答案：when　本題考查名詞性從句的引導詞。句意：馬鈴薯是在什么時候被引進到歐洲的不確定，但是可能是在1565年左右。分析結構可知，此處是主語從句的引導詞。根據but并列句中的關鍵詞 around 1565可以知道，此處表示“時間”，故要用when引導主語從句。 答案：up　句意：教授認為那位年輕的工程師提出的想法值得考慮。分析句子結構可知，“the young engineer ________”是定語從句，修飾先行詞the idea，且根據句意可知，bring up“提出”符合句意。 答案：ahead　句意：——我們明天做什么？——尚不清楚會議是否會按計劃舉行。go ahead進行，符合句意。 答案：what　本題考查名詞性從句的引導詞。句意：“每次你吃甜東西，喝點綠茶。”這是過去媽媽經常對我說的話。分析結構可知，此處考查的是表語從句的引導詞。從句缺少tell的一個賓語，用what引導。 答案：that　There is much chance that...為常用句型，意為“很有可能……”。that引導的從句說明chance的內容，等同于同位語從句。 答案：seated；doing　句意：我發現簡坐在桌旁認真地做作業。seat為及物動詞，用法為be seated或seat oneself，所以Jane后可接seated或sitting作賓補；doing her homework carefully是現在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。 答案：ahead　本題考查情景交際。句意：“我能用一下這本詞典嗎？”“________，這是多余的一本。”根據“It's a spare one.”可知，后者應該是同意前者使用這本詞典。just go ahead意為“用吧”，表示同意，符合語境。 答案：staring　本題考查非謂語動詞。句意：沒有什么能比躺在草地中央凝視著夜空讓人感到更高興的事兒了。根據句中的on my back可知，lying的動作由“我”發出，而stare的邏輯主語也是“我”，“凝視夜空”的動作由“我”主動發出，故用現在分詞短語作狀語，表示伴隨。 答案：lost　考查非謂語動詞。句意：即使最好的作家有時發現自己無以言辭。be lost for words“說不出話來”。然后結合“find＋賓語＋賓語補足語”結構可知，此處用lost作賓語補足語。 答案：patience　句意：每當我出錯時，老師總是耐心地給我指出。with patience耐心地。 答案：On　句意：他好像是在給人一個印象：他在巴黎玩得不快樂。正相反，他玩得很開心。on the contrary“正相反”。 5．________ ________(關于) the water pollution, the local government has taken action to deal with it and before long you will find the river clean again. 6．不管我們做什么，我們應該顧及到國家的利益。 ________ ________ ________， we ought to take into account the interests of the state. 7．與許多人想象的正想反，這位畢業生來這兒不是為了追求名譽與金錢，而是為了追求生命的真正價值。 ________ ________ what many people thought, the graduate came here not to ________ ________ or money but the true value of life.

　　8．確實，為了還清債務，這些年他們日夜不停地工作，這就是他們為什么看起來很蒼老的原因了。 Indeed, they worked hard day and night these years in the hope of paying off all their debts, ________ ________ ________ their aged look. 9．眾所周知，吃太多脂肪和含糖食品容易使人變胖。 ________ ________ ________ ________eating too much fat and sugary food makes one put on weight easily. 10．李醫生建議我多吃膳食纖維，避免無限制地吃含糖小食品。 ________ ________ Doctor Li ________

　　advises me to add more fibre to my diet and avoid eating sugary desserts without limits. 答案：1.in rags　2.by accident/chance　3.a large amount/sum of money　4.on no account　5.As for　6.Whatever we do　7.Contrary to; seek fame　8.which accounted for　9.It is well-known that　10.It is; that/who 5．You can take everything whatever you like.__________________ 6．They were filled of joy when they set foot on the Chinese soil.__________________ 7．When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the police on spot.__________________ 8．We haven't settled the question that it is necessary for him to study abroad.__________________ 9．Who told you that if you passed the exam you would receive a reward was telling lies.__________________

　　10．Wasn't it until Michael ran into me when he recognized I was once his partner？__________________ 答案：1.account后加上for　2.On后加上the　3.bet后加上on　4.去掉speaking　5.去掉everything或去掉whatever　6.of→with或filled→full　7.on后加上the　8.that→whether　9.Who→Whoever　10.when→that

　　3．在征求了父親的建議后，他決定當一名作家。這一職業使他賺了很多錢。(seek; an amount of) 4．他的作品被譯成多種語言，這就是全世界讀者喜愛他的作品的原因。(account for) __________________________________________________ 答案： Mark Twain, one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century, was brought up in Missouri in the middle part of the United States. Mark Twain's hometown lay on the banks of the Mississippi River, where he spent his childhood. When he grew up, he took a chance to work as a pilot on a river boat for some time, which was not permitted by his father at first. After seeking some useful advice from his father, he decided to become a writer, which helped him make an amount of money.

　　Mark Twain wrote a lot of novels, some of which have been translated into many languages, which accounted for the reason why he and his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.

　　③The police were ________ ________ ________ within a few minutes. 警察幾分鐘后就趕到了現場。 ④He ________ his old friend in the crowd at once. 他馬上從人群中認出了他的老朋友。 答案：①spotted；talking　②spotted with　③on the spot/scene　④spotted 4．account vt. & vi. 認為；說明；總計有　n. 說明；理由；計算；賬目；報道 歸納拓展 keep an account of 記錄；記載 give an account of 報道；敘述；說明 take ... into account＝take account of ... ＝take ... into consideration 考慮到……；顧及…… on account of 因為；由于 on any account 無論如何 on no account 絕不(位于句首，句子用部分倒裝結構) account for 說明(原因)；作出(解釋)；占(數量、比例) 答案：①to open a bank account　②taking; into account　 ③on account of　④accounted for 5．seek (sought, sought) vt. 尋找；探索；尋求 歸納拓展 seek fame/help 求名/助 seek one's home 回家 seek one's fortune 去闖天下；外出尋找發財的機會 seek out 找出；搜出 seek (after/for) sth. 尋找某物；追求某物 seek sth. from sb. 向某人尋求某事 seek to do sth.(＝try/attempt to do sth.) 試圖/企圖做某事 seek shelter from rain 尋找避雨的地方 答案：①seek various ways　②seek to be/become independent　③seek help from my teachers

　　6．fault n. 責任；過錯；缺點　vt. 對……挑毛病 歸納拓展 find fault (with) 挑剔；找(……的)茬；對……吹毛求疵 at fault 有責任；有錯 It's one's fault. 是某人的錯。 辨析　fault/mistake/weakness 詞匯 含義 fault 多指性格上的弱點，行為上的過失，強調因過失導致的應負的責任 mistake 指“錯誤，誤會，誤解”，多指缺乏正確理解造成行動上或認識上的錯誤 weakness 指弱點或不足之處，是通用詞，很少具有特殊的詞義色彩

　　④We should know our ________ ________ ________(優點和缺點) and think what could be done about them. 答案：①finding fault with other people　②it's my fault　 ③have made mistakes　④strengths and weaknesses 1.bring up 撫養；培養；教育；提出 歸納拓展 bring about 引起；帶來；產生 bring down 使倒下；降低；減少 bring in 引進；賺得；收(莊稼) bring on 引起；導致；使……發展(或前進)；提出……供參考 bring back 使記起；歸還；恢復 bring forth 產生；產出；生產

　　bring forward 提出；出示；展示 bring out 揭露；顯示；解釋；出版 bring to oneself 使復蘇 bring ... under control 使……得到控制 bring ... to a stop 使……停下 bring ... to an end 使……結束

　　④The Internet ________ ________ ________ ________ ________(帶來巨大變化) in the way we work. 答案：①brought up in America　②brought back to me　③was brought under control　④has brought about great changes 2．take a chance 冒險 歸納拓展 take a chance(＝take one's chance＝take chances) 冒險；碰運氣 by chance/accident 偶然；碰巧 miss/lose/seize the chance 錯過/失去/抓住機會 Chances are (that) ... 可能性是…… There is no chance that ... 不可能……

　　③I'm not sure of beating him, but let me ________ ________ ________(碰碰運氣)． ④________ ________ ________ ________ ________(不可能) it will rain today. 答案：①met an old friend of mine by chance　②having missed the chance of winning a scholarship ③take a chance　④There is no chance/possibility that(＝It is impossible that) 1.Indeed, sir. I hope you'll come here whenever you like. 事實上，先生。希望你隨時光臨。 本句中的whenever引導讓步狀語從句，相當于no matter when，意為“在任何時候，無論何時”。

　　歸納拓展 (1)whatever/whoever/whichever既可引導名詞性從句，也可引導讓步狀語從句，引導讓步狀語從句時相當于no matter what/who/which。 (2)however用作連接副詞，相當于no matter how，引導讓步狀語從句，意為“不管怎樣，無論如何”，從句結構為：however＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語。

　　④If we work with a strong will, we'll overcome any difficulty, ________ ________ ________ ________(無論有多么大)． 答案：①whenever it is convenient to you　②whoever has a sense of responsibility　③Whatever advice I gave him　④however great it is(＝it may be) 2．The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到絕望的時候，一艘船發現了我。 此句中的when為并列連詞，意為“正在這時(突然)”。 歸納拓展 類似常見的句型： had just/hardly done ... when ... 剛做完……這時…… be doing ... when ... 正在做……這時…… be about to do ... when ... 正要做……這時…… be on the point of doing ... when ... 正要做……這時…… be on the way to ... when ... 正在……這時……

　　③I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (剛開始欣賞畫) when the teacher said it was time to leave the museum. 答案：①was about to turn round and leave　②were swimming in the lake　③had just/hardly started to admire the painting

　　3．Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. 嗯，夜晚來臨的時候，我發現自己被一陣強風刮進了海里。 “find sb./sth.＋過去分詞”結構表示“發現……被……”，過去分詞在句中作賓語補足語。

　　歸納拓展 (1)find后可接動詞的現在分詞作賓語補足語，表示主動或正在進行；也可接形容詞、名詞、介詞短語等作賓語補足語，表示主動。 (2)可用于這種結構的動詞還有：see，hear，watch，notice，have等。

　　③Peter, who was usually shy, found himself ________(talk) to the girls. 彼得通常很害羞，但卻發現自己不知不覺已在跟女孩子們說話。 ④I often heard the poem ________(recite)． 我經常聽到有人背這首詩。 答案：①surrounded　②walking　③talking　④recited 基礎知識鞏固 答案：for　句意：——最近杰克不集中精力學習。——是的，這可能是他上次考試得分低的原因。account for...“解釋，是……的原因”符合句意。 答案：On　句意：中國夢的實現不會影響其他國家的夢想，相反地，這會幫助他們實現夢想。由句意可知，選on the contrary，意為“相反地”。 答案：Whenever　考查讓步狀語從句。句意：無論何時我要進行演講，在開始前我都會極其緊張。 Unit 3　 The Million Pound Bank Note 必修三 第一部分　基礎知識聚焦 考點探究演練 2 基礎知識鞏固 3 課時規范訓練 4 基礎知識晨記 1 基礎知識晨記 Ⅰ.單詞速記 A．快速識記 1．________ vi.凝視；盯著看 2．________ n．出生地；故鄉 3．________ vi.& n．鞠躬；彎腰 4．________ vt.& vi.尋找；尋求 5．________ adv.在前；向前；提前 6．________ n．短語；詞組；慣用語 7．________ adv.真正地；確實 8．________ n．(戲劇)一場；現場；場面 9．________ vi.尖叫　n．尖叫聲；喊叫聲 stare birthplace bow seek ahead phrase indeed scene scream 10．________ n．反面；對立面　adj.相反的 11．________ vt.發現；認出　n．斑點；污點；地點 12．________ vt.& vi.說明；認為　n．說明；理由；賬目 13．________ n．作家；作者→(同義詞)________ 14．________ n．小說；長篇故事→________ n．小說家 15．________ adj.粗魯的；無禮的→________ n．粗魯；無禮 16．________ n．過錯；缺點→________ adj.錯誤的；虛偽的 17．_____________ adj.難以置信的→(反義詞)________ adj.可信的 contrary spot account

　　author

　　writer

　　novel

　　novelist

　　rude

　　rudeness

　　fault

　　false

　　unbelievable

　　believable

　　18．________ vt.& vi.允許；準許 n．許可證；通行證→___________ n．允許；許可 19．________ n．冒險；奇遇→___________ adj.充滿危險的；愛冒險的→___________ n．探險家 20．________ n．耐心；耐性→________ adj.有耐心的→(反義詞)________ adj.不耐煩的；沒耐心的 permit

　　permission

　　adventure

　　adventurous

　　adventurer patience

　　patient

　　impatient

　　B．歸類巧記 1．與“過失”與“沖突”相關的高頻單詞集錦 ①fault n． 過錯 ②argument n.

　　爭吵；爭論 ③blame n.

　　(對錯誤或壞事應負的)責任 ④conflict n.

　　沖突 ⑤collision n.

　　碰撞；沖突

　　2．“視覺”家庭 ①stare at

　　盯著看；凝視 ②glare at

　　怒目而視 ③glance at

　　瞥一眼；看一眼 ④look at

　　看一看；瞧一瞧 ⑤catch sight of

　　看見 ⑥catch a glimpse of

　　瞥一眼；看一眼

　　3．與“金融”相關的高頻單詞薈萃 ①account n.

　　賬目；賬本 ②budget n.

　　預算(案) ③capital n.

　　資金；資本 ④cheque n.

　　支票 ⑤interest n.

　　利息 ⑥withdraw vt.

　　提取 Ⅱ.高頻短語 1．撫養；提出_______________________ 2．打賭_______________________ 3．前進；可以；往下說_______________________ 4．偶然；無意中_______________________ 5．凝視；盯著看_______________________ 6．導致；做出解釋_______________________ 7．與此相反；正相反_______________________ 8．冒險_______________________ 9．衣衫襤褸_______________________ bring up

　　make a bet

　　go ahead

　　by accident

　　stare at

　　account for

　　on the contrary

　　take a chance

　　in rags

　　10．對于；關于_______________________ 11．對某人粗魯_______________________ 12．找茬；挑某人的毛病_______________________ 13．大量的(接不可數名詞)_______________________ 14．提前_______________________ 15．向某人鞠躬_______________________ 16．徘徊；閑逛；流浪_______________________ 17．當場；在現場______________________ 18．允許某人做某事_______________________ 19．對待；處理；處置_______________________ 20．迷路；傾心于某事_______________________ as for

　　be rude to sb.

　　find fault with sb.

　　a large amount of

　　ahead of time(＝in advance)

　　bow to sb.

　　wander about/around

　　on the spot

　　permit sb.to do sth.

　　do with

　　be lost

　　Ⅲ.佳句填空 1．I wonder, Mr. Adams, ________ you'd mind us ________(ask)a few questions. 亞當斯先生，不知你是否介意我們問幾個問題。 2．It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, ________ is lost in London and does not know ________ he should do. 他叫亨利·亞當斯，一個美國商人，在倫敦迷了路，不知道該怎么辦。 3．Well, ________ nightfall I found myself ________(carry) out to sea by a strong wind. 哦，快到黃昏的時候，我發現自己被一陣大風刮到了大海上。 4．The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost ________ I was spotted by ________ ship. 第二天早上，我正感到絕望的時候，一艘船發現了我。 5．The fact is that I earned my passage ________ working as an unpaid hand, ________ accounts for my appearance. 事實上我靠做義工頂替船費，這就是我衣冠不整的原因。

　　6．He ________(bring) up in Hanniba, Missouri, along the Mississippi River. 他在密西西比河邊的密蘇里州的漢尼拔長大。 答案：1.if; asking　2.who; what　3.towards; carried 4．when; a　5.by; which　6.was brought Ⅳ.語法過關 賓語從句和表語從句 1．Experts said in a Tuesday statement ________ southern China will continue to experience snow, rain and freezing temperatures in the next few days. 答案：that　考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意：在周二的一個聲明中，專家說華南地區在接下來的幾天里將繼續有雨雪天氣和冰點以下的溫度。此處為said后的賓語從句，且從句句意完整，空處不作成分，故用that引導。 2．The reason for his absence yesterday was ________ he did have something to do. 答案：that　考查名詞性從句。句意：他昨天缺席的原因是他確實有事情要做。The reason for...is that...意為“……的原因是……”。 3．Our bad living habits will destroy the earth. Only by changing ________ we live can we save the earth. 答案：how　考查名詞性從句。句意：我們壞的生活習慣會毀掉地球。只有通過改變生活方式，我們才能拯救地球。“________ we live”在句中作change的賓語，這個賓語從句中缺少方式狀語。 4．Some place names have been changing over the years. For example, Jinling in ancient China refers to ____ is now called Nanjing. 答案：what　考查名詞性從句。句意：有些地名隨著時間的流逝而變化。例如，中國古代的“金陵”指的就是現在的“南京”。空處引導賓語從句，賓語從句缺少主語，故用what。 5．You are sure to know the result, but that's ________ everybody has finished their work. 答案：when　考查名詞性從句。分析句子結構可知，“________ everybody has finished their work”是表語從句，關系詞表示“當……的時候”，故用when。

　　Ⅴ.語篇填空 HENRY: Oh, yes. Well, towards nightfall I found myself ①________(carry) out to sea by a strong wind. It was all my fault. I didn't know whether I could survive until morning. The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost ②________ I was spotted by a ship. OLIVER: And ③________ was the ship that brought you to England. HENRY: Yes. The fact is that I earned my passage by working ④________ an unpaid hand, which accounts for my ⑤________(appear). I went to the American embassy ⑥________(seek) help, but ... (The brothers smile at each other.) RODERICK: Well, you mustn't worry about that. It's ⑦________ advantage. HENRY: I'm afraid I don't quite follow you, sir. RODERICK: Tell us, Mr Adams, what sort of work did you do in America?

　　HENRY: I worked for a mining company. Could you offer ⑧________ some kind of work here? RODERICK: Patience, Mr Adams. ⑨________ you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have? HENRY: Well, to be honest, I have ⑩________. 答案：①carried　②when　③it　④as　⑤appearance　⑥to seek　⑦an　⑧me　⑨If　⑩none 考點探究演練 1.scene n. (戲劇) 場；現場；場面；情景 歸納拓展 the scene of the crime/accident 犯罪/事故現場 make a scene 大吵大鬧 behind the scenes 暗中；秘密地；幕后 appear/come on the scene 出現；到場；在場 on the scene 在現場；當場 set the scene 提供條件；(為……)做好準備 辨析　scene/scenery/view 詞匯 含義 scene 指都市景觀或室內陳設，還可指舞臺場面或部分布景，常包括人、事、物的活動在內，是可數名詞 scenery 指山、河、湖、海等自然景觀，尤指鄉間景色；也可指舞臺全部，是不可數名詞 view 指從遠處或高處看到的風景，常指一個人的視野。have/get a good view of ... “能清楚地看到……的景色”

　　④Reporters were ________ ________ ________(到場) soon after the accident. 答案：①make a scene　②to get a good view　③the scene of the accident　④on the scene

　　2．permit v. 允許；容許；許可　n. 許可證；執照；通行證 歸納拓展 (1)permit sth./doing sth. 允許某事/做某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事 [溫馨提示]permit用作不及物動詞，可表示時間、條件、天氣等“允許的話”，此時常用于獨立主格結構，即“名詞＋現在分詞”，也可在前面加if表示條件。 (2)an entry permit 入境證 a driver's/driving permit 駕駛執照 permission n. 允許；許可 (3)with/without sb.'s permission 得到允許/未經允許 ask for permission 請求允許 give sb. permission to do sth. ＝permit sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事 ③You are not permitted ________ (use) the room. 你們不被允許使用這間屋子。 ④________ permission, you shouldn't leave the room. 未經許可，你不能離開這個房間。 ⑤__________________________， we will go boating tomorrow. 假設時間允許，我們明天就去劃船。 答案：①to enter　②parking　③to use　④Without　⑤Time permitting (＝If time permits)

　　3．spot vt. 發現；注意到；認出　n. 斑點；污點；地點 歸納拓展 on the spot(＝on the scene) 當場；當下 put sb. on the spot 使某人尷尬；使某人為難 a scenic/historic spot 風景名勝/古跡 be spotted with sth. 滿是……污點；散布，點綴 spot sb. do/doing sth. 看到某人(正在)做某事