Musee d’Orsay, France

奧賽美術(shù)館，法國(guó)

Standing on the Left Bank of the Seine, this venerable Paris museum was opened in 1986 in a former Beaux-Arts railway station and hotel. The layout uses its previous incarnation to full effect – galleries cluster around the grand nave and light streams in through its sweeping glass roof. Conceived to bridge the gap between the collections of the Louvre Museum and the Pompidou Centre, it focuses on late 19th and early 20th Century art and houses the world’s largest collection of impressionist and post-impressionist paintings.

這個(gè)古老的巴黎博物館屹立于塞納河左岸，成立于1986。其前身是美術(shù)館火車站酒店。布局充分展現(xiàn)了其前身的輝煌——畫廊集中在大中堂，陽(yáng)光通過巨大的玻璃屋頂。人們?nèi)藗儼阉?dāng)作盧浮宮博物館和蓬皮杜中心之間的橋梁，它側(cè)重于十九晚期和第二十世紀(jì)早期的藝術(shù)，坐擁著世界上最大的印象派和后印象派繪畫收藏品。

National Museum of Art, Osaka

國(guó)立美術(shù)館，大阪

After the original 1970s building was demolished, a new structure designed by César Pelli opened in 2004. The majority of the museum – including its art collections – is subterranean, with only the entrance lobby above ground. For maximum wow factor, Pelli’s studio created a towering intertwining glass-and-steel entrance designed to resemble reeds along a riverbank or stalks of bamboo.

在1970年代的建筑被拆除后，新建成的版本由CésaR Pelli設(shè)計(jì)并于2004開放。博物館的大部分，包括它的藝術(shù)收藏品，都處于地下，只有入口大廳是在地面上的。最讓人眼前一亮的是，Pelli的工作室創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)高聳的纏繞型的玻璃鋼入口，形似沿河岸的蘆葦或竹子。

Guggenheim, Spain

古根海姆博物館，西班牙

The impressive building stands on the edge of the Nervión River in the old industrial heart of of the city, its glass and limestone structure clad in waves of titanium. It was an immediate sensation; among its fans, the architect Philip Johnson hailed it “the greatest building of our time”.

這座令人印象深刻的建筑矗立在Nervión河邊，該地方是城市的老工業(yè)中心，其玻璃和石灰石構(gòu)成的主體被用一波一波的鈦包裹。它一建成變立即引起了轟動(dòng)，它的粉絲種包括建筑師菲利普·約翰遜，他稱贊它是“我們的時(shí)代最偉大的建筑”。

Oscar Niemeyer Museum, Brazil

尼邁耶博物館，巴西

The museum was opened in 2002-3 and nicknamed ‘the eye’ as it resembles a giant human eye perched on a yellow pillar. The legendary Brazilian architect who designed it (and gave it his name) was a key figure in the modern movement; he was 95 when the building was completed. A 2,000 sq-ft museum space houses international art along with many of Niemeyer’s own works.

博物館成立于2002-2003，綽號(hào)為“眼睛”，它像一個(gè)巨大的人類的眼睛，棲息在一個(gè)黃色的支柱上。設(shè)計(jì)它的是一位傳奇的巴西建筑設(shè)計(jì)師，他為這座建筑冠上了自己的名字，他在現(xiàn)代主義運(yùn)動(dòng)中是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵人物；當(dāng)建筑完工時(shí)，他已經(jīng)95歲了。這個(gè)2000平方英尺的博物館房間里陳列著國(guó)際藝術(shù)，其中許多是Niemeyer的作品。

British Museum, London

大英博物館，英國(guó)

The architect Robert Smirke designed the core of the museum, which opened in 1852, in the neo-Classical style. The grand south entrance, with its impressive pediment and pillars, drew inspiration from ancient Greece. In 2000, Foster and Partners created a new Great Court, which, with its spectacular glass roof, transformed the museum’s inner courtyard into the largest covered space in Europe.

建筑師Robert Smirke設(shè)計(jì)了博物館的核心部分，該館在1852開業(yè)，其具有新古典風(fēng)格。南大門有著令人印象深刻的三角墻和柱子，其靈感來源是古希臘。在2000年，福斯特和起合作伙伴創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)新的大法院，它有著壯觀的玻璃屋頂，他們將博物館的內(nèi)部庭院改造成為歐洲最大的內(nèi)部空間。

Royal Ontario Museum, Canada

皇家安大略博物館，加拿大

This museum of natural history, art and culture is Canada’s largest, with over six million items in its collection. In addition to its original and 20th Century buildings, Studio Daniel Libeskind’s new entrance design, which opened as the Michael Lee-Chin Crystal in 2007, was described by the museum as “a distinctive new symbol for Toronto for the 21st Century”. The complex prismatic structure of glass and aluminium on a steel frame has its detractors though – in 2009 it made number 8 on a list of ‘the world’s ugliest buildings’.

該博物館的自然歷史，藝術(shù)和文化是加拿大首屈一指的，其擁有著六百萬多件收藏品。除了它是二十世紀(jì)的獨(dú)特建筑，丹尼爾·里伯斯金工作室設(shè)計(jì)的新入口，在2007年的米迦勒李秦水晶博物館對(duì)外開放，它被描述為“多倫多二十一世紀(jì)的獨(dú)特新標(biāo)志”。雖然有人批評(píng)由玻璃和鋁鋼框架組成的復(fù)雜的棱鏡結(jié)構(gòu)，但是被列為2009“世界最丑建筑“第八名。

Museo Soumaya, Mexico City

索瑪亞博物館，墨西哥市

The private cultural institution was established in 1994 and ranges across two sites – Plaza Loreto and the Plaza Carso in Mexico City. The latter, which opened in 2011, was designed by Mexican architect Fernando Romero, engineered with Ove Arup and Frank Gehry. A 151ft (46m) structure clad in 16,000 hexagonal aluminium tiles, the six-floor museum contains work predominantly from Mexico and Europe, including the largest collection of Rodin’s works outside of France. Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia.

私營(yíng)文化機(jī)構(gòu)成立于1994，其橫跨墨西哥城的洛雷托和卡索廣場(chǎng)。后者是在2011對(duì)外開放的，由墨西哥建筑師Fernando Romero設(shè)計(jì)，由Ove Arup和Frank Gehry進(jìn)行工程監(jiān)督的。其151英尺（46米）結(jié)構(gòu)是由16000六邊形鋁磚包裹而成，博物館六樓的作品主要來自墨西哥和歐洲，包括Rodin在法國(guó)以外最大的作品。

Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia

冬宮博物館，圣彼得堡 俄羅斯

One of the largest and oldest museums in the world, the Hermitage was opened in 1764 by Empress Catherine the Great and houses over three million pieces of art and cultural artefacts. The sprawling state museum complex consists of a number of buildings, including the grand green-and-white Winter Palace, the former home of the Russian Tsars. The colossal palace was designed in the main by Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli in an elaborate Baroque style.

世界上最大和最古老的博物館——冬宮，在1764，由女皇凱瑟琳在宣布開放，其擁有超過三百萬件藝術(shù)品和文物。龐大的州立博物館由許多建筑物組成，包括宏大的綠白相間的冬宮和俄羅斯沙皇的故居。巨大的宮殿基本上是由Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli設(shè)計(jì)的巴洛克風(fēng)格。

Museum of Islamic Art, Doha

伊斯蘭藝術(shù)博物館，多哈

Opening in the Qatari capital in 2008, this museum was designed by the Pritzker Prize-winning architect IM Pei. At the age of 91, Pei travelled throughout the Arab world for six months collecting inspiration for the project. The towering five-storey limestone structure perches on reclaimed land with views across the Doha waterfront and its two wings are connected by a large central courtyard. It houses a collection of Islamic art from over 1,400 years.

于2008在卡塔爾首都開放，該館是由普利茨凱獎(jiǎng)得者，貝聿銘建筑師設(shè)計(jì)。91歲時(shí)，裴在阿拉伯周游了六個(gè)月，為該項(xiàng)目收集靈感。五層高聳的石灰?guī)r結(jié)構(gòu)矗立在多哈海濱周圍的開墾地上，它的兩個(gè)翅膀由一個(gè)大的中央庭院連接。它收藏著超過1400年的伊斯蘭藝術(shù)品。

Vatican Museums, Italy

梵蒂岡博物館，意大利

The Vatican City’s museums were opened by Pope Julius II in the 16th Century; its complex contains 52 galleries and is one of the largest museums in the world. The museum’s collection of religious sculpture and painting includes works by Raphael, Titian and Caravaggio. Its rooms include the Gallery of Maps and the Gallery of Tapestries and its very last sala is the magnificent Sistine Chapel, its walls decorated with works by artists including Perugino and Botticelli and the vaulted ceiling painted by Michelangelo.

梵蒂岡博物館由教皇尤利烏斯二世在16世紀(jì)宣布開放。它的建筑群包含52個(gè)畫廊，是世界上最大的博物館之一。該館收藏著宗教雕塑和繪畫，包括拉斐爾、提香和卡拉瓦喬的作品。它的房間包括地圖和織錦畫廊，其最后的大廳是華麗的西斯廷教堂。它的墻面上裝飾著藝術(shù)家佩魯吉諾和波提且利的作品，拱形的天花板上有著米切朗基羅的作品。

Musee d’Orsay, France

奧賽美術(shù)館，法國(guó)

Standing on the Left Bank of the Seine, this venerable Paris museum was opened in 1986 in a former Beaux-Arts railway station and hotel. The layout uses its previous incarnation to full effect – galleries cluster around the grand nave and light streams in through its sweeping glass roof. Conceived to bridge the gap between the collections of the Louvre Museum and the Pompidou Centre, it focuses on late 19th and early 20th Century art and houses the world’s largest collection of impressionist and post-impressionist paintings.

這個(gè)古老的巴黎博物館屹立于塞納河左岸，成立于1986。其前身是美術(shù)館火車站酒店。布局充分展現(xiàn)了其前身的輝煌——畫廊集中在大中堂，陽(yáng)光通過巨大的玻璃屋頂。人們?nèi)藗儼阉?dāng)作盧浮宮博物館和蓬皮杜中心之間的橋梁，它側(cè)重于十九晚期和第二十世紀(jì)早期的藝術(shù)，坐擁著世界上最大的印象派和后印象派繪畫收藏品。

National Museum of Art, Osaka

國(guó)立美術(shù)館，大阪

After the original 1970s building was demolished, a new structure designed by César Pelli opened in 2004. The majority of the museum – including its art collections – is subterranean, with only the entrance lobby above ground. For maximum wow factor, Pelli’s studio created a towering intertwining glass-and-steel entrance designed to resemble reeds along a riverbank or stalks of bamboo.

在1970年代的建筑被拆除后，新建成的版本由CésaR Pelli設(shè)計(jì)并于2004開放。博物館的大部分，包括它的藝術(shù)收藏品，都處于地下，只有入口大廳是在地面上的。最讓人眼前一亮的是，Pelli的工作室創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)高聳的纏繞型的玻璃鋼入口，形似沿河岸的蘆葦或竹子。

Guggenheim, Spain

古根海姆博物館，西班牙

The impressive building stands on the edge of the Nervión River in the old industrial heart of of the city, its glass and limestone structure clad in waves of titanium. It was an immediate sensation; among its fans, the architect Philip Johnson hailed it “the greatest building of our time”.

這座令人印象深刻的建筑矗立在Nervión河邊，該地方是城市的老工業(yè)中心，其玻璃和石灰石構(gòu)成的主體被用一波一波的鈦包裹。它一建成變立即引起了轟動(dòng)，它的粉絲種包括建筑師菲利普·約翰遜，他稱贊它是“我們的時(shí)代最偉大的建筑”。

Oscar Niemeyer Museum, Brazil

尼邁耶博物館，巴西

The museum was opened in 2002-3 and nicknamed ‘the eye’ as it resembles a giant human eye perched on a yellow pillar. The legendary Brazilian architect who designed it (and gave it his name) was a key figure in the modern movement; he was 95 when the building was completed. A 2,000 sq-ft museum space houses international art along with many of Niemeyer’s own works.

博物館成立于2002-2003，綽號(hào)為“眼睛”，它像一個(gè)巨大的人類的眼睛，棲息在一個(gè)黃色的支柱上。設(shè)計(jì)它的是一位傳奇的巴西建筑設(shè)計(jì)師，他為這座建筑冠上了自己的名字，他在現(xiàn)代主義運(yùn)動(dòng)中是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵人物；當(dāng)建筑完工時(shí)，他已經(jīng)95歲了。這個(gè)2000平方英尺的博物館房間里陳列著國(guó)際藝術(shù)，其中許多是Niemeyer的作品。

British Museum, London

大英博物館，英國(guó)

The architect Robert Smirke designed the core of the museum, which opened in 1852, in the neo-Classical style. The grand south entrance, with its impressive pediment and pillars, drew inspiration from ancient Greece. In 2000, Foster and Partners created a new Great Court, which, with its spectacular glass roof, transformed the museum’s inner courtyard into the largest covered space in Europe.

建筑師Robert Smirke設(shè)計(jì)了博物館的核心部分，該館在1852開業(yè)，其具有新古典風(fēng)格。南大門有著令人印象深刻的三角墻和柱子，其靈感來源是古希臘。在2000年，福斯特和起合作伙伴創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)新的大法院，它有著壯觀的玻璃屋頂，他們將博物館的內(nèi)部庭院改造成為歐洲最大的內(nèi)部空間。

Royal Ontario Museum, Canada

皇家安大略博物館，加拿大

This museum of natural history, art and culture is Canada’s largest, with over six million items in its collection. In addition to its original and 20th Century buildings, Studio Daniel Libeskind’s new entrance design, which opened as the Michael Lee-Chin Crystal in 2007, was described by the museum as “a distinctive new symbol for Toronto for the 21st Century”. The complex prismatic structure of glass and aluminium on a steel frame has its detractors though – in 2009 it made number 8 on a list of ‘the world’s ugliest buildings’.

該博物館的自然歷史，藝術(shù)和文化是加拿大首屈一指的，其擁有著六百萬多件收藏品。除了它是二十世紀(jì)的獨(dú)特建筑，丹尼爾·里伯斯金工作室設(shè)計(jì)的新入口，在2007年的米迦勒李秦水晶博物館對(duì)外開放，它被描述為“多倫多二十一世紀(jì)的獨(dú)特新標(biāo)志”。雖然有人批評(píng)由玻璃和鋁鋼框架組成的復(fù)雜的棱鏡結(jié)構(gòu)，但是被列為2009“世界最丑建筑“第八名。

Museo Soumaya, Mexico City

索瑪亞博物館，墨西哥市

The private cultural institution was established in 1994 and ranges across two sites – Plaza Loreto and the Plaza Carso in Mexico City. The latter, which opened in 2011, was designed by Mexican architect Fernando Romero, engineered with Ove Arup and Frank Gehry. A 151ft (46m) structure clad in 16,000 hexagonal aluminium tiles, the six-floor museum contains work predominantly from Mexico and Europe, including the largest collection of Rodin’s works outside of France. Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia.

私營(yíng)文化機(jī)構(gòu)成立于1994，其橫跨墨西哥城的洛雷托和卡索廣場(chǎng)。后者是在2011對(duì)外開放的，由墨西哥建筑師Fernando Romero設(shè)計(jì)，由Ove Arup和Frank Gehry進(jìn)行工程監(jiān)督的。其151英尺（46米）結(jié)構(gòu)是由16000六邊形鋁磚包裹而成，博物館六樓的作品主要來自墨西哥和歐洲，包括Rodin在法國(guó)以外最大的作品。

Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg, Russia

冬宮博物館，圣彼得堡 俄羅斯

One of the largest and oldest museums in the world, the Hermitage was opened in 1764 by Empress Catherine the Great and houses over three million pieces of art and cultural artefacts. The sprawling state museum complex consists of a number of buildings, including the grand green-and-white Winter Palace, the former home of the Russian Tsars. The colossal palace was designed in the main by Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli in an elaborate Baroque style.

世界上最大和最古老的博物館——冬宮，在1764，由女皇凱瑟琳在宣布開放，其擁有超過三百萬件藝術(shù)品和文物。龐大的州立博物館由許多建筑物組成，包括宏大的綠白相間的冬宮和俄羅斯沙皇的故居。巨大的宮殿基本上是由Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli設(shè)計(jì)的巴洛克風(fēng)格。

Museum of Islamic Art, Doha

伊斯蘭藝術(shù)博物館，多哈

Opening in the Qatari capital in 2008, this museum was designed by the Pritzker Prize-winning architect IM Pei. At the age of 91, Pei travelled throughout the Arab world for six months collecting inspiration for the project. The towering five-storey limestone structure perches on reclaimed land with views across the Doha waterfront and its two wings are connected by a large central courtyard. It houses a collection of Islamic art from over 1,400 years.

于2008在卡塔爾首都開放，該館是由普利茨凱獎(jiǎng)得者，貝聿銘建筑師設(shè)計(jì)。91歲時(shí)，裴在阿拉伯周游了六個(gè)月，為該項(xiàng)目收集靈感。五層高聳的石灰?guī)r結(jié)構(gòu)矗立在多哈海濱周圍的開墾地上，它的兩個(gè)翅膀由一個(gè)大的中央庭院連接。它收藏著超過1400年的伊斯蘭藝術(shù)品。

Vatican Museums, Italy

梵蒂岡博物館，意大利

The Vatican City’s museums were opened by Pope Julius II in the 16th Century; its complex contains 52 galleries and is one of the largest museums in the world. The museum’s collection of religious sculpture and painting includes works by Raphael, Titian and Caravaggio. Its rooms include the Gallery of Maps and the Gallery of Tapestries and its very last sala is the magnificent Sistine Chapel, its walls decorated with works by artists including Perugino and Botticelli and the vaulted ceiling painted by Michelangelo.

梵蒂岡博物館由教皇尤利烏斯二世在16世紀(jì)宣布開放。它的建筑群包含52個(gè)畫廊，是世界上最大的博物館之一。該館收藏著宗教雕塑和繪畫，包括拉斐爾、提香和卡拉瓦喬的作品。它的房間包括地圖和織錦畫廊，其最后的大廳是華麗的西斯廷教堂。它的墻面上裝飾著藝術(shù)家佩魯吉諾和波提且利的作品，拱形的天花板上有著米切朗基羅的作品。