(1)名詞與介詞的固定搭配 ①要求用to的名詞：key, answer, visit, apology, introduction, attitude, monument, devotion, journey, entrance等。 ②要求用in的名詞：interest, expert等。 ③要求用on的名詞：mercy, congratulations, effect等。 ④要求用其他介詞的名詞：prize(for)，respect(for)，victory(over), struggle(with)，excuse(for)，(for)fear(of)等。

　　2．介詞與某些詞類的搭配 (2)形容詞與介詞的固定搭配 ①要求用at的形容詞：afraid, angry, good, bad, clever, surprised, excited, puzzled, frightened等。 ②要求用of的形容詞：afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy等。 ③要求用with的形容詞：angry, strict, careful, busy, popular, patient等。 ④要求用in的形容詞：weak, strict, rich, interested, successful, slow等。 ⑤要求用to的形容詞：next, good, polite, kind, cruel, rude, known, married, close, similar, due等。 ⑥要求用for的形容詞：sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious, hungry等。 ⑦要求用from的形容詞：far, different, free, safe, absent等。 ⑧要求用about的形容詞：sorry, worried, curious, anxious, sure, certain等。 ?

　　名 師 招 招 鮮 介詞是英語(yǔ)中最活躍的詞類之一，使用頻率相當(dāng)高，用法多而雜。一個(gè)介詞有多種不同的用法，一個(gè)相近的意思又可以用不同的介詞表示。所以必須逐一學(xué)會(huì)每個(gè)介詞的用法，弄清楚易混介詞的用法異同，能夠根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和交際條件靈活運(yùn)用介詞并能搞清介詞的基本用法。此外，介詞與動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配也不能忽視。

　　* (2011·北京卷)With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________color. A．by

　　B．for

　　C．with

　　D．in 答案　D　[in color“用彩色”。]

　　熱點(diǎn)5·3 Ⅰ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空一詞) ①He went to Beijing by car.

　　He went to Beijing ________ ________ ________． ②I prefer to travel by ship.

　　I prefer to travel ________ ________． 用by, over, in, on填空 ③This form is to be filled ________ink. ④This toy is not machine-made. It is made ________hand. ⑤In the morning I usually listen to the news ________the radio.

　　答案　①in this/a car　②by water/sea　③in　④by　⑤over/on

　　(2011·北京西城期末)—How can I reserve the tickets? —________phone. A．On

　　B．With

　　C．By

　　D．In 答案　C　[by phone“用電話的方式”，固定用法。故選C。]

　　Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 ?

　　工具、手段、方式介詞

　　三個(gè)詞都表示旅行的方式。 (1)不涉及交通工具的名詞而用相應(yīng)的抽象名詞時(shí)用by，名詞前不帶冠詞。如：by sea, by water, by land, by air等。 (2)涉及交通工具的名詞時(shí)用by，但名詞須用單數(shù)，其前面不加冠詞或任何修飾語(yǔ)。如：by bike, by taxi, by plane, by ship/boat, by train, by spaceship等。

　　1．by, in, on (3)當(dāng)旅行方式涉及確定特指的交通工具時(shí)，用on或in，名詞前應(yīng)有冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等修飾語(yǔ)。如：travel to New York in this plane, leave on an early train, go to school on my bike等。 說明：步行、騎馬、騎駱駝均用on。如：on foot, on horseback/on a horse, on the camel。

　　三個(gè)詞均意為“用”，表示行為的工具、手段或方式。 (1)with用于有形的工具或身體某些器官之前，其后的名詞多被冠詞、物主代詞等修飾。 (2)by, in, on, over, through等多用于無形的工具或方式、手段之前。如：by hand, in ink, on the telephone, over the radio, through the telescope等。 說明：①使用語(yǔ)言、原料、材料時(shí)用in表示，如：in English/Japanese; in blue ink ②表達(dá)“用……方法/方式”時(shí)，所用介詞分別為： in this/that/the same way　by means of by this/that means　with this/that method

　　2．with, by, in (浙江卷)The open-air celebration has been put off ________the bad weather. A．in case of

　　B．in spite of C．instead of

　　D．because of 答案　D　[根據(jù)句意，天氣不好導(dǎo)致露天慶祝會(huì)延期。]

　　熱點(diǎn)5·4 Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空 ①(2011·山東煙臺(tái)調(diào)研)She was told to wear flat shoes ________her back problem.

　　A．on account of

　　B．regardless of

　　C．in terms of

　　D．in case of

　　答案　A　[句意：因?yàn)樗巢坑袉栴}，她被告知應(yīng)穿

　　平底鞋。on account of表示原因，根據(jù)句意選A。]

　　②(2024·河北質(zhì)檢)An average of RMB 77，000 is spent on each wedding, excluding the cost of the wedding ring and honeymoon, ________the China Wedding Industry Development Report.

　　A．due to

　　B．because of

　　C．in spite of

　　D．a(chǎn)ccording to

　　答案　D　[according to意為“根據(jù)，按照”。根據(jù)句意選D。]

　　Ⅱ.用because of, due to, thanks to填空 ①I came back late ________the rain. ②His absence is ________the heavy rain. ③The company has had a successful year, ________the manager. 答案　①because of　②due to　③thanks to

　　表示原因的介詞短語(yǔ) because of, as a result of，owing to, due to, on account of, thanks to等表示原因 1．以上常見表示原因的介詞短語(yǔ)多可以相互替換，類似

　　的還有by reason of; on the ground of; in view of等。 2．considering/given...考慮到，鑒于，也可表示原因

　　Considering/Given his health，we'd better have him

　　stay at home.

　　(2024·北京卷)Do you think this shirt is too tight ______the shoulders? A．a(chǎn)t

　　B．on

　　C．to

　　D．a(chǎn)cross 答案　D　[考查介詞。句意為：你覺得這件襯衣的肩部是不是太緊了？across此時(shí)表示從一邊到另一邊。]

　　熱點(diǎn)5·5 點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入word

　　The kite looks prettier against the blue sky.

　　在藍(lán)天映襯下，那只風(fēng)箏更漂亮了。 2．a(chǎn)cross從一平面上“橫穿”，或在……對(duì)面

　　I can't get my idea across to him.我無法與他溝通。 3．a(chǎn)t：①在一點(diǎn)/小地方　②對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)

　　At my request, he came to help me.

　　應(yīng)我的請(qǐng)求，他跑來幫助我。

　　4．a(chǎn)fter：①在……后(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn))　②追求/尋　③

　　與……長(zhǎng)得像

　　The boy looks after his father.

　　這小孩長(zhǎng)得像他的父親。 5．beyond超出某范圍(具體、抽象)

　　The road extends beyond.

　　公路消失在遠(yuǎn)處。 6．behind在……后(地點(diǎn)、具體、抽象)

　　There's something behind his words.

　　他話里有話。

　　He longs for a watch. 他想要一塊手表。

　　You can find much honesty in Tom. 你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆很誠(chéng)實(shí)。

　　8．in在……里(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、具體或抽象) 遠(yuǎn)離海岸處有一個(gè)小島。

　　②動(dòng)作狀態(tài)延續(xù) Rain still on, we had to stay there. 雨還下個(gè)不停，我們只好留在那里。

　　Let's discuss the matter over the meal. 咱們吃飯期間討論此事。

　　Her love saw me through the hard time. 她的愛使我度過那個(gè)艱苦的時(shí)代。

　　11．on：①在……之上(具體、抽象) 12．over：①在正上方，跨越　②經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間、距離　③翻滾 13．through：①?gòu)?內(nèi)部)穿過　②經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間或距離　③經(jīng)

　　歷/穿過(困難等) (2024·福建卷)Nothing is so easy as ________parents to raise their expectations of their children too high. A．of

　　B．to

　　C．by

　　D．for 答案　D　[for sb對(duì)……來說。]

　　熱點(diǎn)5·6 Ⅰ.用for或of填空 ①It is very considerate ________you to remind me. ②It is necessary ________the students to know some

　　learning methods. ③It is possible ________him to come here soon. 用介詞on或in填空 ④The patient's life is ________danger. ⑤The guard is ________watch now. ⑥The house is ________fire.

　　用except, except for, besides填空 ⑦I know nothing about the young lady ________that she

　　is from Beijing. ⑧I don't mind picking up your things from the store. ________，the walk does me good. ⑨The car is nice ________the color. ⑩We all went to the park ________Tom. Tom was ill in

　　hospital. 答案　①of　②for　③for　④in　⑤on　⑥on　⑦except　⑧Besides　⑨except for　⑩except

　　Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空 ①(廣東卷)I feel that one of my main duties ________a teacher

　　is to help the students to become better learners.

　　A．for

　　B．by

　　C．a(chǎn)s

　　D．with

　　答案　C　[as后接名詞的意思是“作為”。表示“我認(rèn)為作

　　為老師的主要責(zé)任之一是幫助學(xué)生成為更好的學(xué)習(xí)者”。] ②(北京卷)________two exams to worry about, I have to work

　　really hard this weekend.

　　A．With

　　B．Besides

　　C．As for

　　D．Because of

　　答案　A　[with表示原因或理由，意思是“因?yàn)椋捎凇薄?/p>

　　表示“由于對(duì)兩次考試擔(dān)心，這個(gè)周末我不得不真地努力工

　　作”。]

　　on用于表示動(dòng)態(tài)，如正在從事某種活動(dòng)或處于某種運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)之中。如：on business在出差；on a visit在訪問；on strike在罷工；on sale在出售；on show在展覽；on watch在站崗/放哨；on fire著火了；on vacation/holiday在度假。 in多用于表示靜態(tài)狀況，如安全、危險(xiǎn)、健康、情緒好/不好等。如：in trouble陷入困境；in danger處于危險(xiǎn)中；in order有序，有條理；in surprise驚訝地；in silence沉默地；in high/low spirits情緒高漲/低落。

　　1．on與in表示處于某種狀態(tài) 2．besides, except, but, other than, except for的區(qū)別 3．except和but/other than都可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞原形，可以互換；但except后接副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、when從句等時(shí)，but/other than不可替換except。

　　He has always been in high spirits except recently.

　　除近來外，他總是精神飽滿。(副詞)

　　The window is never opened except in summer.

　　除夏季外，這扇窗戶從不打開。(介詞短語(yǔ))

　　He has always been busy except when it is Sunday.

　　除星期日外，他總是很忙。(when從句)

　　4．but, except后都可接that從句作賓語(yǔ)；but, except可以互換。

　　I asked nothing from him but/except that he should write to me every other week.

　　我只要求他每?jī)芍芙o我寫一封信。 5．以上比較了except, besides, but作介詞時(shí)的區(qū)別，另外，besides還可用作副詞，意為“in addition; also; moreover; furthermore(而且，還有)”。

　　I don't want to go; besides, I am too tired.

　　我不想去，再說，我也太累了。

　　(2024·江蘇卷)—Thank God you're safe! —I stepped back, just ________to avoid the racing car. A．in time

　　B．in case

　　C．in need

　　D．in vain 答案　A　[in time to do來得及做某事。]

　　熱點(diǎn)5·7 點(diǎn)擊進(jìn)入word

　　(1)at: at dawn在黎明；at daybreak拂曉；at sunrise日出時(shí)；at sunset/sundown日落時(shí)；at noon在中午；at dusk在黃昏；at night在夜晚；at home在家；at table在用餐；at school在上學(xué)；at college在上大學(xué)；at risk有危險(xiǎn)，冒險(xiǎn)；at last最后；at rest靜止不動(dòng)

　　1．a(chǎn)t, in的有關(guān)表達(dá) (2)in：in addition to除了……之外(還有)；in celebration of為慶祝……；in case of假設(shè)，萬一；in search of尋求；試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)；in place of代替；in need of需要；in charge of對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)；主管；in the charge of由……負(fù)責(zé)(表被動(dòng)意義)；in spite of盡管；即使；雖然；不管；in time of在……時(shí)刻；in a state of處于……狀況中；in course of在進(jìn)行中；in the course of在……期間；in favour of贊同；有利于；in honor of向……表示敬意，為紀(jì)念……；in memory of為紀(jì)念……；instead of代替；而不是；in/with relation to關(guān)于；涉及

　　返回 上頁(yè) 下頁(yè) 名師招招鮮 易錯(cuò)警示 考點(diǎn)精析 返回 上頁(yè) 下頁(yè) 名師招招鮮 易錯(cuò)警示 考點(diǎn)精析 返回 上頁(yè) 下頁(yè) 名師招招鮮 易錯(cuò)警示 考點(diǎn)精析 B

　　高頻考點(diǎn)（高頻 / 規(guī)律 / 技巧） B5

　　介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)

　　考 綱 解 讀

　　考綱要求考生能在真實(shí)的語(yǔ)境中恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂媒樵~，并正確判斷意義相近的介詞和介詞短語(yǔ)。

　　考 情 解 讀

　　考點(diǎn) 題量 分布 介詞辨析

　　固定搭配

　　2008 9 4 2009 11 3 2010 6 4 2011 9 4 2024 7 5

　　趨 勢(shì) 解 讀

　　1．考查具體語(yǔ)境下的介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)辨析

　　仍是2024年高考介詞部分的試題立意。 2．題目設(shè)問角度細(xì)微化，題干結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜

　　化，綜合趨勢(shì)明顯。 ? 易 錯(cuò) 警 示 I know nothing about him ________he is an advanced engineer. A.apart from

　　B．except for C．besides

　　D．except that

　　易誤選A、B

　　本題考生很容易誤選A或B。apart from和except for都可表示“除……之外”，但它們是介詞短語(yǔ)，后面不能接句子，而此處空格后面是一個(gè)句子，因此A和B不對(duì)。C項(xiàng)besides表示“除……之外(還)”，這與題意不符。except that的意思與B項(xiàng)相同，但其后接從句，因此，選D。 　

　　Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are ________everyone's enjoyment. 　A.in

　　B．At

　　C．for

　　D．to

　　易誤選D

　　不能準(zhǔn)確地判斷此處所填詞與哪個(gè)詞構(gòu)成搭配，此處所填介詞應(yīng)該與空后的名詞enjoyment構(gòu)成搭配，表示目的，意為“為了”。選C。 考 點(diǎn) 精 析

　　基 礎(chǔ) 盤 點(diǎn)

　　1．表時(shí)間、空間的介詞用法； 2．介詞與動(dòng)詞、名詞的常見搭配。 ? ?

　　熱 門 考 點(diǎn)

　　1．方位介詞； 2．時(shí)間介詞； 3．工具、手段、方式介詞； 4．表示原因的介詞短語(yǔ)； 5．a(chǎn)gainst, for, at, in, beyond, across, of, over, off等常見介詞活用； 6．besides, except in, except for, but, but，for等常見易混介詞； 7．常見介詞搭配。

　　關(guān) 注 節(jié) 點(diǎn)

　　(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)100 ℃ is the temperature ________which water will boil. A．for

　　B．a(chǎn)t

　　C．on

　　D．of 答案　B　[at表示在一個(gè)點(diǎn)上，此處結(jié)合定語(yǔ)從句考查介詞。]

　　熱點(diǎn)5·1

　　①The sunlight came in ________(穿過)the windows in the

　　roof and lit up the whole room. ②The bicycle is ________(不能)repair. ③He hit his head ________(對(duì)著)the wall and hurt

　　himself. 用介詞in, to填空 ④Japan is/lies ________the east of China. ⑤Beijing lies ________the north of China.

　　Ⅰ.完成句子 用介詞between, among填空 ⑥The town lies ________the mountains. ⑦Switzerland lies ________France, Germany, Austria and Italy. 用介詞from, out of填空 ⑧The young student is ________Tibet. ⑨When we were listening to the news, a man rushed ________the room. 用介詞in，on填空 ⑩There is a map of the world ________the wall. ?Birds are singing ________the tree. 答案　①through　②beyond　③against　④to　⑤in　⑥among

　　⑦between　⑧from　⑨out of　⑩on　?in

　　—Yes, I see. I will keep the secret ________you and me. A．with

　　B．a(chǎn)round

　　C．a(chǎn)mong

　　D．between 答案　D　[between意為“位于……之間，處在……之間，介于……間”，根據(jù)所提供的情景you and me，可判斷出是在兩者之間，所以要用between。with意為“和……一起”；around意為“在……的周圍”；among意為“在(多數(shù))之中，在……中間”。]