国产成人福利在线_狠狠骚_久久久精品视频免费_56pao在线_日韩一区二区福利_国产综合久久

2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專項(xiàng)突破:第5節(jié) 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(北師大版)

雕龍文庫 分享 時(shí)間: 收藏本文

2024屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法專項(xiàng)突破:第5節(jié) 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)(北師大版)

  第五節(jié) 動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)

  考點(diǎn)一

  時(shí)態(tài)

  1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

  (1)表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)以及經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。

  He often gets up at six in the morning.

  他經(jīng)常早上6點(diǎn)起床。

  (2)表示不受時(shí)間限制的客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。

  As we know,light travels faster than sound.

  眾所周知,光比聲音傳播得快。

  (3)在時(shí)間、條件或讓步狀語從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。

  As long as it doesn't rain tomorrow,we'll have a trip on schedule.

  只要明天不下雨,我們就按原計(jì)劃旅行。

  [名師點(diǎn)津] 常用來表示按時(shí)間表、時(shí)刻表、日程表等安排將要發(fā)生的動作,只限于表示起止的動詞如go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,return等。

  The live football match starts at 9 o'clock this evening.

  足球?qū)崨r轉(zhuǎn)播今晚9點(diǎn)鐘開始。

  2.一般過去時(shí)

  (1)表示過去的事情、動作或狀態(tài),常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。

  Long long ago,there was a war between birds and beasts.很久很久以前,鳥類和獸類發(fā)生過一場戰(zhàn)爭。

  (2)表示說話人原來沒有料到、想到的事。

  I didn't know you were here.How long have you been here?我不知道你在這里,你來了多久了?

  3.一般將來時(shí)

  (1)表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)常用will/shall+動詞原形;表示臨時(shí)做出的決定用will+動詞原形。

  —The light is still on.——燈還亮著。

  —Sorry,I'll go and turn it off.

  ——很抱歉,我這就去關(guān)掉。

  (2)be going to表示按計(jì)劃、打算要做某事,此外,還可以表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象對未來做出判斷。

  We are going to buy a new car.

  我們打算買輛新車。

  (3)be about to do表示即將發(fā)生的將來動作,不與時(shí)間狀語連用。

  I was about to leave when it began to rain.

  我正要動身,這時(shí)天開始下雨了。

  [名師點(diǎn)津] be to do表示按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作,還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、職責(zé)、可能性等。

  You are to report it to the police.你應(yīng)該報(bào)警。

  4.過去將來時(shí)

  表示從過去的觀點(diǎn)看將來發(fā)生的行為或存在的狀態(tài),常用在賓語從句或間接引語中。

  Last week he promised that he would be back,but he hasn't arrived until now.

  上周他答應(yīng)要回來,但是到現(xiàn)在還未到。

  5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

  (1)表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。

  We are making model planes these days.

  這些天我們在做飛機(jī)模型。

  (2)表示說話人對主語的行為表贊嘆或厭惡等,常與always,constantly,continually等副詞連用。

  He is always making the same mistake.

  他老是犯同樣的錯誤。

  [名師點(diǎn)津] 表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的動作,常限于go,come,leave,start,arrive,take,meet等表示趨向的動詞。此類動詞多為短暫性動詞。

  He is leaving for Beijing to attend an important meeting tomorrow.

  明天他要去北京參加一個重要會議。

  6.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

  (1)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作。

  We were discussing the plan at this time yesterday.

  昨天這個時(shí)間我們正在討論這個計(jì)劃。

  (2)某一動作發(fā)生時(shí)另一動作正在進(jìn)行,其中一個動作一般存在于由when或while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中,持續(xù)性動作用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),短暫性動作用一般過去時(shí)。

  He fell asleep when he was reading a book.

  他看書時(shí)睡著了。

  7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

  (1)表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或存在的狀態(tài)到說話時(shí)已經(jīng)完成或結(jié)束。

  The prices have gone down,but I wonder whether they will remain so.

  價(jià)格已降下來了,但我不知道是否會繼續(xù)這樣。

  (2)在時(shí)間或條件狀語從句中,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可代替將來。

  I won't believe it until I have seen it with my own eyes.

  直到我親眼見到才相信。

  [名師點(diǎn)津] This/It is the first/second...time+ that從句,that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

  This is the first time that I have been here.

  這是我第一次來這里。

  8.過去完成時(shí)

  (1)表示某一動作或存在的狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過去某一時(shí)間或某一動作之前,即“過去的過去”。

  By the end of last month,we had finished all the work.

  截止到上月底,我們已經(jīng)完成了所有的工作。

  (2)表示過去本打算實(shí)現(xiàn)而未實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望或計(jì)劃,常見的有had hoped/wanted/expected/meant/intended等。

  I had hoped to send him a Christmas card,but I forgot to do so.

  我本來想送他一張圣誕節(jié)賀卡,但把這事給忘了。

  (3)在hardly...when...,no sooner...than ...句式中hardly,no sooner所在句子用過去完成時(shí),when和than所在的句子用一般過去時(shí),表示“一……就……”。

  No sooner had he rushed out than the house fell

  down.

  他剛沖出去房子就塌了。

  考點(diǎn)二

  易混時(shí)態(tài)辨析

  1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

  (1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性或不以時(shí)間的變化而發(fā)生改變的動作。

  (2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動作,或現(xiàn)階段一直進(jìn)行的動作。

  Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much.青少年正在損害自己的健康,因?yàn)樗麄兺娴碾娔X游戲太多了。

  2.一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

  (1)一般過去時(shí)表示動作的完成,即動作發(fā)生過且已結(jié)束,著眼于結(jié)果。

  (2)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動作的未完成性、持續(xù)性、著眼于過程。

  If it had been fine yesterday,we could have watched that air show.But it rained all day.

  如果昨天天氣好的話,我們就能看到那場飛行表演了,但是下了一整天雨。(暗示動作已經(jīng)完成)

  —Can you give me a hint where I should take up the story Gifts of the Magi?

  ——你能提示我一下從哪里開始講述《瑪吉的禮物》嗎?

  —Sorry,my mind was wandering.

  ——對不起,我剛才走神了。(暗示動作未完成)

  3.一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

  (1)一般過去時(shí)所表示的動作時(shí)間是具體確定的,與其他時(shí)間沒有牽連。

  (2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動作與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系,對現(xiàn)在造成影響。

  I came to Beijing last year and have been here ever since.我去年來到北京,然后一直住在這里。

  4.一般過去時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)

  (1)一般過去時(shí)側(cè)重發(fā)生在過去的客觀事實(shí)。

  (2)過去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”,所以一定有一個表示過去的參照點(diǎn)。

  Though I had been warned not to buy more new clothes,I did buy that fancy dress at length.

  盡管我被提醒不要買太多新衣服,但我最后終于買了那件漂亮的裙子。

  5.一般將來時(shí)與將來進(jìn)行時(shí)

  (1)一般將來時(shí)表示即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。

  (2)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)將來某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作。

  The challenger says that he will do his best.

  挑戰(zhàn)者說他要竭盡全力。

  I will be watching the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.

  明天這個時(shí)候,我就會在山頂上看日出了。

  [名師點(diǎn)津] 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別:

  (1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響。

  (2)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是在一段時(shí)期內(nèi)某些活動的持續(xù)性,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動作本身。

  —That is the third time that he has won the award in this field.——這是他第三次在這個領(lǐng)域獲獎。

  —Yes.He has been exploring his maximum potential in the past decade.——是的。在過去的十年里,他一直在發(fā)揮著自己的最大潛能。

  考點(diǎn)三

  被動語態(tài)

  1.英語中動詞有兩種語態(tài):主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者,被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。

  被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成(以write為例)

  時(shí)間 一般時(shí)態(tài) 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) 完成時(shí)態(tài)

  現(xiàn)在 am/is/are written am/is/are being written has/have been written

  過去 was/werewritten was/were being written had been

  written

  將來 shall/will be written

  [名師點(diǎn)津] 做有關(guān)被動語態(tài)的題目可以分兩步走:第一步確定正確的時(shí)態(tài),第二步確定正確的語態(tài)。判斷用主動語態(tài)還是用被動語態(tài)的根據(jù)是看主語與謂語動詞之間的關(guān)系:如果是主謂關(guān)系則用主動語態(tài),如果是動賓關(guān)系則用被動語態(tài)。

  2.被動語態(tài)的特殊形式:get/become done,此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化。

  His car got damaged in a road accident.

  他的車在一次交通事故中被毀了。

  3.主動結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動含義

  (1)表示狀態(tài)、特征的系動詞如look,sound,smell,taste,feel,prove等。

  The flowers smell sweet.

  花兒散發(fā)著芳香。

  (2)表示主語某種屬性、特征的動詞如read,sell,write,wash,wear等。

  This kind of jacket sells well.這種夾克很暢銷。

  (3)表示開始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動的動詞如begin,start,finish,stop,open,close等。

  The shop closes at 6 pm every day.

  商店每天下午6點(diǎn)關(guān)門。

  [名師點(diǎn)津] 被動結(jié)構(gòu)表示主動含義,常見的有be married,be seated,be dressed in,be devoted to,be lost in,be addicted to等。

  The boy was lost in thought.

  這個男孩正在深思。

  [本節(jié)小結(jié)]

  動詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)在歷年的高考中均占有相當(dāng)大的比例,而且難度也在逐年加大。近幾年高考考查趨向于少用外顯的時(shí)間狀語,而是轉(zhuǎn)向一些隱蔽的時(shí)間暗示,即在具體的語境中考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的用法。預(yù)計(jì)在未來的高考中,結(jié)合具體語境的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及詞類的題目仍是考查的重點(diǎn)。

  針對訓(xùn)練

  Ⅰ.完成句子

  1.(2024·安徽高考)The twins,who ________ (finish)their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.

  【答案】 had finished

  2.(2024·北京高考)—Hi,let's go skating.

  —Sorry,I'm busy right now.I ________ (fill)in an application form for a new job.

  【答案】 am filling

  3.(2024·北京高考) I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ (start)when I arrived.

  【答案】 had started

  4.(2024·大綱全國卷)Unless some extra money ________(find),the theatre will close.

  【答案】 is found

  5.(2024·大綱全國卷)The reports went missing in 2024 and nobody ________(see) them since.

  【答案】 has seen

  6.(2024·福建高考)—Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been?

  —I went to Ningxia and________(stay) there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.

  【答案】 stayed

  7.(2024·湖南高考)Since the time humankind started gardening,we ________(try) to make our environment more beautiful.

  【答案】 have been trying

  8.(2024·天津高考)We won't start the work until all the preparations ________.

  【答案】 have been made

  9.(2024·江蘇高考)—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?

  —Well,the media

  ________

  (cover)it in a variety of forms.

  【答案】 have covered

  10.(2024·江西高考)—Tony,why are your eyes red?

  — I ________ (cut)up peppers for the last five minutes.

  【答案】 have been cutting

 ?、?語篇填空

  用所給提示詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,使短文合理,連貫

  It was getting dark when I 1.________ (get) home.It was cold and I 2.________ (wear) a coat.I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket to take out the key,but I couldn't

  find it.I suddenly remembered that I 3.________ (leave) it on my desk in the office.It really didn't make any difference.I knew my wife 4.________ (be) at home and the children must have come back from school by now, so I 5.________ (knock) at the door.

  There was no answer.I 6.________ (continue) knocking

  at the door for some time.I 7.________ (get) angry.Then I remembered something the office boy 8.________ (tell) me at noon.He said that my wife 9.________ (phone) saying that she 10.________ (go) shopping in the afternoon with the children.It seemed that nothing 11.________ (can do) and I 12.________ (shut) out of my house.

  【答案】 1.got 2.was wearing 3.had left 4.was 5.knocked 6.continued 7.was getting 8.had told 9.had phoned 10.would go 11.could be done 12.would be shut

  綜合演練

  語法填空

  根據(jù)提示詞用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)填空(不多于3個單詞)使短文合理,連貫

  Welcome to our school.I'd like to introduce you plans for our school.We 1.________(do) a lot of work in the past few years.The library has been completed and 2.________(be) ready for use.But we still have to do more work.We 3.________(build) a new biology lab this year.But we 4.________(not have) enough money for the equipment.

  Students in all grades 5.________(collect) money.The money which is being collected will 6.________(spend) on new equipment.At present,we 7.________(make) a plan for a party at the end of the term,at which our students 8.________(give)wonderful performances.

  The gardens of the school are being improved this year.New trees are being planted which 9.________(give) shade soon in summer.The whole school are being painted during the summer holidays.In fact,our school 10.________(become) more and more beautiful.

  【答案】 1.have done 2.is 3.will build 4.don't have 5.are collecting 6.be spent 7.are making 8.will give 9.will give 10.is becoming

信息流廣告 競價(jià)托管 招生通 周易 易經(jīng) 代理招生 二手車 網(wǎng)絡(luò)推廣 自學(xué)教程 招生代理 旅游攻略 非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn) 河北信息網(wǎng) 石家莊人才網(wǎng) 買車咨詢 河北人才網(wǎng) 精雕圖 戲曲下載 河北生活網(wǎng) 好書推薦 工作計(jì)劃 游戲攻略 心理測試 石家莊網(wǎng)絡(luò)推廣 石家莊招聘 石家莊網(wǎng)絡(luò)營銷 培訓(xùn)網(wǎng) 好做題 游戲攻略 考研真題 代理招生 心理咨詢 游戲攻略 興趣愛好 網(wǎng)絡(luò)知識 品牌營銷 商標(biāo)交易 游戲攻略 短視頻代運(yùn)營 秦皇島人才網(wǎng) PS修圖 寶寶起名 零基礎(chǔ)學(xué)習(xí)電腦 電商設(shè)計(jì) 職業(yè)培訓(xùn) 免費(fèi)發(fā)布信息 服裝服飾 律師咨詢 搜救犬 Chat GPT中文版 語料庫 范文網(wǎng) 工作總結(jié) 二手車估價(jià) 情侶網(wǎng)名 愛采購代運(yùn)營 情感文案 古詩詞 邯鄲人才網(wǎng) 鐵皮房 衡水人才網(wǎng) 石家莊點(diǎn)痣 微信運(yùn)營 養(yǎng)花 名酒回收 石家莊代理記賬 女士發(fā)型 搜搜作文 石家莊人才網(wǎng) 銅雕 關(guān)鍵詞優(yōu)化 圍棋 chatGPT 讀后感 玄機(jī)派 企業(yè)服務(wù) 法律咨詢 chatGPT國內(nèi)版 chatGPT官網(wǎng) 勵志名言 兒童文學(xué) 河北代理記賬公司 教育培訓(xùn) 游戲推薦 抖音代運(yùn)營 朋友圈文案 男士發(fā)型 培訓(xùn)招生 文玩 大可如意 保定人才網(wǎng) 黃金回收 承德人才網(wǎng) 石家莊人才網(wǎng) 模型機(jī) 高度酒 沐盛有禮 公司注冊 造紙術(shù) 唐山人才網(wǎng) 沐盛傳媒
主站蜘蛛池模板: 国产伦精品一区二区三区 | 久久久777| 欧美成人激情视频 | 成人免费高清 | 97色伦97色伦国产欧美空 | 黄色片在线播放 | 亚洲国产一区二区三区 | 欧美一区二区在线视频 | 精品国产不卡一区二区三区 | 国产精品久久久久久久7电影 | 动漫精品一区二区 | av久草| 亚洲国产日韩欧美 | 午夜特片| 日韩视频精品 | 精品伊人久久 | 午夜看片 | 久久色视频 | 成人黄色在线观看 | www.欧美| 欧美一级大片免费 | 国产在线播放91 | 久久福利电影 | 国产精品一区二区不卡 | 成人免费视频网址 | 国产精品久久久久久久久久久小说 | 69久久| 欧美综合激情 | 久久99精品一区二区三区 | 欧美 日韩 成人 | 国产高清视频 | 亚洲视频天堂 | 欧美在线日韩 | 激情综合在线 | 手机在线观看 | 含羞草www国产在线视频 | 国产成人精品一区二区三区四区 | 99亚洲伊人久久精品影院 | 欧美成年黄网站色视频 | 99久久久久| 精品少妇一区二区三区 |