六級沖刺備考的翻譯技巧(20)
47. Unless they succeed,the yield gains of the Green Revolution will be largely lost even if the genes in legumes that equip those plants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers are identified and isolated,and even if the transfer of those gene complexes,once they are found, becomes possible. (4) 除非他們能取得成功,不然的話,綠色革命的產量收益將在很大程度上損失殆盡,即使豆科植物中使這些植物有條件進入到與固氮細菌共生關系的基因可被辨識出來和分離開來的話,且即使這些基因綜合體(gene complex),一旦被發現之后,其移植得以成為可能的話。 難句類型:復雜修飾、插入語 解釋:主句比較簡單,而后面跟著的由and連接的兩個表示讓步的條件狀語從句就相對復雜,第一個從句是用一個修飾主語的定語從句that equip those plants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers把主謂隔開;第二個從句則運用了插入語once they are found把主謂隔開。 意群訓練:Unless they succeed,the yield gains of the Green Revolution will be largely lost even if the genes in legumes that equip those plants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers are identified and isolated,and even if the transfer of those gene complexes,once they are found, becomes possible. 48. Its subject(to use Maynard Macks categories)is life-as-spectacle, for readers,diverted by its various incidents,observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without;the tragic Iliad,however,presents life-as-experience:readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilles,whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero. (5) 其主題〔若借鑒梅納德。邁克(Maynard Mack)的兩個分類范疇的話〕是人生作為外部景象,因為讀者的注意力被作品那形形色色的事件分散,主要是從外部來觀察其主人公奧德修斯(Odyssus)的;然而,富于悲劇色彩的《伊利亞特》表現的則是人生作為內心體驗:讀者被要求與阿基琉斯(Achilles)的心靈產生共鳴,而其行為動機卻致使他變作一個并非特別惹人喜愛的主人公。 (從分號后的語句推理出前面的意思) 注:hero:主人公;without:外部;likable:有吸引力的 難句類型;復雜修飾、插入語、抽象詞、熟詞僻義 請思考:如果看不懂分號前的without的意思,是否可以用合理化原則根據分號后的那句話推理出其意思? 版解釋:本句中盡管也存在一些復雜修飾和插入的內容,但是本句話之以難懂,與其說是因為這些東西的影響,倒不如說是因為用詞的抽象和語義的難以理解。作為一篇文學評論型的文章,文章中充斥著一些很抽象的詞匯;本句話中就有subject/category/spectacle/divert/incident/hero/primarily/without/present/identify/motivation/particularly/likable等。背過這些單詞的中文釋義,并不意味著在閱讀中能夠清楚地理解其真正含義。對于抽象詞的訓練方法,請參見附錄中<閱讀抽象詞提速法>。這里僅解釋幾個對于這句話最重要的單詞: hero:在此不是指英雄,在文學評論型的文章當中,此單詞的意思是主人公。 Without:在此處是一個熟詞僻義,意思是外部,等于outside。 Likable:不可望文生義,它不是像什么東西的意思,而是有吸引力的意思,其同義詞有pleasant或attractive.本句中,對于理解全句起到最大影響的,就是能否正確理解without這個單詞,然而問題在于,如果不認識without的熟詞僻義,是否可用合理化原則根據分號后的那句話推理出其意思?根據緊跟著分別的however,我們可以推斷出分號前后的兩句話說的內容截然相反,因此可以從I戲劇的描述中推出,without的意思應該是不去認同其主人公的內心世界。 意群訓練:Its subject(to use Maynard Macks categories)is life-as-spectacle, for readers, diverted by its various incidents,observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without;the tragic Iliad,however,presents life-as-experience:readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilles,whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero.
47. Unless they succeed,the yield gains of the Green Revolution will be largely lost even if the genes in legumes that equip those plants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers are identified and isolated,and even if the transfer of those gene complexes,once they are found, becomes possible. (4) 除非他們能取得成功,不然的話,綠色革命的產量收益將在很大程度上損失殆盡,即使豆科植物中使這些植物有條件進入到與固氮細菌共生關系的基因可被辨識出來和分離開來的話,且即使這些基因綜合體(gene complex),一旦被發現之后,其移植得以成為可能的話。 難句類型:復雜修飾、插入語 解釋:主句比較簡單,而后面跟著的由and連接的兩個表示讓步的條件狀語從句就相對復雜,第一個從句是用一個修飾主語的定語從句that equip those plants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers把主謂隔開;第二個從句則運用了插入語once they are found把主謂隔開。 意群訓練:Unless they succeed,the yield gains of the Green Revolution will be largely lost even if the genes in legumes that equip those plants to enter into a symbiosis with nitrogen fixers are identified and isolated,and even if the transfer of those gene complexes,once they are found, becomes possible. 48. Its subject(to use Maynard Macks categories)is life-as-spectacle, for readers,diverted by its various incidents,observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without;the tragic Iliad,however,presents life-as-experience:readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilles,whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero. (5) 其主題〔若借鑒梅納德。邁克(Maynard Mack)的兩個分類范疇的話〕是人生作為外部景象,因為讀者的注意力被作品那形形色色的事件分散,主要是從外部來觀察其主人公奧德修斯(Odyssus)的;然而,富于悲劇色彩的《伊利亞特》表現的則是人生作為內心體驗:讀者被要求與阿基琉斯(Achilles)的心靈產生共鳴,而其行為動機卻致使他變作一個并非特別惹人喜愛的主人公。 (從分號后的語句推理出前面的意思) 注:hero:主人公;without:外部;likable:有吸引力的 難句類型;復雜修飾、插入語、抽象詞、熟詞僻義 請思考:如果看不懂分號前的without的意思,是否可以用合理化原則根據分號后的那句話推理出其意思? 版解釋:本句中盡管也存在一些復雜修飾和插入的內容,但是本句話之以難懂,與其說是因為這些東西的影響,倒不如說是因為用詞的抽象和語義的難以理解。作為一篇文學評論型的文章,文章中充斥著一些很抽象的詞匯;本句話中就有subject/category/spectacle/divert/incident/hero/primarily/without/present/identify/motivation/particularly/likable等。背過這些單詞的中文釋義,并不意味著在閱讀中能夠清楚地理解其真正含義。對于抽象詞的訓練方法,請參見附錄中<閱讀抽象詞提速法>。這里僅解釋幾個對于這句話最重要的單詞: hero:在此不是指英雄,在文學評論型的文章當中,此單詞的意思是主人公。 Without:在此處是一個熟詞僻義,意思是外部,等于outside。 Likable:不可望文生義,它不是像什么東西的意思,而是有吸引力的意思,其同義詞有pleasant或attractive.本句中,對于理解全句起到最大影響的,就是能否正確理解without這個單詞,然而問題在于,如果不認識without的熟詞僻義,是否可用合理化原則根據分號后的那句話推理出其意思?根據緊跟著分別的however,我們可以推斷出分號前后的兩句話說的內容截然相反,因此可以從I戲劇的描述中推出,without的意思應該是不去認同其主人公的內心世界。 意群訓練:Its subject(to use Maynard Macks categories)is life-as-spectacle, for readers, diverted by its various incidents,observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without;the tragic Iliad,however,presents life-as-experience:readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilles,whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero.