　不管是動(dòng)詞addict還是形容詞addicted或名詞addiction，表示“沉迷于/熱衷于……”都和介詞to連用。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　對(duì)比填空

　　很多孩子沉迷于上網(wǎng)，他們對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)失去了興趣。

　　①M(fèi)any kids become/are/get addicted to surfing the Net, so they have lost interest in study.(addicted)

　　②Addicted to surfing the Net, many kids have lost interest in study.(addicted)

　　③Many kids addict themselves to surfing the Net,

　　so they have lost interest in study.(addict)

　　④Addicting themselves to surfing the Net, many kids have lost interest in study.(addict)

　　3.accustomed adj.經(jīng)常的；慣常的；習(xí)慣了的

　　(1)be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth. 習(xí)慣于(做)某事

　　(2)accustom vt.

　　使習(xí)慣于

　　accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己習(xí)慣于……

　　①He said that he was accustomed to making important decisions.

　　他說(shuō)他經(jīng)常作重要的決定。

　　②It took a while for me to accustom myself to all the new rules and regulations.

　　我花了一段時(shí)間才逐漸適應(yīng)了所有新的規(guī)章制度。

　　【聯(lián)想發(fā)散】根據(jù)提示寫出下面含有介詞to的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

　　①devote_oneself_to　奉獻(xiàn)

　　②get_down_to

　　開始認(rèn)真做

　　③see_to

　　務(wù)必；一定

　　④give_way_to

　　對(duì)……讓步

　　⑤look_up_to

　　尊敬

　　⑥lead_to

　　導(dǎo)致；通向

　　⑦object_to/be_opposed_to

　　反對(duì)

　　⑧stick_to

　　堅(jiān)持

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　對(duì)比填空

　　我習(xí)慣晚起床，我總是感到困乏。

　　4.effect n．結(jié)果；效力

　　①However, the accident had an unexpected side effect.(2024·安徽閱讀C)

　　然而，這次事故產(chǎn)生了始料未及的副作用。

　　(1)have an effect/influence on/upon　對(duì)……有效；對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響

　　come/go into effect

　　生效

　　bring/carry/put ... into effect

　　實(shí)行；實(shí)施；使生效/起作用

　　take effect

　　生效；奏效

　　of no effect

　　沒(méi)有效果的；沒(méi)有影響的

　　(2)effective adj.

　　有效的；有影響的

　　(3)affect v.

　　影響

　　Some researchers found that rising temperatures are having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the US.(2024·浙江閱讀A)

　　一些研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)日益升高的溫度對(duì)美國(guó)至少五個(gè)種類的兔子正在產(chǎn)生有害的影響。

　　③This Regulation will come into effect from September 1, 2024.

　　本章程自2024年9月1日起施行。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　根據(jù)英漢提示完成小片段

　　這種殺死害蟲的有效方式對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生了災(zāi)難性的后果，影響了生態(tài)平衡。

　　The effective way to kill the pest has disastrous effects_on the environment, affecting the balance of nature.

　　5.ashamed adj.感到慚愧或羞恥的

　　(1)be/feel ashamed of　因……感到慚愧

　　be ashamed to do sth.

　　恥于做某事

　　feel/be ashamed for sb.

　　替某人感到羞愧

　　(2)shame n.

　　羞愧；羞恥；慚愧

　　……真讓人遺憾

　　真可惜！

　　I was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it was known.(2024·廣東閱讀C)

　　我是盲人，但我恥于被別人知道這一點(diǎn)。

　　②It's a shame that you can't stay with us.

　　你不能留下來(lái)和我們?cè)谝黄鹛z憾了。

　　③What a shame! She should fail this round.

　　真可惜！這一輪她竟然敗下來(lái)了。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　用ashamed的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成下列句子

　　①她不好意思提這么簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題。

　　She was_ashamed_to ask such a simple question.

　　②我非但不覺(jué)得慚愧，反而覺(jué)得驕傲。

　　Instead of being_ashamed_of it, I'm proud of it.

　　6.in spite of 不顧；不管

　　不顧；不管(其后接從句)

　　In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford.(2024·山東閱讀B)

　　盡管受到多次邀請(qǐng)，他拒絕去參觀牛津大學(xué)。

　　②In spite of the fact that she has suffered ups and downs, she never takes her fate lying down.

　　盡管經(jīng)歷了人生的跌宕起伏，她從沒(méi)有屈從于命運(yùn)的擺布。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】

　　對(duì)比填空

　　盡管下著大雨，我們還是出去了。

　　①We went out in spite of the heavy rain.

　　②We went out in spite of the fact that it was raining heavily.

　　③Although/Though it was raining heavily, we went out.

　　7.take risks/a risk

　　冒險(xiǎn)

　　①M(fèi)en who had been stressed tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. (2024·北京閱讀C改編)

　　在這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)中男性在壓力下更容易冒險(xiǎn)，然而女性卻完全相反。

　　(1)at risk　有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

　　at the risk of ...

　　冒著……風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

　　take/run the risk of doing sth.

　　冒險(xiǎn)做某事

　　(2)risk doing sth.

　　冒險(xiǎn)做某事

　　risk one's life to do sth.

　　冒著生命危險(xiǎn)做某事

　　②The disease is spreading, and all the children under five are at risk.

　　疾病正在蔓延，所有5歲以下的孩子都有危險(xiǎn)。

　　③He risked his life to save me in the cold river.

　　他冒著生命危險(xiǎn)在冰冷的河水里救了我。

　　【對(duì)點(diǎn)練習(xí)】