Unit 2 Robots

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·山東省威海市二模)

　　The most famous war movies reflect the American public's continuous fascination with World War II and the Vietnam War. Many movies of this kind have been well-received when they were first shown, but few of them have enjoyed lasting fame and popularity. The films on the list of the five most famous war movies still remain fresh and are popular among many people.

　　The Longest Day

　　An all-star cast recreates D-Day and the Normandy attack, the greatest landing and aerial(空中的) invasion in history. This is probably the most famous war movie because of the large number of big stars who have roles in the film.

　　Apocalypse Now

　　This is a famous war movie because of its description of the Vietnam War and excellent performance from Marlon Brando, Martin Sheen and Robert Duvall. The film, full of memorable scenes and quotes, is widely viewed as a masterpiece of movie making.

　　The Dirty Dozen

　　Lee Marvin, playing an officer who thinks and acts independently, is appointed to train twelve prisoners, most of whom have been sentenced to death, to go on a suicide mission to kill several Nazi generals. If_any_of_the_men_makes_it_back,_they_may_get_a_pardon. This is one of the most popular war movies ever made.

　　Platoon

　　This famous war movie is the fictional account of a platoon(排) in Vietnam that is divided into two competing groups. The plot is partly based on the director Oliver Stone's real life experience.

　　Midway

　　This is probably the most famous war movie ever made about navy. It's based on the battle between Japanese and American aircraft carrier groups near Hawaii in World War II that resulted in a decisive American victory.

　　文章大意：本文介紹了美國最杰出的五部反映二戰和越戰的經典戰爭片。

　　1．What are the most important themes of the movies mentioned above?

　　A．World War II and the Vietnam War.

　　B．Competitions in the Vietnam War.

　　C．Fights between Nazi generals and soldiers.

　　D．D-Day landing and the Normandy attack.

　　答案：A　細節理解題。由第一段前兩句話可知。

　　2．The text is meant to ________.

　　A．describe five most famous movie posters

　　B．choose the best war movie among the five

　　C．introduce five masterpieces of American films

　　D．celebrate the success of the five American films

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。由文章大意可知。

　　3．What can we infer from the underlined sentence?

　　A．The prisoners will be punished if they fail.

　　B．The prisoners might be willing to have a try.

　　C．The prisoners might be scared and run away.

　　D．The prisoners have to take Nazi generals back.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。畫線句意為“如果他們能夠完成任務歸來，那么就能赦免他們的罪”，所以這些死刑犯很可能會愿意嘗試一下。該題易誤選A項和D項。

　　B

　　(2024·江南十校聯考)

　　Water Robots Explore the Celtic Sea

　　Scientists in England are using two self-directed water vehicles to explore the animal and plant life of the Celtic Sea. The Celtic Sea is a body of water off the southern coast of Ireland. The area is known for its exceptional sea life. Scientists want to know why sea animals are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.

　　One of the research vehicles is powered by batteries. It collects information for the National Oceanography Center in Southampton, England, and the World Wildlife Fund. The vehicle's low energy requirements permit it to stay afloat for up to 30 days. Reports of what it finds in the Celtic Sea are sent by satellite. Stephen Woodward is an engineer who helped design the craft. He says the vehicle has equipment that can detect small organisms called zooplankton and fish. He adds that other sensing devices measure water currents and other features of sea life. The vehicle also creates a two-dimensional(二維圖)map of the sea.

　　Another vehicle is powered by solar panels and a wind turbine(渦輪機). It can stay afloat for months. The robotic vehicle sends information about the so-called biodiversity hotspots. A biodiversity hotspot is an area of an ocean that has a lot of plant and animal life activity. Lavinia Suberg is one of the scientists studying the biodiversity of the Celtic Sea. She says productive ocean areas, like the Celtic Sea, attract zooplankton. The zooplankton then attract fish. She adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and birds.

　　Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the seas with manned laboratories. Scientists can spend more time analyzing the collected information. They say the research will give them a better understanding of the needsof the Celtic Sea for future management and protection.

　　文章大意：本文介紹兩種水下自我探測器，它們用來勘探海底動植物。

　　4．Scientists go to the Celtic Sea to explore ________.

　　A．why this area appeal to sea animals

　　B．what the Celtic Sea really desires

　　C．whether the expense can be reduced

　　D．how this area can be better protected

　　答案：A　細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句話“Scientists want to know why sea animals are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.”可知，選A。

　　5．According to paragraph 2, the research vehicle ________.

　　A．is used only to measure water currents

　　B．is designed by the engineer called Lavinia

　　C．can also create a three-dimensional map

　　D．can detect the zooplankton and sea life

　　答案：D　細節理解題。根據第二段第六、七句話“He says the vehicle has equipment that can detect small organisms called zooplankton and fish. He adds that other sensing devices measure water currents and other features of sea life.”可知，選D。

　　6．Which of the following is TRUE?

　　A．Both of the vehicles are powered by batteries.

　　B．Neither of the vehicles can stay for months.

　　C．The vehicles help reduce both time and money.

　　D．Reports are sent by the scientists themselves.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據第四段第一、二兩句話“Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the seas with manned laboratories. Scientists can spend more time analyzing the collected information.”可知，選C。

　　7．What is the purpose of the passage?

　　A．To call on us to protect the sea.

　　B．To introduce two water robots.

　　C．To inform us of sea exploration.

　　D．To arouse our interest in sea life.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。從文章第二、三段大意可知，本文主要介紹兩種水下自我探測器。故選B。

　　Ⅱ.語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　(2024·青島市二模)

　　It's never foolish __1__(acknowledge) you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need the art of apology. Look back and think how often you've judged __2__(rough), said unkind things, pushed yourself ahead __3__ the cost of a friend. Some deep thought lets us know that when even a small mistake has been made, your feeling will stay out of balance __4__ the mistake is acknowledged and your regret is expressed.

　　I remember a doctor friend __5__(tell) me about a man who came to him with __6__(vary) illnesses: headache, insomnia, stomachaches and so on. No physical cause could __7__(find). Finally the doctor said to the man, “Unless you tell me what's on your conscience, I can't help you.”

　　After __8__ short silence, the man told the doctor that he seized all the money that his father gave to his brother, who was abroad. His father was __9__(die), so only he himself knew the matter. The doctor made the man write to his brother making an apology and enclosing a check. In the post office, the man dropped the letter into the mail box. As the letter __10__(disappear), the man burst into tears. “Thank you, doctor，” he said, “I think I'm all right now.” And he was.

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：本文是生活哲理小短文，文章主要告訴我們該如何承認自己錯了，并誠懇地道歉，讓自己的心理平衡。

　　1．命題立意：考查非謂語動詞。

　　答案： to acknowledge　根據句型It is ＋ 形容詞 ＋ 不定式判斷。故填to acknowledge。

　　2．命題立意：考查副詞。

　　答案： roughly 　根據前文的judged是動詞，需要副詞修飾。故填 roughly。

　　3．命題立意：考查介詞的用法。

　　答案：at　根據詞組at the cost of“以……為代價”，故填at。

　　4．命題立意：考查狀語從句。

　　答案： until/till 　根據該復合句主從句之間的關系判斷，故判斷填 until/till。

　　5．命題立意：考查非謂語動詞用法。

　　答案：telling　friend是tell的動作執行者。故填telling。

　　6．命題立意：考查形容詞。

　　答案：various　根據空后的名詞illnesses判斷應用形容詞。故填various。

　　7．命題立意：考查被動語態用法。

　　答案：be found　cause是find的動作承受者，應用被動語態，故判斷填be found。

　　8．命題立意：考查冠詞用法。

　　答案：a　根據a short silence“一段時間的沉默”，可知填a。

　　9．命題立意：考查形容詞。

　　答案：dead　根據空前的was可知應填形容詞，故判斷填dead。

　　10．命題立意：考查時態。

　　答案：disappeared　根據前后語境判斷應用一般過去時。故判斷填disappeared。

　　Ⅲ.短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。

　　增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除：把多余的詞用()劃掉。

　　修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

　　2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　(2024·寧夏銀川市三模)

　　This afternoon I went to see my grandfather by a bus.It was very crowded and I had to stand.Besides me，there was a woman hold a little boy in her arms.In front of her, a young man occupies two seats，pretending to be sleeping.I heard the little boy curious asking his mother, “What's wrong with the uncle？” I had thought if perhaps the woman would blame the man.Beyond her expectations，the woman answered with a smile，“Be quiet.This uncle must very tired because of hard work.”The young man must have heard the word.His face turned red but offered one seat to the woman at once.

　　答案：

　　This afternoon I went to see my grandfather by a bus.It was very crowded and I had to stand. me，there was a woman

　　a little boy in her arms.In front of her, a young man

　　two seats，pretending to be sleeping.I heard the little boy

　　asking his mother, “What's wrong with the uncle？” I had thought

　　perhaps the woman would blame the man.Beyond

　　expectations，the woman answered with a smile，“Be quiet.This uncle must

　　very tired because of hard work.”The young man must have heard the .His face turned red

　　offered one seat to the woman at once.

　　1．命題立意：考查固定短語。

　　解析：by后的冠詞a去掉　by bus坐公交，bus前不需要冠詞。故by后的冠詞去掉。

　　2．命題立意：考查介詞。

　　解析：Besides→Beside　besides除……之外；beside在……的旁邊。故Besides → Beside。

　　3．命題立意：考查非謂語動詞。

　　解析：hold→holding　根據there be＋名詞＋v-ing有……正在……。people是hold的執行者，應用現在分詞。故hold→holding。

　　4．命題立意：考查動詞時態。

　　解析：occupies→occupied　根據上下文語境應用過去時。故occupies→occupied。

　　5．命題立意：考查副詞。

　　解析：curious→curiously　修飾動詞asking，用副詞。

　　6．命題立意：考查賓語從句。

　　解析：if→that或去掉if　根據語意此處thought的賓語從句應用that引導，也可省略。故if→ that或去掉if。

　　7．命題立意：考查代詞。

　　解析：her→my　根據前文的I判斷此處是“出乎我的意料之外”。故her→my。

　　8．命題立意：考查情態動詞用法。

　　解析：must后加be　must為情態動詞，其后必須跟動詞原形，very tired為形容詞，應加be。故must后加be。

　　9．命題立意：考查名詞。

　　解析：word→words　word為可數名詞，根據前文所說的話，word應用復數形式。故word→words。

　　10．命題立意：考查連詞。

　　解析：but→and　根據but前后是并列關系。故but→and。

　　Unit 2 Robots

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·山東省威海市二模)

　　The most famous war movies reflect the American public's continuous fascination with World War II and the Vietnam War. Many movies of this kind have been well-received when they were first shown, but few of them have enjoyed lasting fame and popularity. The films on the list of the five most famous war movies still remain fresh and are popular among many people.

　　The Longest Day

　　An all-star cast recreates D-Day and the Normandy attack, the greatest landing and aerial(空中的) invasion in history. This is probably the most famous war movie because of the large number of big stars who have roles in the film.

　　Apocalypse Now

　　This is a famous war movie because of its description of the Vietnam War and excellent performance from Marlon Brando, Martin Sheen and Robert Duvall. The film, full of memorable scenes and quotes, is widely viewed as a masterpiece of movie making.

　　The Dirty Dozen

　　Lee Marvin, playing an officer who thinks and acts independently, is appointed to train twelve prisoners, most of whom have been sentenced to death, to go on a suicide mission to kill several Nazi generals. If_any_of_the_men_makes_it_back,_they_may_get_a_pardon. This is one of the most popular war movies ever made.

　　Platoon

　　This famous war movie is the fictional account of a platoon(排) in Vietnam that is divided into two competing groups. The plot is partly based on the director Oliver Stone's real life experience.

　　Midway

　　This is probably the most famous war movie ever made about navy. It's based on the battle between Japanese and American aircraft carrier groups near Hawaii in World War II that resulted in a decisive American victory.

　　文章大意：本文介紹了美國最杰出的五部反映二戰和越戰的經典戰爭片。

　　1．What are the most important themes of the movies mentioned above?

　　A．World War II and the Vietnam War.

　　B．Competitions in the Vietnam War.

　　C．Fights between Nazi generals and soldiers.

　　D．D-Day landing and the Normandy attack.

　　答案：A　細節理解題。由第一段前兩句話可知。

　　2．The text is meant to ________.

　　A．describe five most famous movie posters

　　B．choose the best war movie among the five

　　C．introduce five masterpieces of American films

　　D．celebrate the success of the five American films

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。由文章大意可知。

　　3．What can we infer from the underlined sentence?

　　A．The prisoners will be punished if they fail.

　　B．The prisoners might be willing to have a try.

　　C．The prisoners might be scared and run away.

　　D．The prisoners have to take Nazi generals back.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。畫線句意為“如果他們能夠完成任務歸來，那么就能赦免他們的罪”，所以這些死刑犯很可能會愿意嘗試一下。該題易誤選A項和D項。

　　B

　　(2024·江南十校聯考)

　　Water Robots Explore the Celtic Sea

　　Scientists in England are using two self-directed water vehicles to explore the animal and plant life of the Celtic Sea. The Celtic Sea is a body of water off the southern coast of Ireland. The area is known for its exceptional sea life. Scientists want to know why sea animals are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.

　　One of the research vehicles is powered by batteries. It collects information for the National Oceanography Center in Southampton, England, and the World Wildlife Fund. The vehicle's low energy requirements permit it to stay afloat for up to 30 days. Reports of what it finds in the Celtic Sea are sent by satellite. Stephen Woodward is an engineer who helped design the craft. He says the vehicle has equipment that can detect small organisms called zooplankton and fish. He adds that other sensing devices measure water currents and other features of sea life. The vehicle also creates a two-dimensional(二維圖)map of the sea.

　　Another vehicle is powered by solar panels and a wind turbine(渦輪機). It can stay afloat for months. The robotic vehicle sends information about the so-called biodiversity hotspots. A biodiversity hotspot is an area of an ocean that has a lot of plant and animal life activity. Lavinia Suberg is one of the scientists studying the biodiversity of the Celtic Sea. She says productive ocean areas, like the Celtic Sea, attract zooplankton. The zooplankton then attract fish. She adds that areas with a large increase of fish often attract sea mammals and birds.

　　Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the seas with manned laboratories. Scientists can spend more time analyzing the collected information. They say the research will give them a better understanding of the needsof the Celtic Sea for future management and protection.

　　文章大意：本文介紹兩種水下自我探測器，它們用來勘探海底動植物。

　　4．Scientists go to the Celtic Sea to explore ________.

　　A．why this area appeal to sea animals

　　B．what the Celtic Sea really desires

　　C．whether the expense can be reduced

　　D．how this area can be better protected

　　答案：A　細節理解題。根據第一段最后一句話“Scientists want to know why sea animals are so attracted to this part of the Atlantic Ocean.”可知，選A。

　　5．According to paragraph 2, the research vehicle ________.

　　A．is used only to measure water currents

　　B．is designed by the engineer called Lavinia

　　C．can also create a three-dimensional map

　　D．can detect the zooplankton and sea life

　　答案：D　細節理解題。根據第二段第六、七句話“He says the vehicle has equipment that can detect small organisms called zooplankton and fish. He adds that other sensing devices measure water currents and other features of sea life.”可知，選D。

　　6．Which of the following is TRUE?

　　A．Both of the vehicles are powered by batteries.

　　B．Neither of the vehicles can stay for months.

　　C．The vehicles help reduce both time and money.

　　D．Reports are sent by the scientists themselves.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據第四段第一、二兩句話“Using these robotic ocean vehicles greatly reduces the cost of exploring the seas with manned laboratories. Scientists can spend more time analyzing the collected information.”可知，選C。

　　7．What is the purpose of the passage?

　　A．To call on us to protect the sea.

　　B．To introduce two water robots.

　　C．To inform us of sea exploration.

　　D．To arouse our interest in sea life.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。從文章第二、三段大意可知，本文主要介紹兩種水下自我探測器。故選B。

　　Ⅱ.語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　(2024·青島市二模)

　　It's never foolish __1__(acknowledge) you are in the wrong. Being human, we all need the art of apology. Look back and think how often you've judged __2__(rough), said unkind things, pushed yourself ahead __3__ the cost of a friend. Some deep thought lets us know that when even a small mistake has been made, your feeling will stay out of balance __4__ the mistake is acknowledged and your regret is expressed.

　　I remember a doctor friend __5__(tell) me about a man who came to him with __6__(vary) illnesses: headache, insomnia, stomachaches and so on. No physical cause could __7__(find). Finally the doctor said to the man, “Unless you tell me what's on your conscience, I can't help you.”

　　After __8__ short silence, the man told the doctor that he seized all the money that his father gave to his brother, who was abroad. His father was __9__(die), so only he himself knew the matter. The doctor made the man write to his brother making an apology and enclosing a check. In the post office, the man dropped the letter into the mail box. As the letter __10__(disappear), the man burst into tears. “Thank you, doctor，” he said, “I think I'm all right now.” And he was.

　　1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　文章大意：本文是生活哲理小短文，文章主要告訴我們該如何承認自己錯了，并誠懇地道歉，讓自己的心理平衡。

　　1．命題立意：考查非謂語動詞。

　　答案： to acknowledge　根據句型It is ＋ 形容詞 ＋ 不定式判斷。故填to acknowledge。

　　2．命題立意：考查副詞。

　　答案： roughly 　根據前文的judged是動詞，需要副詞修飾。故填 roughly。

　　3．命題立意：考查介詞的用法。

　　答案：at　根據詞組at the cost of“以……為代價”，故填at。

　　4．命題立意：考查狀語從句。

　　答案： until/till 　根據該復合句主從句之間的關系判斷，故判斷填 until/till。

　　5．命題立意：考查非謂語動詞用法。

　　答案：telling　friend是tell的動作執行者。故填telling。

　　6．命題立意：考查形容詞。

　　答案：various　根據空后的名詞illnesses判斷應用形容詞。故填various。

　　7．命題立意：考查被動語態用法。

　　答案：be found　cause是find的動作承受者，應用被動語態，故判斷填be found。

　　8．命題立意：考查冠詞用法。

　　答案：a　根據a short silence“一段時間的沉默”，可知填a。

　　9．命題立意：考查形容詞。

　　答案：dead　根據空前的was可知應填形容詞，故判斷填dead。

　　10．命題立意：考查時態。

　　答案：disappeared　根據前后語境判斷應用一般過去時。故判斷填disappeared。

　　Ⅲ.短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。

　　增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除：把多余的詞用()劃掉。

　　修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

　　2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　(2024·寧夏銀川市三模)

　　This afternoon I went to see my grandfather by a bus.It was very crowded and I had to stand.Besides me，there was a woman hold a little boy in her arms.In front of her, a young man occupies two seats，pretending to be sleeping.I heard the little boy curious asking his mother, “What's wrong with the uncle？” I had thought if perhaps the woman would blame the man.Beyond her expectations，the woman answered with a smile，“Be quiet.This uncle must very tired because of hard work.”The young man must have heard the word.His face turned red but offered one seat to the woman at once.

　　答案：

　　This afternoon I went to see my grandfather by a bus.It was very crowded and I had to stand. me，there was a woman

　　a little boy in her arms.In front of her, a young man

　　two seats，pretending to be sleeping.I heard the little boy

　　asking his mother, “What's wrong with the uncle？” I had thought

　　perhaps the woman would blame the man.Beyond

　　expectations，the woman answered with a smile，“Be quiet.This uncle must

　　very tired because of hard work.”The young man must have heard the .His face turned red

　　offered one seat to the woman at once.

　　1．命題立意：考查固定短語。

　　解析：by后的冠詞a去掉　by bus坐公交，bus前不需要冠詞。故by后的冠詞去掉。

　　2．命題立意：考查介詞。

　　解析：Besides→Beside　besides除……之外；beside在……的旁邊。故Besides → Beside。

　　3．命題立意：考查非謂語動詞。

　　解析：hold→holding　根據there be＋名詞＋v-ing有……正在……。people是hold的執行者，應用現在分詞。故hold→holding。

　　4．命題立意：考查動詞時態。

　　解析：occupies→occupied　根據上下文語境應用過去時。故occupies→occupied。

　　5．命題立意：考查副詞。

　　解析：curious→curiously　修飾動詞asking，用副詞。

　　6．命題立意：考查賓語從句。

　　解析：if→that或去掉if　根據語意此處thought的賓語從句應用that引導，也可省略。故if→ that或去掉if。

　　7．命題立意：考查代詞。

　　解析：her→my　根據前文的I判斷此處是“出乎我的意料之外”。故her→my。

　　8．命題立意：考查情態動詞用法。

　　解析：must后加be　must為情態動詞，其后必須跟動詞原形，very tired為形容詞，應加be。故must后加be。

　　9．命題立意：考查名詞。

　　解析：word→words　word為可數名詞，根據前文所說的話，word應用復數形式。故word→words。

　　10．命題立意：考查連詞。

　　解析：but→and　根據but前后是并列關系。故but→and。