2024高考英語【北師大版】一輪復(fù)習(xí)提能訓(xùn)練（13）含（解析）答案

　　高考題型提能練(十三)　Unit 13

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　On a visit to Japan, Wangari Maathai learned the story of the hummingbird () and the

　　forest fire. While the other animals run in fear, the hummingbird flies above the fire time and

　　again, leaving a few drops of water from its beak.

　　“Why do you bother？” the other animals shout at the hummingbird. “I'm doing the best that

　　I can，” the hummingbird replies.

　　“It's such a beautiful story，” Ms. Maathai says, thinking of the world's environmental problems.

　　“There's always something we can do with our little beak like the little hummingbird.”

　　In 2004 Maathai was honored with a Nobel Peace Prize for her work founding the Green Belt

　　Movement (GBM), which hires villagers, especially women, to improve the environment. Since

　　then, she's realized that people's values are what inspire them. If the values are good ones, good

　　actions will follow.

　　?If you don't have good values, you'll develop vices (惡劣行徑)，” says Maathai. “And if we give

　　in to the vice, we destroy ourselves. We destroy the environment.” That's the message of her

　　new book.

　　In 1971, Maathai received a doctor's degree from the University of Nairobi, the largest

　　university in Kenya. She's now back in her homeland beginning work on the Wangari Maathai

　　Institute for Peace and Environmental Studies (WMI) at the University of Nairobi. “They want to

　　call it after me，” she says.

　　WMI will pay more attention to “l(fā)earning by doing” and use knowledge to deal with real

　　problems. “What Africa needs is people who are willing to get their fingers dirty and work with

　　the people，” says Maathai.

　　Planting trees is one way people connect with the natural world. She continues to inspire

　　others. “There is no lasting peace until we have peace with the earth itself，” she says.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇報(bào)道。保護(hù)環(huán)境人人有責(zé)，文章主要講述了諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)獲得者M(jìn)aathai保護(hù)環(huán)境的一些具體活動(dòng)以及她關(guān)于保護(hù)環(huán)境的一些看法。

　　1．Why does Wangari Maathai think highly of the hummingbird?

　　A．It can create water from its beak.

　　B．It helps the other animals run away.

　　C．It tries its best to put out the fire.

　　D．It finds out a way to save the forest.

　　答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“I'm doing the best that I can”和第三段“... thinking of the world's environmental problems. ‘There's always something we can do with our little beak like the little hummingbird.’”可知，Maathai對(duì)蜂鳥評(píng)價(jià)很高的原因是蜂鳥會(huì)盡自己的全力去撲滅大火。故C項(xiàng)正確。

　　2．Those who work for GBM are mainly ________.

　　A．environmental experts

　　B．women villagers

　　C．people who had good values

　　D．people who love birds

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“... which hires villagers, especially women, to improve the environment.”可知，B項(xiàng)正確。

　　3．Which of the following is TRUE about Wangari Maathai?

　　A．She is from Japan.

　　B．She received a Nobel Prize.

　　C．She is a university teacher.

　　D．She has always raised the hummingbird.

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中“In 2004 Maathai was honored with a Nobel Peace Prize for her work founding the Green Belt Movement (GBM)”可知，B項(xiàng)正確。

　　4．According to Wangari Maathai, ________.

　　A．good actions lead to good values

　　B．people's values influence their actions

　　C．everybody has a possibility to develop vices

　　D．people who have bad values may have good actions

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句和第五段內(nèi)容可知，Maathai認(rèn)為，如果你沒有好的價(jià)值觀，就會(huì)有不良行為；如果我們屈從于錯(cuò)誤的價(jià)值觀的話，就會(huì)傷害自己，破壞環(huán)境。故B項(xiàng)正確。

　　B

　　(2024·江西省九校聯(lián)合考試)If you have an allergy to some food, even a very tiny bit of food can make you sick. Lots of kids have food allergies — about 3 million in the United States alone.

　　The foods that cause the most food allergies include peanuts and other nuts; seafood, such as shrimp; milk, particularly cow's milk; eggs; wheat.

　　What Is a Food Allergy?

　　Food allergies occur when your immune system makes a mistake. Usually, your immune system protects you from germs and disease. It does this by making antibodies that help you fight off bacteria, viruses, and other tiny organisms that can make you sick. But if you have a food allergy, your immune system mistakenly treats something in a certain food as if it's really dangerous to you.

　　What's a Reaction Like?

　　In the most serious cases, a food allergy can cause anaphylaxis (過敏癥). This is a sudden, severe allergic reaction in which several problems occur all at once and can involve the skin, breathing, digestion, the heart and blood vessels. A person's blood pressure can drop, breathing tubes can narrow and the tongue can swell. People at risk for this kind of reaction have to be very careful and need a plan for handling emergencies, when they might need to get special medicine to stop these symptoms from getting worse.

　　What Will the Doctor Do?

　　If you think you may be allergic to a certain food, let your parents know. They will take you to the doctor to get it checked out. If your doctor thinks you might have a food allergy, he or she will probably send you to see a doctor who specializes in allergies. The allergy specialist will ask you about past reactions and how long it takes between eating the food and getting the symptom, such as hives. The allergist also may ask about whether anyone else in your family has allergies or other allergy-related conditions. The allergist may also want to do a skin test. This is a way of seeing how your body reacts to a very small amount of the food that is giving you trouble.

　　1.According to the passage, you will have a food allergy when

　　your immune system ________.

　　A.recognizes tiny organisms in a certain food

　　B.mistakenly makes antibodies to help fight off something in a certain food

　　C.prevents something harmful in the food from entering your digestive system

　　D.releases chemicals to remove harmful things in a certain food

　　2.In the sudden and severe allergic reaction, which of the following may happen?

　　A.Blood pressure rising.

　　B.Lips swelling.

　　C.Breathing difficulty.

　　D.Heart beating becoming slow.

　　3.Which of the following suggestions is given to those at risk of severe allergic reaction?

　　A.Taking medicine as soon as an allergic reaction appears.

　　B.Avoiding eating any food when going outside.

　　C.Always carrying with special medicine for possible symptoms.

　　D.Preparing a plan for dealing with emergencies ahead of time.

　　4.What will an allergist do to check your food allergy out?

　　A.Ask you about the allergy-associated information.

　　B.Give you some medicine right away.

　　C.Enquire about your present feeling towards the food.

　　D.Give you a shot of liquid extract of food.

　　1．解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第三段最后一句“But if you have ... dangerous to you.”可知當(dāng)你過敏時(shí)你的免疫系統(tǒng)會(huì)誤認(rèn)為某種食物中的某種物質(zhì)是有害物質(zhì)而產(chǎn)生抗體故選B項(xiàng)解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第四段第二句“This is a sudden ... and blood vessels.”及下一句中的“breathing tubes can narrow”可知過敏嚴(yán)重時(shí)可能會(huì)使呼吸管變窄出現(xiàn)呼吸困難故選C項(xiàng)解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第四段最后一句中的“People at risk for this kind of

　　reaction have to be very careful and need a plan for handling emergencies”可知過敏者應(yīng)提前做好應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)事件的準(zhǔn)備故選D項(xiàng)解析：選A　推理判斷題根據(jù)最后一段第四五句“The allergy specialist ... or other allergy-related conditions.”可知過敏癥專科醫(yī)師會(huì)詢問一些與過敏反應(yīng)相關(guān)的問題故答案為A項(xiàng)C

　　Life can be so wonderful，full of adventure and joy.It can also be full of challenges，setbacks(挫折) and heartbreaks.Whatever our circumstances，we generally still have dreams，hopes and desires—that little something more we want for ourselves and our loved ones.Yet knowing we can have more can also create a problem，because when we go to change the way we do things，up come the old patterns and pitfalls(陷阱) that stopped us from seeking what we wanted in the first place.

　　This tension between what we feel we can have and what we're seemingly able to have is the niggling(煩人的) suffering，the anxiety we feel.This is where we usually think it's easier to just give up.But we're never meant to let go of the part of us that knows we can have more.The intelligence behind that knowing is us—the real us.It's the part that believes in life and its possibilities.If you drop that，you begin to feel a little “dead” inside because you're dropping “you”．

　　So，if we have this capability but somehow life seems to keep us stuck，how do we break these patterns?

　　Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time.This is good advice for a new adventure or just getting through today's challenges.

　　While，deep down，we know we can do it，our mind—or the minds of those close to us—usually says we can't.That isn't a reason to stop; it's just the mind，that little man or woman on your shoulder，trying to talk you out of something again.It has done it many times before.It's all about starting simple and doing it now.

　　Decide and act before overthinking.When you do this you may feel a little，or large，release_from_the_jail_of_your_mind and you'll be on your way.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇說明文，作者介紹了在我們想要放棄的時(shí)候改變這種模式的一種方法就是重新選擇目標(biāo)并且迅速做出決定。

　　．It can be inferred from the first two paragraphs that we should ________.

　　A．slow down and live a simple life

　　B．be careful when we choose to change

　　C．stick to our dreams under any circumstances

　　D．be content with what we already have

　　答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段第三句Whatever our circumstances，we generally still have dreams，hopes and desires說不管在什么情況下，我們?nèi)匀挥兄鴫?mèng)想、希望和欲望。以及第二段最后一句If you drop that，you begin to feel a little “dead”inside because you're dropping “you”．如果你放棄了，你的內(nèi)心會(huì)變得了無生機(jī)，因?yàn)槟惴畔铝四阕约骸９蔬xC。

　　．What is the key to breaking the old patterns?

　　A．To focus on every detail.

　　B．To decide and take immediate action.

　　C．To listen to those close to us.

　　D．To think twice before we act.

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句Decide on a new course and make one decision at a time.可以知道為了打破舊格局需要決定一個(gè)新目標(biāo)并且立刻做出決定。故選B。

　　3．Which of the following best explains the underlined part in the last paragraph?

　　A．Escape from your punishment.

　　B．Realization of your dreams.

　　C．Freedom from your tension.

　　D．Reduction of your expectations.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)畫線句子可知其本意是逃出你內(nèi)心的牢籠。結(jié)合上文中在過多思考之前快速?zèng)Q定和行動(dòng)可以推測(cè)這個(gè)畫線句子是指要從過多考慮的焦慮中解放自己。故選C。

　　．What does the author intend to tell us?

　　A．It's easier than we think to get what we want.

　　B．It's important to learn to accept sufferings in life.

　　C．It's impractical to change our way of thinking.

　　D．It's harder than we expect to follow a new course.

　　答案：A　寫作意圖題。從全文來看，作者主要是想要強(qiáng)調(diào)果斷的行動(dòng)而不是空想來實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想和欲望，比起想要成功，行動(dòng)更加容易。故選A。

　　.任務(wù)型閱讀(2024·石家莊市復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))You want your essay to be the one that is passed around the admissions office or not? It's a little bit like the difference between being famous and infamous. Here are some basic tips to avoid that infamous essay：● Don't write the “safe” essay.

　　1.________

　　It could be something that others have also experienced, but make sure to say how it affected you. Something personal and unique never fails to stand out.

　　● Avoid the generic and get specific.

　　Never write that you're “well rounded” or that “many people have influenced” you. 2.________ Real and specific experiences are a lot more convincing than something you copy from the Internet.

　　●3.________

　　There is no need to share your participation level (hours per week and weeks per year) because colleges ask for that information on your activity list. It is important for the students to use every opportunity to show who they are and impress the admissions office.

　　● Don't talk about rankings.

　　Many students love focusing on the numbers when they are writing their “why this college” essay. They believe they are flattering (討好) the college by saying the reason why they want to attend is that the college is highly ranked in US News & World Report. Obviously schools are aware of their rankings. 4.________

　　● Don't complain.

　　If you have gone through difficult circumstances, you should share your story. Don't point fingers. 5.________

　　A better essay will talk about how you have dealt with, and hopefully overcome the obstacles you came across.

　　A.It's important to show patience and determination.

　　B.This applies to all types of essays.

　　C.Don't forget about the activity list.

　　D.Pick a topic that only you can write about.

　　E.They just want to know why you want to attend.

　　F.Don't repeat information that is elsewhere in your application.

　　G.Tell the reader what you've done, how you've been influenced, and by whom.

　　Ⅲ.語法填空

　　(2024·河南三市第二次聯(lián)考)As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past few 1.________

　　(century), a new electrical generating and transmission system for the 21st century will leave a 2.________ (last) mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but 3.________ the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will 4.________ (lay) down to move electricity around.

　　Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in 5.________ West. This is not an argument against 6.________

　　(build) them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of 7.________， we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily 8.________ we can now.

　　So balance will have to 9.________

　　(make). Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species will be forced to move or will be 10.________

　　(careful) moved to special accommodation. Measures will be taken to reduce the immediate effects.

　　Ⅳ.書面表達(dá)

　　(2024·遼寧省葫蘆島市一模)如今，隨著智能手機(jī)和電子設(shè)備的普及，“低頭族”現(xiàn)象興起，人們沉溺于手機(jī)等電子設(shè)備，因而忽略了自己和他人的溝通交流，甚至在家庭聚餐中也只顧玩手機(jī)而不和長(zhǎng)輩聊天，老人感到失落萬分，請(qǐng)根據(jù)下圖寫一篇英語短文。

　　內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)如下：

　　1.描述圖畫內(nèi)容；

　　2.對(duì)圖中現(xiàn)象加以分析；

　　3.針對(duì)這個(gè)現(xiàn)象提出建議。

　　注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

　　2.可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，以使行文連貫。

　　高考題型提能練(十三).1～5　DGFEA.

　　1．centuries　考查名詞的數(shù)空格前的“few”用于修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)故空格處應(yīng)用century的復(fù)數(shù)形式centuries2．lasting　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換根據(jù)空格前的冠詞“a”和空格后的名詞“mark”可推知空格處作定語修飾名詞故用last的形容詞形式lasting3．in　考查介詞in the ways為固定搭配意為“以這些方式”符合語境故填in4．be laid　考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)因該句主語“power lines”和空格處所填動(dòng)詞之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系故填be laid5．the　考查冠詞the West為專有名詞意為“西部西方”故填定冠詞the6．building　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞空格前的“against”為介詞介詞后應(yīng)接名詞動(dòng)名詞或代詞故用build的動(dòng)名詞形式building7．it　考查代詞分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處代指該句中的“alternative energy”作介詞of的賓語故用it8．than　考查比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)根據(jù)該句中的“far more”可知此處表示比較的概念空格處填比較級(jí)標(biāo)志詞thanfar more than為固定搭配意為“遠(yuǎn)超過……”符合語境9．be made　考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)該句主語為“balance”和動(dòng)詞“make”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；根據(jù)空格前的“will have to”可知空格處應(yīng)用be動(dòng)詞的原形故填be made10．carefully　考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處修飾動(dòng)詞“moved”應(yīng)用副詞故填careful的副詞形式carefully.參考范文：As can be seen from the picture, a big family get together to have a splendid dinner. But when they sit down to table, the young just bury themselves in playing with their cellphones, tablet PCs and other electronic devices, totally ignoring their parents, who feel very lonely and sad.