高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)精品課件《Module 5 Ethnic Culture》(外研版版選修7)
知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)四
語法 1.過去分詞作狀語 (1)過去分詞(v.-ed)是分詞的一種,它表示在謂語動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,本身有被動(dòng)的含義,所以只有一般式?jīng)]有完成式,不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞則只表示完成。過去分詞與句子的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且在句子中可表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨、方式等狀語,分別相當(dāng)于與之對應(yīng)的狀語從句,但過去分詞作伴隨方式狀語時(shí),則相當(dāng)于并列復(fù)合句。 例句:Seriously injured,he had to be taken to hospital. 由于傷得嚴(yán)重,只好把他送往醫(yī)院。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) Given more time(=If we had been given more time),we could have done it better. 如果給我們的時(shí)間多一些,我們本來會(huì)做得更好。 An old man entered,supported by a girl. 一位老人在一個(gè)女孩的攙扶下走了進(jìn)來。 注意:過去分詞表示在謂語動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,本身就有被動(dòng)含義,所以只有一般式?jīng)]有完成式。故及物動(dòng)詞的having been done就等于done。 例句:Having been praised by the teacher,he works harder than before. =Praised by the teacher,he works harder than before. 得到老師表揚(yáng)之后,他比之前更努力學(xué)習(xí)了。
知識(shí)要點(diǎn) (2)根據(jù)需要,動(dòng)詞-ed形式前面也可以加上when,while,until,once,though,although,as long as,so long as,unless,as if,as though,even if,even though等詞。as后不能跟動(dòng)詞-ed形式。在before,after,without等詞后必須用being done結(jié)構(gòu)形式。 例句:Unless invited,I won’t attend the get-together. 除非受到邀請,否則我不會(huì)參加聚會(huì)。 Before being called,remain where you are. 叫你之前,待在原地別動(dòng)。 注意:若過去分詞作狀語且它的邏輯主語與主句的主語不一致時(shí),就要有自己的邏輯主語,這樣就構(gòu)成了獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 例句:The work done,they were all very tired. 當(dāng)工作做完時(shí),他們都非常疲勞。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①________ rapidly by the body,sugar provides a quick energy source. A.Digested B.Digesting C.To digest D.Having digested 【解析】句意為:糖提供的能量能被身體迅速消化。動(dòng)詞digest與主語sugar存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故此題用過去分詞作狀語。 【答案】A 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ②________ in a recent English speech contest,25 students from Henan Province were sent to Australia for a short visit. A.Having judged the best B.Judging the best C.To be judged the best D.Judged the best 【解析】judge與主語25 students是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞形式,意為“被認(rèn)為是……”。 【答案】D 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ③________ the month and the year,the book was put on the bookshelf. A.Being marked B.Marked with C.Marking with D.Having marked 【解析】mark當(dāng)“作記號(hào)于,標(biāo)明”講時(shí),為及物動(dòng)詞,由于the book與mark這個(gè)動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞。 【答案】B 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ④________ in the right foot,Liu Xiang had to give up his match in the Olympics. A.Hurting B.Hurt C.To hurt D.To be hurt 【解析】句意為:由于右腳受傷,劉翔不得不放棄奧運(yùn)會(huì)上的比賽。hurt和主句中的主語劉翔構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此這里要用過去分詞,故選B。 【答案】B 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 2.短語動(dòng)詞 (1)短語動(dòng)詞是由動(dòng)詞、介詞、副詞三者通過一定的結(jié)合而組成的,主要有如下幾種: ①動(dòng)詞+副詞 pick out選出來;ring up打電話;give in屈服 注意:這類短語動(dòng)詞可分為及物動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)和不及物動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)兩類。具有及物動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)的短語動(dòng)詞的賓語如果是名詞,該名詞可置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間或副詞之后;如果是代詞,這個(gè)代詞就只能置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:They will have to find means to get over the difficulty.他們必須想方設(shè)法克服困難。 The temperature will go up quickly. 溫度很快會(huì)升高。 Tigers would die out if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished. 如果允許人們隨意捕殺老虎,老虎就會(huì)滅絕。 ②動(dòng)詞+介詞 agree with同意……;adapt to適應(yīng)……;depend on依靠……;bring about使發(fā)生……;look after照顧…… 注意:這類短語動(dòng)詞均為及物動(dòng)詞性質(zhì),其賓語不管是名詞還是代詞,都只能放在介詞之后。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:I ran into an old friend in the street. 我在街上偶遇一個(gè)老朋友。 She had to look after her sick mother. 她不得不照看生病的媽媽。 ③動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞 add up to總計(jì)為;break away from改掉,脫離掉;catch up with趕上;drop in on順便來訪;get down to開始認(rèn)真做 例句:He got on well with people there. 他和那兒的人都相處得很好。 You should keep away from those bad children. 你應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離那些壞孩子。 Don’t look down upon him.別看不起他。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ④動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞 shake hands with握手;set fire to縱火;take aim at瞄準(zhǔn);take pride in以……為自豪;get rid of擺脫掉 例句:I caught sight of her just now. 剛才我看見她了。 He is tired of this kind of life. 他厭煩了這種生活。 Don’t do wrong to innocent persons. 別冤枉無辜的人們。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①In modern times,people have to learn to _________ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life. A keep with B stay with C meet with D live with 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意為:在現(xiàn)代,盡管人們過著舒適的生活,但他們不得不學(xué)會(huì)承受各種壓力。live with sth.“忍受,容忍(不愉快的事)”;meet with sth.“經(jīng)歷,體驗(yàn)(不愉快的事)”。A、B兩項(xiàng)不是固定短語,它們的意思分別與keep,stay有關(guān)。故正確答案為D。 【答案】D 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ②With proper measures,the economy in China is beginning to ________ again. A.rise up B.hold on C.pick up D.take on 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意為:隨著正確措施的實(shí)施,中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)開始好轉(zhuǎn)。pick up在此意為“好轉(zhuǎn)、改善”。 【答案】C 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ③After studying in a medical college for five years,Jane _________ her job as a doctor in the countryside. A.set out B.took over C.took up D.set up 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。本句的意思是:在一所醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)了五年之后,簡在農(nóng)村開始行醫(yī)。set out 后面常跟to do sth.,意為“著手做某事”;此短語也可表示“動(dòng)身,出發(fā),安排,組織”之意;take over“接管,接替”;take up“從事,開始(做)”;set up“建立,創(chuàng)立”。根據(jù)句意可知答案為C。 【答案】C Thank you ! 選修7 Module 5
Ethnic Culture 課程解讀 話題 Ethnic Culture(民族文化) 功能 Ways of asking for more information(詢問更多信息的方式) 語法 V-ed form as adverbial and phrasal verbs(過去分詞作狀語及短語動(dòng)詞) 課程解讀 重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展 1.native adj.出生地的;土生土長的 2.run v.控制;管理 3.property n.財(cái)產(chǎn) 4.jewellery n.珠寶,首飾 5.fasten v.系牢,縛緊 6.awkward adj.尷尬的,為難的 7.minority n.少數(shù),少數(shù)民族→major(反義詞) adj.大多數(shù)的 8.diverse adj.完全不同的,各不相同的→diversity n.多樣性 9.inherit v.繼承→inheritance n.遺產(chǎn)→inheritor n.繼承人 10.furnish v.為(房屋或房間)配備家具→furniture n.家具 11.adjust v.適應(yīng),使適應(yīng)→adjustment n.適應(yīng) 課程解讀 重點(diǎn)短語 1.in use在使用 2.set off出發(fā),動(dòng)身 3.adjust to調(diào)整,使適合 4.be furnished with用……裝飾 5.come across(偶然)遇見 6.pull out拔出;(列出等)駛出 7.think over仔細(xì)考慮 重點(diǎn) 句型 1.The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain,its peak covered with snow.古城依山而建,對面是海拔5 500米高的玉龍雪山,山頂覆蓋著皚皚白雪。 2.The Bai have an agricultural economy,their main crops being rice,wheat,beans and cotton. 白族人以農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)為主,主要農(nóng)作物是水稻、小麥、豆類和棉花。 3....I don’t think I’ve ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life. ……我想我一生中從未見過這么美的景色。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)一
單詞 1.minority n.少數(shù);少數(shù)民族 歸納拓展 (1)be in a/the minority是少數(shù)派(尤指在投票的兩部分人中);占少數(shù) a minority of少數(shù) (2)minor adj.(常作定語)較小的;次要的 (3)(反)majority用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí),意思為“多數(shù),大多數(shù);過半數(shù)”。常與定冠詞the和介詞of連用,構(gòu)成詞組the majority of...。the majority of...作主語時(shí),其后的謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of之后的名詞。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) (4)the majority/minority單獨(dú)作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞既可用單數(shù),也可用復(fù)數(shù)。 例句:A small minority of British households do not have a car.英國的一小部分家庭沒有汽車。 People from ethnic minorities often face prejudice and discrimination. 來自少數(shù)民族的人們常常面臨偏見和歧視。 Boys are very much in the minority at the dance class. 在舞蹈班上男孩子占極少數(shù)。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 Most nurses are women,but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a ________ . A.scarcity
B.minority C.minimum D.shortage 【解析】句意為:大多數(shù)護(hù)士是婦女,但在高層醫(yī)務(wù)工作者中,婦女只占少數(shù)。be in a minority “是少數(shù)派,占少數(shù)”。 【答案】B 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 2.run v.(run—ran—run) 控制,管理,經(jīng)營;(公共汽車、火車等)(沿規(guī)定路線)往來行駛;伸展,延伸;融化;(指衣服上的染料或顏色)褪色,擴(kuò)散 歸納拓展 (1)well/badly run 經(jīng)營良好/不好 run a hotel/school經(jīng)營一家旅館/學(xué)校 (2)run after追趕某人,追逐某物 run across偶然遇見某人或發(fā)現(xiàn)某物 run into偶遇 run out花光,用完 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:He has no idea how to run a business. 他不知道如何管理一個(gè)公司。 There are frequent trains running between London and Brighton. 倫敦與布萊頓之間的火車班次很多。 I’m afraid the colour ran when I washed your new skirt. 很遺憾,你那條新裙子我洗的時(shí)候掉色了。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 My money has ________. Would you like to give me some? A.run out B.been run out C.been running out D.being run out 【解析】run out“花光,用完”,不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 【答案】A 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 3.fasten v.固定某物;系牢,扎牢;盯住;集中注意力于…… 歸納拓展 (1)fasten...on/to...把……固定到……上 fasten A and B together把A與B聯(lián)結(jié)在一起 fasten on/upon抓住;纏牢;盯住 fasten up系住,使連結(jié)在一起,把拉鏈拉好 (2)fasten your attention on集中注意力于;認(rèn)真地考慮 fasten your eyes on注視著,盯著 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:As the plane was getting ready to take off,we all fastened (up) our seat belts. 飛機(jī)就要起飛了,我們都系好安全帶。 After the farmer fastened his ox to the tree,he sat down and had a rest. 農(nóng)夫把牛拴到樹上后,就坐下休息。 The children’s eyes fastened on the stranger. 那些小孩子的眼睛緊盯住那個(gè)陌生人。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 The little boy tried to _________ his two small boxes together with a piece of rope. A.fold B.attach C.fix D.fasten 【解析】句意為:這個(gè)小男孩試圖用一段繩子將他的兩個(gè)小盒子緊緊地捆在一起。fold“折疊”;attach“將某物系在另一物上”;fix“固定,修理”。而fasten A and B together with sth.“用……把A和B牢牢固定在一起”,符合題意。 【答案】D 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 4.adjust v.適應(yīng),使適應(yīng);調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié);安排;校準(zhǔn) 歸納拓展 (1)adjust to...適應(yīng)…… adjust sth./oneself to sth.使某物或某人適應(yīng)(新環(huán)境等),適應(yīng)…… (2)adjustment n.調(diào)整,校正,適應(yīng) make adjustments to對……進(jìn)行調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié),校正 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust to the darkness. 幾秒鐘之后她的眼睛才適應(yīng)了黑暗。 She soon adjusted herself to his way of life. 她很快地使自己適應(yīng)了他的生活方式。 We’ve had to make some adjustments to our original calculations. 我們不得不對我們最初的預(yù)測進(jìn)行一些調(diào)整。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 Classrooms of some schools are now equipped with seats that can be ________ to the height of a person. A.adopted B.adapted C.adjusted D.treated 【解析】句意為:現(xiàn)在有些學(xué)校的教室裝了可根據(jù)人體身高進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)的座位。adjust to“適應(yīng)”,符合題意。 【答案】C 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 5.furnish v.為(房屋或房間)配備家具;供應(yīng);裝備 歸納拓展 (1)furnish...with...用……裝備…… furnish...to/for為……提供…… be furnished with備有,安裝有,陳設(shè)有 (2)furniture n.家具(集合用法,為不可數(shù)名詞) a piece/an article of furniture一件家具 a suite of furniture一套家具 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:Can you tell me how to furnish a house? 你能告訴我如何布置房子嗎? The room was furnished with antiques. 房間里擺著古董。 They were kind enough to furnish food and shelter for the refugees. 他們非常好心地為難民提供食宿。 They had little furniture.他們幾乎沒有什么家具。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 Reading ________ the mind only with materials of knowledge;it is thinking that makes what we read ours. A.furnishes B.instructs C.admits D.quits 【解析】furnish...with...意為“用……裝備……”。句意為:閱讀只是用知識(shí)材料裝備頭腦,而思考才能夠?qū)⑽覀兯x的內(nèi)容變?yōu)樽约旱摹?【答案】A 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)二
短語 1.in use在使用,在應(yīng)用中 歸納拓展 come into use開始被使用 make use of sb./sth.利用或使用某人/某物 bring...into use啟用 put...to use使用 of use=useful有用的 It’s no use doing...做……沒用 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:It is the dictionary that is most in use among Chinese students of English. 詞典在學(xué)習(xí)英語的中國學(xué)生中應(yīng)用最廣泛。 Take this—it’s of no use to me any more. 把這個(gè)拿走吧,它對我沒有用了。 It’s an opportunity to put her medical training to good use. 這是將她所受的醫(yī)學(xué)培訓(xùn)很好地付諸實(shí)踐的機(jī)會(huì)。 It’s no use complaining.抱怨是沒有用的。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①Seriously damaged,the bike is no longer ________ . A.for use B.on use C.in use D.out of use 【解析】句意為:由于嚴(yán)重受損,這輛自行車不能用了。考查in use在使用,在應(yīng)用中,是固定短語。 【答案】C 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ②Such good use had been ________ his spare time _________his English has improved a lot. A.made of;that B.made of;as C.made in;that D.found in;as 【解析】空一考查短語make good use of充分利用;空二考查句型such...that“如此……以至于……”的用法。句意為:他如此充分利用他的業(yè)余時(shí)間以至于他的英語有了很大的進(jìn)步。 【答案】A 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 2.set off 歸納拓展 (1)動(dòng)身,出發(fā) (2)燃放(煙火、鞭炮等) (3)使爆炸 (4)把……襯托得美麗 (5)使某人開始做…… 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:They set off in search of the missing child. 他們出發(fā)去尋找那個(gè)丟失了的孩子。 It’s a custom for Chinese to set off firecrackers in the Spring Festival. 對于中國人來說,春節(jié)燃放鞭炮是一種風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。 The slightest movement will set off the device. 最輕微的動(dòng)作就會(huì)使這個(gè)裝置爆炸。 The red belt sets off her black dress. 那條紅色皮帶把她的黑色裙裝襯托得很美。 Whatever you say will set her off crying now. 現(xiàn)在不管你說什么都會(huì)使她哭泣。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①The funny look on the naughty boy’s face _________ laughing. A.set everybody here up B.sent everybody here up C.set everybody here off D.took everybody here off 【解析】set sb. up“使更強(qiáng)壯”;send sb. up“取笑、諷刺某人”;take sb. off“調(diào)離;帶走”;set sb. off doing sth.“使某人做某事”。根據(jù)題意選C。 【答案】C 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ②He decided to _________ Beijing to attend the medical conference. A.set off from B.set off for C.set off D.set off to 【解析】句意為:他決定啟程去北京參加醫(yī)學(xué)大會(huì)。set off for “啟程到某地”。 【答案】B 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)三
句型 ...I don’t think I’ve ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life. ……我想我一生中從未見過這么美的景色。 句中don’t...ever...so beautiful...結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)的意思。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 歸納拓展 下列結(jié)構(gòu)均表示最高級(jí)意義: (1)完成時(shí)+never
+so+adj./adv. so+adj.+a/an+n. such+a/an+adj.+n. (2)否定詞+so...as... (3)as...as ever (4)比較級(jí)+than+
any other+單數(shù)名詞 all the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 anyone else/any of the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 the rest of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) (5)否定詞+比較級(jí)(+than...)=最高級(jí) 例句:He has never spent a more worrying day. 他度過了極其憂心忡忡的一天。 I don’t get up so early as my mother. 我沒有像媽媽那么早起來。 China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia. 中國是亞洲最大的國家。 John did more work than anyone else. 約翰干活最多。 Nobody can do the work better than he did. 這項(xiàng)工作他做得最好。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 —It’s wrong for a student to follow ________ his teachers say. —It’s true.I can’t agree . A.whatever;more B.no matter what;more C.no matter what;much D.whatever;much 【解析】由“I can’t agree more.我再同意不過了”,可排除C、D項(xiàng);又由于no matter what不可作say的賓語,排除B項(xiàng),選A。 【答案】A
知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)四
語法 1.過去分詞作狀語 (1)過去分詞(v.-ed)是分詞的一種,它表示在謂語動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,本身有被動(dòng)的含義,所以只有一般式?jīng)]有完成式,不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞則只表示完成。過去分詞與句子的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,且在句子中可表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨、方式等狀語,分別相當(dāng)于與之對應(yīng)的狀語從句,但過去分詞作伴隨方式狀語時(shí),則相當(dāng)于并列復(fù)合句。 例句:Seriously injured,he had to be taken to hospital. 由于傷得嚴(yán)重,只好把他送往醫(yī)院。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) Given more time(=If we had been given more time),we could have done it better. 如果給我們的時(shí)間多一些,我們本來會(huì)做得更好。 An old man entered,supported by a girl. 一位老人在一個(gè)女孩的攙扶下走了進(jìn)來。 注意:過去分詞表示在謂語動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,本身就有被動(dòng)含義,所以只有一般式?jīng)]有完成式。故及物動(dòng)詞的having been done就等于done。 例句:Having been praised by the teacher,he works harder than before. =Praised by the teacher,he works harder than before. 得到老師表揚(yáng)之后,他比之前更努力學(xué)習(xí)了。
知識(shí)要點(diǎn) (2)根據(jù)需要,動(dòng)詞-ed形式前面也可以加上when,while,until,once,though,although,as long as,so long as,unless,as if,as though,even if,even though等詞。as后不能跟動(dòng)詞-ed形式。在before,after,without等詞后必須用being done結(jié)構(gòu)形式。 例句:Unless invited,I won’t attend the get-together. 除非受到邀請,否則我不會(huì)參加聚會(huì)。 Before being called,remain where you are. 叫你之前,待在原地別動(dòng)。 注意:若過去分詞作狀語且它的邏輯主語與主句的主語不一致時(shí),就要有自己的邏輯主語,這樣就構(gòu)成了獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 例句:The work done,they were all very tired. 當(dāng)工作做完時(shí),他們都非常疲勞。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①________ rapidly by the body,sugar provides a quick energy source. A.Digested B.Digesting C.To digest D.Having digested 【解析】句意為:糖提供的能量能被身體迅速消化。動(dòng)詞digest與主語sugar存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故此題用過去分詞作狀語。 【答案】A 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ②________ in a recent English speech contest,25 students from Henan Province were sent to Australia for a short visit. A.Having judged the best B.Judging the best C.To be judged the best D.Judged the best 【解析】judge與主語25 students是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞形式,意為“被認(rèn)為是……”。 【答案】D 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ③________ the month and the year,the book was put on the bookshelf. A.Being marked B.Marked with C.Marking with D.Having marked 【解析】mark當(dāng)“作記號(hào)于,標(biāo)明”講時(shí),為及物動(dòng)詞,由于the book與mark這個(gè)動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過去分詞。 【答案】B 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ④________ in the right foot,Liu Xiang had to give up his match in the Olympics. A.Hurting B.Hurt C.To hurt D.To be hurt 【解析】句意為:由于右腳受傷,劉翔不得不放棄奧運(yùn)會(huì)上的比賽。hurt和主句中的主語劉翔構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,因此這里要用過去分詞,故選B。 【答案】B 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 2.短語動(dòng)詞 (1)短語動(dòng)詞是由動(dòng)詞、介詞、副詞三者通過一定的結(jié)合而組成的,主要有如下幾種: ①動(dòng)詞+副詞 pick out選出來;ring up打電話;give in屈服 注意:這類短語動(dòng)詞可分為及物動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)和不及物動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)兩類。具有及物動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)的短語動(dòng)詞的賓語如果是名詞,該名詞可置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間或副詞之后;如果是代詞,這個(gè)代詞就只能置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:They will have to find means to get over the difficulty.他們必須想方設(shè)法克服困難。 The temperature will go up quickly. 溫度很快會(huì)升高。 Tigers would die out if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished. 如果允許人們隨意捕殺老虎,老虎就會(huì)滅絕。 ②動(dòng)詞+介詞 agree with同意……;adapt to適應(yīng)……;depend on依靠……;bring about使發(fā)生……;look after照顧…… 注意:這類短語動(dòng)詞均為及物動(dòng)詞性質(zhì),其賓語不管是名詞還是代詞,都只能放在介詞之后。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:I ran into an old friend in the street. 我在街上偶遇一個(gè)老朋友。 She had to look after her sick mother. 她不得不照看生病的媽媽。 ③動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞 add up to總計(jì)為;break away from改掉,脫離掉;catch up with趕上;drop in on順便來訪;get down to開始認(rèn)真做 例句:He got on well with people there. 他和那兒的人都相處得很好。 You should keep away from those bad children. 你應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離那些壞孩子。 Don’t look down upon him.別看不起他。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ④動(dòng)詞+名詞+介詞 shake hands with握手;set fire to縱火;take aim at瞄準(zhǔn);take pride in以……為自豪;get rid of擺脫掉 例句:I caught sight of her just now. 剛才我看見她了。 He is tired of this kind of life. 他厭煩了這種生活。 Don’t do wrong to innocent persons. 別冤枉無辜的人們。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①In modern times,people have to learn to _________ all kinds of pressure although they are leading a comfortable life. A keep with B stay with C meet with D live with 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意為:在現(xiàn)代,盡管人們過著舒適的生活,但他們不得不學(xué)會(huì)承受各種壓力。live with sth.“忍受,容忍(不愉快的事)”;meet with sth.“經(jīng)歷,體驗(yàn)(不愉快的事)”。A、B兩項(xiàng)不是固定短語,它們的意思分別與keep,stay有關(guān)。故正確答案為D。 【答案】D 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ②With proper measures,the economy in China is beginning to ________ again. A.rise up B.hold on C.pick up D.take on 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意為:隨著正確措施的實(shí)施,中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)開始好轉(zhuǎn)。pick up在此意為“好轉(zhuǎn)、改善”。 【答案】C 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ③After studying in a medical college for five years,Jane _________ her job as a doctor in the countryside. A.set out B.took over C.took up D.set up 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。本句的意思是:在一所醫(yī)學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)了五年之后,簡在農(nóng)村開始行醫(yī)。set out 后面常跟to do sth.,意為“著手做某事”;此短語也可表示“動(dòng)身,出發(fā),安排,組織”之意;take over“接管,接替”;take up“從事,開始(做)”;set up“建立,創(chuàng)立”。根據(jù)句意可知答案為C。 【答案】C Thank you ! 選修7 Module 5
Ethnic Culture 課程解讀 話題 Ethnic Culture(民族文化) 功能 Ways of asking for more information(詢問更多信息的方式) 語法 V-ed form as adverbial and phrasal verbs(過去分詞作狀語及短語動(dòng)詞) 課程解讀 重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展 1.native adj.出生地的;土生土長的 2.run v.控制;管理 3.property n.財(cái)產(chǎn) 4.jewellery n.珠寶,首飾 5.fasten v.系牢,縛緊 6.awkward adj.尷尬的,為難的 7.minority n.少數(shù),少數(shù)民族→major(反義詞) adj.大多數(shù)的 8.diverse adj.完全不同的,各不相同的→diversity n.多樣性 9.inherit v.繼承→inheritance n.遺產(chǎn)→inheritor n.繼承人 10.furnish v.為(房屋或房間)配備家具→furniture n.家具 11.adjust v.適應(yīng),使適應(yīng)→adjustment n.適應(yīng) 課程解讀 重點(diǎn)短語 1.in use在使用 2.set off出發(fā),動(dòng)身 3.adjust to調(diào)整,使適合 4.be furnished with用……裝飾 5.come across(偶然)遇見 6.pull out拔出;(列出等)駛出 7.think over仔細(xì)考慮 重點(diǎn) 句型 1.The old town is on the side of a mountain and opposite it is the 5,500 metre Yulong Xueshan Mountain,its peak covered with snow.古城依山而建,對面是海拔5 500米高的玉龍雪山,山頂覆蓋著皚皚白雪。 2.The Bai have an agricultural economy,their main crops being rice,wheat,beans and cotton. 白族人以農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)為主,主要農(nóng)作物是水稻、小麥、豆類和棉花。 3....I don’t think I’ve ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life. ……我想我一生中從未見過這么美的景色。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)一
單詞 1.minority n.少數(shù);少數(shù)民族 歸納拓展 (1)be in a/the minority是少數(shù)派(尤指在投票的兩部分人中);占少數(shù) a minority of少數(shù) (2)minor adj.(常作定語)較小的;次要的 (3)(反)majority用作可數(shù)名詞時(shí),意思為“多數(shù),大多數(shù);過半數(shù)”。常與定冠詞the和介詞of連用,構(gòu)成詞組the majority of...。the majority of...作主語時(shí),其后的謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于of之后的名詞。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) (4)the majority/minority單獨(dú)作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞既可用單數(shù),也可用復(fù)數(shù)。 例句:A small minority of British households do not have a car.英國的一小部分家庭沒有汽車。 People from ethnic minorities often face prejudice and discrimination. 來自少數(shù)民族的人們常常面臨偏見和歧視。 Boys are very much in the minority at the dance class. 在舞蹈班上男孩子占極少數(shù)。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 Most nurses are women,but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a ________ . A.scarcity
B.minority C.minimum D.shortage 【解析】句意為:大多數(shù)護(hù)士是婦女,但在高層醫(yī)務(wù)工作者中,婦女只占少數(shù)。be in a minority “是少數(shù)派,占少數(shù)”。 【答案】B 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 2.run v.(run—ran—run) 控制,管理,經(jīng)營;(公共汽車、火車等)(沿規(guī)定路線)往來行駛;伸展,延伸;融化;(指衣服上的染料或顏色)褪色,擴(kuò)散 歸納拓展 (1)well/badly run 經(jīng)營良好/不好 run a hotel/school經(jīng)營一家旅館/學(xué)校 (2)run after追趕某人,追逐某物 run across偶然遇見某人或發(fā)現(xiàn)某物 run into偶遇 run out花光,用完 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:He has no idea how to run a business. 他不知道如何管理一個(gè)公司。 There are frequent trains running between London and Brighton. 倫敦與布萊頓之間的火車班次很多。 I’m afraid the colour ran when I washed your new skirt. 很遺憾,你那條新裙子我洗的時(shí)候掉色了。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 My money has ________. Would you like to give me some? A.run out B.been run out C.been running out D.being run out 【解析】run out“花光,用完”,不可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 【答案】A 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 3.fasten v.固定某物;系牢,扎牢;盯住;集中注意力于…… 歸納拓展 (1)fasten...on/to...把……固定到……上 fasten A and B together把A與B聯(lián)結(jié)在一起 fasten on/upon抓住;纏牢;盯住 fasten up系住,使連結(jié)在一起,把拉鏈拉好 (2)fasten your attention on集中注意力于;認(rèn)真地考慮 fasten your eyes on注視著,盯著 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:As the plane was getting ready to take off,we all fastened (up) our seat belts. 飛機(jī)就要起飛了,我們都系好安全帶。 After the farmer fastened his ox to the tree,he sat down and had a rest. 農(nóng)夫把牛拴到樹上后,就坐下休息。 The children’s eyes fastened on the stranger. 那些小孩子的眼睛緊盯住那個(gè)陌生人。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 The little boy tried to _________ his two small boxes together with a piece of rope. A.fold B.attach C.fix D.fasten 【解析】句意為:這個(gè)小男孩試圖用一段繩子將他的兩個(gè)小盒子緊緊地捆在一起。fold“折疊”;attach“將某物系在另一物上”;fix“固定,修理”。而fasten A and B together with sth.“用……把A和B牢牢固定在一起”,符合題意。 【答案】D 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 4.adjust v.適應(yīng),使適應(yīng);調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié);安排;校準(zhǔn) 歸納拓展 (1)adjust to...適應(yīng)…… adjust sth./oneself to sth.使某物或某人適應(yīng)(新環(huán)境等),適應(yīng)…… (2)adjustment n.調(diào)整,校正,適應(yīng) make adjustments to對……進(jìn)行調(diào)整,調(diào)節(jié),校正 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:It took a few seconds for her eyes to adjust to the darkness. 幾秒鐘之后她的眼睛才適應(yīng)了黑暗。 She soon adjusted herself to his way of life. 她很快地使自己適應(yīng)了他的生活方式。 We’ve had to make some adjustments to our original calculations. 我們不得不對我們最初的預(yù)測進(jìn)行一些調(diào)整。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 Classrooms of some schools are now equipped with seats that can be ________ to the height of a person. A.adopted B.adapted C.adjusted D.treated 【解析】句意為:現(xiàn)在有些學(xué)校的教室裝了可根據(jù)人體身高進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)的座位。adjust to“適應(yīng)”,符合題意。 【答案】C 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 5.furnish v.為(房屋或房間)配備家具;供應(yīng);裝備 歸納拓展 (1)furnish...with...用……裝備…… furnish...to/for為……提供…… be furnished with備有,安裝有,陳設(shè)有 (2)furniture n.家具(集合用法,為不可數(shù)名詞) a piece/an article of furniture一件家具 a suite of furniture一套家具 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:Can you tell me how to furnish a house? 你能告訴我如何布置房子嗎? The room was furnished with antiques. 房間里擺著古董。 They were kind enough to furnish food and shelter for the refugees. 他們非常好心地為難民提供食宿。 They had little furniture.他們幾乎沒有什么家具。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 Reading ________ the mind only with materials of knowledge;it is thinking that makes what we read ours. A.furnishes B.instructs C.admits D.quits 【解析】furnish...with...意為“用……裝備……”。句意為:閱讀只是用知識(shí)材料裝備頭腦,而思考才能夠?qū)⑽覀兯x的內(nèi)容變?yōu)樽约旱摹?【答案】A 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)二
短語 1.in use在使用,在應(yīng)用中 歸納拓展 come into use開始被使用 make use of sb./sth.利用或使用某人/某物 bring...into use啟用 put...to use使用 of use=useful有用的 It’s no use doing...做……沒用 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:It is the dictionary that is most in use among Chinese students of English. 詞典在學(xué)習(xí)英語的中國學(xué)生中應(yīng)用最廣泛。 Take this—it’s of no use to me any more. 把這個(gè)拿走吧,它對我沒有用了。 It’s an opportunity to put her medical training to good use. 這是將她所受的醫(yī)學(xué)培訓(xùn)很好地付諸實(shí)踐的機(jī)會(huì)。 It’s no use complaining.抱怨是沒有用的。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①Seriously damaged,the bike is no longer ________ . A.for use B.on use C.in use D.out of use 【解析】句意為:由于嚴(yán)重受損,這輛自行車不能用了。考查in use在使用,在應(yīng)用中,是固定短語。 【答案】C 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ②Such good use had been ________ his spare time _________his English has improved a lot. A.made of;that B.made of;as C.made in;that D.found in;as 【解析】空一考查短語make good use of充分利用;空二考查句型such...that“如此……以至于……”的用法。句意為:他如此充分利用他的業(yè)余時(shí)間以至于他的英語有了很大的進(jìn)步。 【答案】A 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 2.set off 歸納拓展 (1)動(dòng)身,出發(fā) (2)燃放(煙火、鞭炮等) (3)使爆炸 (4)把……襯托得美麗 (5)使某人開始做…… 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 例句:They set off in search of the missing child. 他們出發(fā)去尋找那個(gè)丟失了的孩子。 It’s a custom for Chinese to set off firecrackers in the Spring Festival. 對于中國人來說,春節(jié)燃放鞭炮是一種風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。 The slightest movement will set off the device. 最輕微的動(dòng)作就會(huì)使這個(gè)裝置爆炸。 The red belt sets off her black dress. 那條紅色皮帶把她的黑色裙裝襯托得很美。 Whatever you say will set her off crying now. 現(xiàn)在不管你說什么都會(huì)使她哭泣。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①The funny look on the naughty boy’s face _________ laughing. A.set everybody here up B.sent everybody here up C.set everybody here off D.took everybody here off 【解析】set sb. up“使更強(qiáng)壯”;send sb. up“取笑、諷刺某人”;take sb. off“調(diào)離;帶走”;set sb. off doing sth.“使某人做某事”。根據(jù)題意選C。 【答案】C 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) ②He decided to _________ Beijing to attend the medical conference. A.set off from B.set off for C.set off D.set off to 【解析】句意為:他決定啟程去北京參加醫(yī)學(xué)大會(huì)。set off for “啟程到某地”。 【答案】B 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)三
句型 ...I don’t think I’ve ever seen anything else so beautiful in my life. ……我想我一生中從未見過這么美的景色。 句中don’t...ever...so beautiful...結(jié)構(gòu)表示最高級(jí)的意思。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 歸納拓展 下列結(jié)構(gòu)均表示最高級(jí)意義: (1)完成時(shí)+never
+so+adj./adv. so+adj.+a/an+n. such+a/an+adj.+n. (2)否定詞+so...as... (3)as...as ever (4)比較級(jí)+than+
any other+單數(shù)名詞 all the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 anyone else/any of the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 the rest of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) (5)否定詞+比較級(jí)(+than...)=最高級(jí) 例句:He has never spent a more worrying day. 他度過了極其憂心忡忡的一天。 I don’t get up so early as my mother. 我沒有像媽媽那么早起來。 China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia. 中國是亞洲最大的國家。 John did more work than anyone else. 約翰干活最多。 Nobody can do the work better than he did. 這項(xiàng)工作他做得最好。 知識(shí)要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 —It’s wrong for a student to follow ________ his teachers say. —It’s true.I can’t agree . A.whatever;more B.no matter what;more C.no matter what;much D.whatever;much 【解析】由“I can’t agree more.我再同意不過了”,可排除C、D項(xiàng);又由于no matter what不可作say的賓語,排除B項(xiàng),選A。 【答案】A