專題三

　　議論文型語法填空

　　專題三　議論文型語法填空

　　　專題導讀 專題三 │專題導讀

　　議論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發(fā)表見解或提出主張的說理性文章。議論文的目的不僅是客觀地解釋事物，而且還力圖說服讀者相信并接受某一觀點。

　　議論文有自己的語言特點，了解了文章整體意思后，要通過字里行間的意思推斷作者的觀點、意圖和立場(同意什么，反對什么，喜好什么，憎惡什么，主張什么等)，這種理解直接決定你的填詞。要仔細復讀全文，關(guān)注自己所填的詞語是否符合原意，從語意連貫、邏輯合理的角度，認真復查答案的合理性和正確性。 　典例導練 專題三 │典例導練 【2011·湖南卷改編】Does going to college really pay off？Certainly! I remember taking __1__ English class in college on the short story.Our first assignment was to read __2__ short stories and then discuss which one was better.After __3__(read)both，I wasn’t sure.Over the __4__ several months, my professor taught me __5__ one story was so much better than the other.__6__ was rich in metaphor(隱喻)and character development, __7__ the other was humorous __8__ too shallow.I couldn’t see this at first.Yet,

　　專題三 │典例導練 in a few months, my brain got reeducated and __9__ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level. Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads __10__ greater success in one’s life. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專題三 │典例導練

　　【解析】 1．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞。class此處為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，其前須用冠詞。再根據(jù)此處表泛指，而English是以元音音素開頭，故填an。

　　2．two　考查數(shù)詞。根據(jù)本句中“which one was better”以及下文“After … both”中both的提示可推斷此處表示“兩個短篇故事”，故填two。

　　3．reading　考查動名詞。after 是介詞，括號中所給詞是動詞，故只能填動名詞reading。

　　4．next　考查形容詞。根據(jù)該空修飾名詞months，應(yīng)填形容詞，再由語境可知，此處表示“在接下來的幾個月”，故填next。

　　5．why　考查名詞性從句引導詞。根據(jù)上文“discuss which one was better”可推斷，教授是給我們講解為什么其中一個故事要比另一個故事好，故填why。 專題三 │典例導練

　　6．One　考查不定代詞。由語境可知，故事有兩個，再根據(jù)習慣搭配“one...the other...”可推斷填One。

　　7．while　考查并列連詞，while表示前后對比的意思。

　　8．but　考查連詞。根據(jù)“humorous”和“too shallow”在邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可推斷，此處填連詞but連接兩個形容詞。

　　9．I　考查人稱代詞。根據(jù)該空在句中作主語可判斷應(yīng)填名詞或代詞。結(jié)合語境可知該空應(yīng)指作者本人，故填I(lǐng)。

　　10．to　考查介詞。lead to為固定搭配，意為“導致”。 專題三 │ 新題預測 (一) The following words were written on the tomb of an Anglican Bishop(主教) in the Crypts of Westminster Abbey(西敏寺):

　　When I was young and free and my__1__(imagine) had no limits, I dreamed of changing the world.__2__ I grew older and wiser, I discovered the world would not change, so I __3__ (short) my sights somewhat and decided to change only my country. But __4__， too, seemed immovable. 　新題預測 專題三 │ 新題預測 As I grew __5__ my twilight years (晚年), in one last desperate attempt, I settled for changing only my family，those __6__(close) to me, __7__alas, they would have __8__ of it.And now as I lie on my deathbed, I suddenly realize: If I had only changed myself first, then by example I __9__ (change) my family. From their inspiration and encouragement, I would then have been able __10__(better) my country and, who knows, I may have even changed the world. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________

　　專題三 │ 新題預測 【解析】改變世界從改變自己開始，因為在我們改變自己的同時也潛移默化地影響著家庭。在他們的鼓舞和激勵下，我們可能會使我們的國家變得更美好，從某種角度來看，也正改變著世界。

　　1．imagination　在形容詞性物主代詞后要用名詞形式。

　　2．As　表示“隨著”，要用as引導時間狀語從句。

　　3．shortened　作謂語要用動詞，由上下文可知，要用一般過去時。

　　4．it　替代前文中的to change only my country。

　　5．into　表示“長成”用grow into。

　　6．closest　“家人”是“最親近的人”。

　　專題三 │ 新題預測

　　7．but　前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

　　8．none　have none of (＝refuse to accept)意為“不接受，不理睬”。

　　9．would have changed　與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。

　　10．to better　固定搭配：be able to do。 專題三 │ 新題預測 (二) Lao Tzu was traveling with his followers.They came to a forest __1__ hundreds of woodcutters were cutting the trees.__2__ whole forest had been cut except for one big tree __3__ thousands of branches.It was so big __4__ 10,000 persons could sit in its shade. Lao Tzu told his followers __5__ (go) and ask why this tree had not been cut.They went and asked the woodcutters and they said, “This tree is absolutely __6__(use)．You cannot make anything out of it because every branch has so many knots in it—nothing is straight.You cannot use it as fuel because the smoke is 專題三 │ 新題預測 dangerous __7__ the eyes.This tree is absolutely useless, and that’s __8__ we haven’t cut it.” The followers came back and told Lao Tzu.He laughed and said, “Be like this tree.If you are useful you will be cut and you will become furniture in somebody’s house.If you are beautiful you __9__ (sell) in the market.Be like this tree, and you will grow big and vast and thousands of people will find shade under __10__ .” 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________

　　專題三 │ 新題預測 【解析】老子與門徒來到森林邊，林木被伐盡，只有一棵樹因“無用”而幸存下來，長成參天大樹。

　　1．where　引導定語從句，where在句中作地點狀語。

　　2．The　特指整個森林，用定冠詞。

　　3．with　介詞短語作后置定語，with意為“帶有，具有”。

　　4．that　引導結(jié)果狀語從句，so...that...意為“如此……以致……”。

　　專題三 │ 新題預測

　　5．to go　tell sb.to do sth.意為“叫某人做某事”。

　　6．useless　根據(jù)下文可知，此樹無用才沒被砍伐，所以填形容詞useless。

　　7．to　be dangerous to意為“對……有危險”。

　　8．why　引導表語從句，意為“……的原因”。

　　9．will be sold　

　　10．you

　　專題三

　　議論文型語法填空

　　專題三　議論文型語法填空

　　　專題導讀 專題三 │專題導讀

　　議論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發(fā)表見解或提出主張的說理性文章。議論文的目的不僅是客觀地解釋事物，而且還力圖說服讀者相信并接受某一觀點。

　　議論文有自己的語言特點，了解了文章整體意思后，要通過字里行間的意思推斷作者的觀點、意圖和立場(同意什么，反對什么，喜好什么，憎惡什么，主張什么等)，這種理解直接決定你的填詞。要仔細復讀全文，關(guān)注自己所填的詞語是否符合原意，從語意連貫、邏輯合理的角度，認真復查答案的合理性和正確性。 　典例導練 專題三 │典例導練 【2011·湖南卷改編】Does going to college really pay off？Certainly! I remember taking __1__ English class in college on the short story.Our first assignment was to read __2__ short stories and then discuss which one was better.After __3__(read)both，I wasn’t sure.Over the __4__ several months, my professor taught me __5__ one story was so much better than the other.__6__ was rich in metaphor(隱喻)and character development, __7__ the other was humorous __8__ too shallow.I couldn’t see this at first.Yet,

　　專題三 │典例導練 in a few months, my brain got reeducated and __9__ could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level. Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads __10__ greater success in one’s life. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 專題三 │典例導練

　　【解析】 1．a(chǎn)n　考查冠詞。class此處為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式，其前須用冠詞。再根據(jù)此處表泛指，而English是以元音音素開頭，故填an。

　　2．two　考查數(shù)詞。根據(jù)本句中“which one was better”以及下文“After … both”中both的提示可推斷此處表示“兩個短篇故事”，故填two。

　　3．reading　考查動名詞。after 是介詞，括號中所給詞是動詞，故只能填動名詞reading。

　　4．next　考查形容詞。根據(jù)該空修飾名詞months，應(yīng)填形容詞，再由語境可知，此處表示“在接下來的幾個月”，故填next。

　　5．why　考查名詞性從句引導詞。根據(jù)上文“discuss which one was better”可推斷，教授是給我們講解為什么其中一個故事要比另一個故事好，故填why。 專題三 │典例導練

　　6．One　考查不定代詞。由語境可知，故事有兩個，再根據(jù)習慣搭配“one...the other...”可推斷填One。

　　7．while　考查并列連詞，while表示前后對比的意思。

　　8．but　考查連詞。根據(jù)“humorous”和“too shallow”在邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可推斷，此處填連詞but連接兩個形容詞。

　　9．I　考查人稱代詞。根據(jù)該空在句中作主語可判斷應(yīng)填名詞或代詞。結(jié)合語境可知該空應(yīng)指作者本人，故填I(lǐng)。

　　10．to　考查介詞。lead to為固定搭配，意為“導致”。 專題三 │ 新題預測 (一) The following words were written on the tomb of an Anglican Bishop(主教) in the Crypts of Westminster Abbey(西敏寺):

　　When I was young and free and my__1__(imagine) had no limits, I dreamed of changing the world.__2__ I grew older and wiser, I discovered the world would not change, so I __3__ (short) my sights somewhat and decided to change only my country. But __4__， too, seemed immovable. 　新題預測 專題三 │ 新題預測 As I grew __5__ my twilight years (晚年), in one last desperate attempt, I settled for changing only my family，those __6__(close) to me, __7__alas, they would have __8__ of it.And now as I lie on my deathbed, I suddenly realize: If I had only changed myself first, then by example I __9__ (change) my family. From their inspiration and encouragement, I would then have been able __10__(better) my country and, who knows, I may have even changed the world. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________

　　專題三 │ 新題預測 【解析】改變世界從改變自己開始，因為在我們改變自己的同時也潛移默化地影響著家庭。在他們的鼓舞和激勵下，我們可能會使我們的國家變得更美好，從某種角度來看，也正改變著世界。

　　1．imagination　在形容詞性物主代詞后要用名詞形式。

　　2．As　表示“隨著”，要用as引導時間狀語從句。

　　3．shortened　作謂語要用動詞，由上下文可知，要用一般過去時。

　　4．it　替代前文中的to change only my country。

　　5．into　表示“長成”用grow into。

　　6．closest　“家人”是“最親近的人”。

　　專題三 │ 新題預測

　　7．but　前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。

　　8．none　have none of (＝refuse to accept)意為“不接受，不理睬”。

　　9．would have changed　與過去事實相反的虛擬語氣。

　　10．to better　固定搭配：be able to do。 專題三 │ 新題預測 (二) Lao Tzu was traveling with his followers.They came to a forest __1__ hundreds of woodcutters were cutting the trees.__2__ whole forest had been cut except for one big tree __3__ thousands of branches.It was so big __4__ 10,000 persons could sit in its shade. Lao Tzu told his followers __5__ (go) and ask why this tree had not been cut.They went and asked the woodcutters and they said, “This tree is absolutely __6__(use)．You cannot make anything out of it because every branch has so many knots in it—nothing is straight.You cannot use it as fuel because the smoke is 專題三 │ 新題預測 dangerous __7__ the eyes.This tree is absolutely useless, and that’s __8__ we haven’t cut it.” The followers came back and told Lao Tzu.He laughed and said, “Be like this tree.If you are useful you will be cut and you will become furniture in somebody’s house.If you are beautiful you __9__ (sell) in the market.Be like this tree, and you will grow big and vast and thousands of people will find shade under __10__ .” 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________

　　專題三 │ 新題預測 【解析】老子與門徒來到森林邊，林木被伐盡，只有一棵樹因“無用”而幸存下來，長成參天大樹。

　　1．where　引導定語從句，where在句中作地點狀語。

　　2．The　特指整個森林，用定冠詞。

　　3．with　介詞短語作后置定語，with意為“帶有，具有”。

　　4．that　引導結(jié)果狀語從句，so...that...意為“如此……以致……”。

　　專題三 │ 新題預測

　　5．to go　tell sb.to do sth.意為“叫某人做某事”。

　　6．useless　根據(jù)下文可知，此樹無用才沒被砍伐，所以填形容詞useless。

　　7．to　be dangerous to意為“對……有危險”。

　　8．why　引導表語從句，意為“……的原因”。

　　9．will be sold　

　　10．you