課時(shí)作業(yè)19　Unit 4　Body language

　　一、單元扣點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練

　?、?短語(yǔ)填空

　　1．It was getting dark. We had to ________ in the forest for the night.

　　2．Animals are ________ fond of eating and moving in company.

　　3．When he failed to beat his opponent he felt he had ________ with his friends.

　　4．It is a timid animal but will fight like a tiger ________ its young.

　　5．The risk of affection hasn't decreased—________， it has increased.

　　6．________， food poisoning happens during summer.

　　7．I was wondering why you seemed to want to keep everybody ________.

　　8．One of the men suddenly ________ a hand and grabbed my arm.

　　9．Steps are being taken to ________ the city ________ attack.

　　10．The mother felt ________ after being informed that her children were safe.

　　答案　1.put up　2.in general　3.lost face　4.in defence of　5.on the contrary　6.In most cases　7.at a distance　8.reached out　9.defend; against　10.at ease

　?、?完成句子

　　1．When Darlence Coulon from France ______________________(匆忙走進(jìn)門(mén)), she recognized Tony Garcia's smiling face. (dash)

　　答案　came dashing through the door

　　2．These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways ______________________(文化發(fā)展的不同方式而已). (develop)

　　答案　in which cultures have developed

　　3．The most universal facial expression is，of course, the smile— its function is ______________________(表示快樂(lè)，安人心境). (ease)

　　答案　to show happiness and put people at ease

　?、?模仿造句

　　1．The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.

　　[翻譯]哥倫布是第一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲的人。

　　答案　Columbus was the first person to discover America.

　　2．She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as_if_in_defence.

　　[翻譯]他東張西望，似乎在尋找什么。

　　答案　He looked around，as if in search of something.

　　3．Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor_are_they_comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.

　　[翻譯]不可能掩蓋事實(shí)真相了，也沒(méi)有這個(gè)必要了。

　　答案　It is no longer possible to hide the truth, nor is there any need to do so.

　　4．In general, though,_studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today's world of cultural crossroads!

　　[翻譯]我們隊(duì)輸了，可是這也不失為一場(chǎng)好球。

　　答案　Our team lost. It was a good game，though.

　　5．Being respectful to people is subjective, based_on each culture.

　　[翻譯]現(xiàn)在很多人不是根據(jù)他們的興趣而是根據(jù)工作保障來(lái)選擇職業(yè)。

　　答案　Nowadays many people choose careers based on job security rather than their interest.

　　二、閱讀理解

　　(2024·重慶卷)

　　At thirteen, I was diagnosed (診斷) with a kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.

　　In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.”

　　She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are no different from your classmates, young man.”

　　I tried, but I didn't finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home.

　　In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education. But Louis didn't give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (點(diǎn)), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.

　　Wasn't I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was no different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up?

　　I didn't expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: ?See what you can do when you keep trying？”

　　語(yǔ)篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己克服注意力障礙，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)新的自己的經(jīng)歷。

　　1．The author didn't finish the reading in class because ________.

　　A. he was new to the class

　　B. he was tired of literature

　　C. he had an attention disorder

　　D. he wanted to take the task home

　　答案與解析　C　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第一段作者就談到他有注意力障礙，第二段的尾句說(shuō)明作者認(rèn)為自己的身體狀況使他不能完成老師布置的任務(wù)。

　　2．What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage?

　　A. He had good sight.

　　B. He made a great invention.

　　C. He gave up reading.

　　D. He learned a lot from school.

　　答案與解析　B　考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第五段的“he invented a reading system of raised dots (點(diǎn))”可知，Louis Braille為盲人發(fā)明了一種非常有用的閱讀體系。

　　3．What was Mrs. Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story?

　　A. Angry.

　　B. Impatient.

　　C. Sympathetic.

　　D. Encouraging.

　　答案與解析　D　考查推理判斷。文章尾段作者的老師Mrs. Smith寫(xiě)道“See what you can do when you keep trying？”說(shuō)明了這位老師對(duì)作者的肯定，她在鼓勵(lì)作者繼續(xù)努力。

　　4．What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. The disabled should be treated with respect.

　　B. A teacher can open up a new world to students.

　　C. One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.

　　D. Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.

　　答案與解析　C　考查主旨大意。作者在文中講述了自己經(jīng)過(guò)努力，終于完成了任務(wù)的經(jīng)歷。由這件事可以看出，只要努力克服困難就能夠成功。

　　三、完形填空

　　(2024·江西南昌模擬)

　　Reading and learning new words is about finding their meaning and use within a passage. The meaning of unknown words which you __1__ in your reading sometimes can be known by their __2__， that is, their contexts. The context of the sentence can tell us the part of speech (詞性) of the __3__ word. Using the context of the paragraph to define unknown words can also be __4__.

　　Readers often have trouble because they understand the sentence word by word instead the __5__ meaning of a word, when they should identify the way it has been used in the passage.

　　One consideration in using the context is to determine the unknown word's part of speech. The words around the unknown word can give you __6__. Once you know if the word is a noun or an adjective, it is often enough for you to __7__ reading without having to stop to look up the meaning of the word. After coming across the word a few more times, you will know its meaning more __8__ than if you had just looked it up.

　　Comparison clues indicate that two or more things are __9__. A comparison is possible because the known and unknown words have __10__. The likeness shows you that comparisons can be made.

　　__11__ clues tell you an example of an unknown word. Example clues are usually __12__ by the following words and phrases: such as, for example, and like.

　　To find meaning from textbased clues, you should look for clues in the sentence. A second kind of clue does not __13__ on specific words to indicate meaning. This kind of context clue is called a frameworkbased clue. Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words __14__ you discover the meaning of a word or sentence. Common __15__ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help defining unknown words. For example, the angry driver shouted vehemently during his fight with the other driver. What does “vehemently” __16__？ You know what __17__ means, and you know how people __18__ when they argue. From this, you can __19__ out that “vehemently” has something to do with strong __20__ or intense feelings.

　　1．A. take down

　　B. look up

　　C. come across

　　D. pick out

　　2．A. sentences

　　B. words

　　C. topics

　　D. surroundings

　　3．A. unknown

　　B. abnormal

　　C. familiar

　　D. negative

　　4．A. unique

　　B. natural

　　C. helpful

　　D. common

　　5．A. correct

　　B. inconvenient

　　C. different

　　D. satisfactory

　　6．A. cases

　　B. reasons

　　C. effects

　　D. clues

　　7．A. translate

　　B. interview

　　C. continue

　　D. examine

　　8．A. strangely

　　B. uncertainly

　　C. potentially

　　D. firmly

　　9．A. alike

　　B. meaningful

　　C. proper

　　D. great

　　10．A. properties

　　B. similarities

　　C. possibilities

　　D. personalities

　　11．A. Popularity

　　B. Consideration

　　C. Example

　　D. Comparison

　　12．A. affected

　　B. adjusted

　　C. changed

　　D. introduced

　　13．A. focus

　　B. spend

　　C. carry

　　D. rely

　　14．A. prevents

　　B. helps

　　C. tells

　　D. displays

　　15．A. point

　　B. taste

　　C. awareness

　　D. sense

　　16．A. mean

　　B. use

　　C. contain

　　D. complete

　　17．A. angry

　　B. grateful

　　C. happy

　　D. anxious

　　18．A. act

　　B. say

　　C. feel

　　D. think

　　19．A. come

　　B. figure

　　C. take

　　D. set

　　20．A. demand

　　B. ambition

　　C. attitude

　　D. emotion

　　答案與解析　

　　語(yǔ)篇解讀　本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了幾種根據(jù)上下文學(xué)習(xí)生詞的方法和技巧。

　　1．C　有時(shí)候你在閱讀中所遇到的生詞的意思可以通過(guò)語(yǔ)境知道其含義。take down意為“記下”；look up意為“查閱”；come across意為“遇見(jiàn)”；pick out意為“找出”。下文中的“After coming across the word a few more times”也是提示，故C項(xiàng)正確。

　　2．D　根據(jù)“that is”可知，此空與contexts是同義詞，與下文中的“The words around the unknown word”和“Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words”呼應(yīng)，故D項(xiàng)正確。

　　3．A　句子的語(yǔ)境可以告訴我們生詞的詞性。與上文中的“unknown words”呼應(yīng)可知，此處是指生詞，即A項(xiàng)正確。abnormal意為“不正常的”；familiar意為“熟悉的”；negative意為“負(fù)面的”。

　　4．C　利用段落的語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定生詞也是有幫助的。與下文中的“Common __15__ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help in defining unknown words”呼應(yīng)，即C項(xiàng)正確。

　　5．A　當(dāng)讀者本應(yīng)該確認(rèn)一個(gè)詞在語(yǔ)境中的用法時(shí)，讀者經(jīng)常遇到麻煩，因?yàn)樗麄冎鹪~理解句子而不是(理解)一個(gè)詞的正確意思。根據(jù)空格前的“Readers often have trouble”可推知，讀者沒(méi)有理解一個(gè)詞的正確意思，即A項(xiàng)正確。

　　6．D　生詞周?chē)脑~可以給你(提供)線(xiàn)索。與下文中的“Comparison clues”呼應(yīng)，即D項(xiàng)正確。

　　7．C　一旦你知道了這個(gè)詞是名詞還是形容詞，那么你就可以不必停下來(lái)去查找這個(gè)詞的意思而繼續(xù)讀下去。根據(jù)空格后的“without having to stop”可知，此處應(yīng)用continue“繼續(xù)”，故C項(xiàng)正確。

　　8．D　strangely意為“奇怪地”；uncertainly意為“猶豫地”；potentially意為“潛在地”；firmly意為“堅(jiān)定地”。根據(jù)空格前的“After coming across the word a few more times”可知，在生詞出現(xiàn)的頻率較高的情況下，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，讀者就可以更加確定其具體的含義，即D項(xiàng)正確。

　　9．A　比較性線(xiàn)索表明兩個(gè)或多個(gè)事物是相似的。根據(jù)下文中的“Words likewise”可知，此處表示事物的相似性，即A項(xiàng)正確。

　　10．B　之所以可以比較是因?yàn)檎J(rèn)識(shí)的詞和不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞之間有相似性。根據(jù)下文中的“The likeness”可知，此處指詞義相近，similarity意為“相似性”，符合語(yǔ)境。

　　11．C　例子線(xiàn)索會(huì)通過(guò)舉例來(lái)提示讀者對(duì)生詞的理解。與空格后的“an example”和“Example clues”呼應(yīng)，故C項(xiàng)正確。

　　12．D　例子線(xiàn)索通常通過(guò)以下詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)提出。affect意為“影響”；adjust意為“調(diào)整”；change“改變”；introduce“提出”。故D項(xiàng)正確。

　　13．D　另一種線(xiàn)索并不是靠具體的詞來(lái)表明(生詞的)意思的。與上文“textbased clues”形成對(duì)比，這種線(xiàn)索不是依賴(lài)上下文而得出詞義的，故D項(xiàng)正確。rely on意為“依賴(lài)”，符合語(yǔ)境。

　　14．B　你對(duì)語(yǔ)境中詞的意思的理解有助于你了解一個(gè)詞或一個(gè)句子的意思。故B項(xiàng)正確。

　　15．D　常識(shí)和對(duì)詞性的了解也有助于(讀者)給生詞下定義。固定搭配：comment sense意為“常識(shí)”，符合語(yǔ)境，故D項(xiàng)正確。

　　16．A　“vehemently”是什么意思呢？與下文中的“You know what __17__ means”形成呼應(yīng)，A項(xiàng)正確。

　　17．A　你知道angry是什么意思，而且你(也)知道人們?cè)跔?zhēng)辯時(shí)的感受。與上文中的“the angry driver”呼應(yīng)，故A項(xiàng)正確。

　　18．C　根據(jù)上文中的“the angry driver”和空格所在句中的“how people __18__ when they argue”可推知，此處表示情感和感受，故C項(xiàng)正確。

　　19．B　由此你可以弄清楚“vehemently”與強(qiáng)烈的情感或緊張的情緒有關(guān)。come out意為“出現(xiàn)，出版”；figure out意為“弄明白”；take out意為“切除”；set out意為“出發(fā)”。

　　20．D　demand意為“要求”；ambition意為“野心”；attitude意為“態(tài)度”；emotion意為“情感”。與語(yǔ)境“or intense feelings”呼應(yīng)可知，此處表示情感，故D項(xiàng)正確。