Signing off an email to a colleague with a chirpy smiley might be more contentious than you think.

你可能沒(méi)想到，在發(fā)給同事的郵件中使用調(diào)皮的笑臉表情會(huì)引發(fā)這么大的爭(zhēng)議。

Including smiley faces or similarly perky emojis may undermine information sharing and imply professional ineptitude, according to a new study by researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel.

根據(jù)以色列內(nèi)蓋夫本古里安大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究，笑臉或者類(lèi)似的逗趣表情可能會(huì)影響收件人分享工作信息的意愿，且給人留下不專(zhuān)業(yè)的印象。

"Our findings provide first-time evidence that, contrary to actual smiles, smileys do not increase perceptions of warmth and actually decrease perceptions of competence," revealed Dr Ella Gilkson.

艾拉?吉爾科森博士表示：“我們的研究結(jié)果首次證明，與真正的微笑相反，笑臉表情不會(huì)給收件人更溫暖的感覺(jué)，還會(huì)令他們對(duì)發(fā)件人的能力評(píng)判打折扣?！?/p>

"In formal business e-mails, a smiley is not a smile," the post-doctorate fellow in management revealed.

這位管理學(xué)博士后表示：“在正式的商務(wù)郵件中，笑臉表情不等于微笑?！?/p>

Researchers from BGU, the University of Haifa and Amsterdam University conducted a series of experiments with 549 participants, hailing from 29 different countries, according to a paper published in the journal Social Psychological and Personality Science.

《社會(huì)心理學(xué)與人格科學(xué)》期刊刊登的論文顯示，本古里安大學(xué)、海法大學(xué)和阿姆斯特丹大學(xué)的研究人員對(duì)來(lái)自29個(gè)國(guó)家的549名參與者進(jìn)行了一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)。

Participants were each required to read similar work-related emails from a stranger and subsequently evaluate their warmth and professional competence. Some of these included smileys, others didn’t.

每名參與者都需要閱讀陌生人發(fā)來(lái)的相似的工作郵件，然后評(píng)估對(duì)方的熱情程度和專(zhuān)業(yè)能力。這些郵件有的包含笑臉表情，有的沒(méi)有。

Surprisingly, they found that the inclusion of smiley emojis had no impact on people’s perceptions of warmth and lowered their perceptions of competence.

令人驚訝的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)笑臉表情不會(huì)影響收件人感受到的熱情程度，不過(guò)會(huì)對(duì)發(fā)件人留給對(duì)方的專(zhuān)業(yè)印象有不利影響。

"The study also found that when the participants were asked to respond to e-mails on formal matters, their answers were more detailed and they included more content-related information when the e-mail did not include a smiley," explained Dr. Glikson.

吉爾克森解釋道：“研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，參與者應(yīng)要求回復(fù)公務(wù)郵件時(shí)，當(dāng)電子郵件不包含笑臉?lè)?hào)時(shí)，他們會(huì)提供更詳細(xì)、更相關(guān)的信息?！?/p>

"We found that the perceptions of low competence if a smiley is included in turn undermined information sharing," she said.

“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果電子郵件中含有笑臉?lè)?hào)，那么他們會(huì)感到對(duì)方不專(zhuān)業(yè)，這會(huì)破壞他們分享信息的意愿?！?/p>

The study even showed that there's a glimmer of sexism in emoji usage.

研究還表明，使用表情符號(hào)還有一絲性別歧視的意味。

It revealed that when the gender of the email sender was unknown, recipients were more likely to presume that an email which included a smiley icon was sent by a woman.

研究透露，當(dāng)發(fā)件人的性別未知時(shí)，收件人更傾向于認(rèn)為含有笑臉?lè)?hào)的電子郵件發(fā)送者是女性。

Signing off an email to a colleague with a chirpy smiley might be more contentious than you think.

你可能沒(méi)想到，在發(fā)給同事的郵件中使用調(diào)皮的笑臉表情會(huì)引發(fā)這么大的爭(zhēng)議。

Including smiley faces or similarly perky emojis may undermine information sharing and imply professional ineptitude, according to a new study by researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev in Israel.

根據(jù)以色列內(nèi)蓋夫本古里安大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究，笑臉或者類(lèi)似的逗趣表情可能會(huì)影響收件人分享工作信息的意愿，且給人留下不專(zhuān)業(yè)的印象。

"Our findings provide first-time evidence that, contrary to actual smiles, smileys do not increase perceptions of warmth and actually decrease perceptions of competence," revealed Dr Ella Gilkson.

艾拉?吉爾科森博士表示：“我們的研究結(jié)果首次證明，與真正的微笑相反，笑臉表情不會(huì)給收件人更溫暖的感覺(jué)，還會(huì)令他們對(duì)發(fā)件人的能力評(píng)判打折扣?！?/p>

"In formal business e-mails, a smiley is not a smile," the post-doctorate fellow in management revealed.

這位管理學(xué)博士后表示：“在正式的商務(wù)郵件中，笑臉表情不等于微笑?！?/p>

Researchers from BGU, the University of Haifa and Amsterdam University conducted a series of experiments with 549 participants, hailing from 29 different countries, according to a paper published in the journal Social Psychological and Personality Science.

《社會(huì)心理學(xué)與人格科學(xué)》期刊刊登的論文顯示，本古里安大學(xué)、海法大學(xué)和阿姆斯特丹大學(xué)的研究人員對(duì)來(lái)自29個(gè)國(guó)家的549名參與者進(jìn)行了一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)。

Participants were each required to read similar work-related emails from a stranger and subsequently evaluate their warmth and professional competence. Some of these included smileys, others didn’t.

每名參與者都需要閱讀陌生人發(fā)來(lái)的相似的工作郵件，然后評(píng)估對(duì)方的熱情程度和專(zhuān)業(yè)能力。這些郵件有的包含笑臉表情，有的沒(méi)有。

Surprisingly, they found that the inclusion of smiley emojis had no impact on people’s perceptions of warmth and lowered their perceptions of competence.

令人驚訝的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)笑臉表情不會(huì)影響收件人感受到的熱情程度，不過(guò)會(huì)對(duì)發(fā)件人留給對(duì)方的專(zhuān)業(yè)印象有不利影響。

"The study also found that when the participants were asked to respond to e-mails on formal matters, their answers were more detailed and they included more content-related information when the e-mail did not include a smiley," explained Dr. Glikson.

吉爾克森解釋道：“研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，參與者應(yīng)要求回復(fù)公務(wù)郵件時(shí)，當(dāng)電子郵件不包含笑臉?lè)?hào)時(shí)，他們會(huì)提供更詳細(xì)、更相關(guān)的信息?！?/p>

"We found that the perceptions of low competence if a smiley is included in turn undermined information sharing," she said.

“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果電子郵件中含有笑臉?lè)?hào)，那么他們會(huì)感到對(duì)方不專(zhuān)業(yè)，這會(huì)破壞他們分享信息的意愿?！?/p>

The study even showed that there's a glimmer of sexism in emoji usage.

研究還表明，使用表情符號(hào)還有一絲性別歧視的意味。

It revealed that when the gender of the email sender was unknown, recipients were more likely to presume that an email which included a smiley icon was sent by a woman.

研究透露，當(dāng)發(fā)件人的性別未知時(shí)，收件人更傾向于認(rèn)為含有笑臉?lè)?hào)的電子郵件發(fā)送者是女性。