語法專練五　名詞性從句

　　一、單句填空

　　1.(2024浙江,6)If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate 　is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.?

　　2.(2024重慶,8)We must find out 　Karl is coming,so we can book a room for him.?

　　3.(2024福建,29)—I wonder　Mary has kept her figure after all these years.?

　　—By working out every day.

　　4.(2024湖南,26)You have to know 　youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.?

　　5.(2024陜西,19)Reading her biography,I was lost in admiration for 　 Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.?

　　6.(2024四川,8)The exhibition tells us 　we should do something to stop air pollution.?

　　7.(2024大綱全國,24)Exactly　the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain,but it was probably around 1565.?

　　8.(2024北京,30)The best moment for the football star was　he scored the winning goal.?

　　9.(2024天津,14)I think　impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.?

　　10.(2024陜西,15)　the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.?

　　11.(2024四川,2)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said,“Thats　I was born.”?

　　12.(2024山東,30)Its good to know　the dogs will be well cared for while were away.?

　　13.(2024浙江,16)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief　you are better than anyone else on the sports field.?

　　14.We promise　attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.?

　　15.—Its my treat today.Is there anything particular you would like to have?

　　—　you choose is fine with me.?

　　16.“Every time you eat a sweet,drink green tea.”This is　my mother used to tell me.?

　　17.—What a mess! You are always so lazy!

　　—Im not to blame,mum.I am　you have made me.?

　　18.　Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature made us very proud.?

　　19.He stared at the empty bottle for a while,feeling happy that he had sent the butterfly back to　it belonged—nature.?

　　20.The road is covered with snow.I can’t understand　they insist on going by motorbike.?

　　二、語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　It was reported　1　there was an accident at a corner of the Roman Street this morning.No one saw　2　on earth happened then.A car ran into a truck but fortunately,nobody got injured.　3　will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation.The police were uncertain　4　the driver was guilty.　5　the police should do now is　6　they must find out what led to the accident.They said it was difficult for them to judge because　7　the accident happened is not clear.Perhaps the reason was　8　the driver was too tired to stop the car in time.The driver didnt admit the fact　9　he was over-speed driving at the turning.The police doubted　10　what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.?

　　1.2.3.4.5.　?

　　6.7.8.9.10.　?

　　三、短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

　　增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。

　　修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

　　2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　After school,I was about to enter into my apartment when I saw a little dirty dog lie beside the dustbin.He looked extremely weak.Immediately the homeless dog filled me of sympathy.So I decided to take him home.I gave him some food and a bath.After the bath he looked energy and refreshed.What a lovely dog!When my parents got home,I asked that I could keep the dog.To my surprised and joy,they agreed.Up to now,he has become member of our family and everyone had enjoyed his company.Looked at the cute,happy dog today,I realize that I was right to help him.I offered him a shelter but he has brought ourselves great happiness and laughter.

　　答案全解全析

　　一、單句填空

　　1.what　句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳,一定要查明水下的狀況。經常會有巖石或樹枝隱藏在水中。“　is below the water surface”為賓語從句,作動詞investigate的賓語,該從句中缺少主語且表示“事物”,故答案為what。?

　　2.when 　句意:我們必須弄清楚卡爾什么時候來,以便我們可以為他預訂房間。“　 Karl is coming”為賓語從句,作動詞短語find out的賓語,該從句中缺少時間狀語,故答案為when。?

　　3.how　句意:——我想知道這么些年來瑪麗是如何保持體形的。 ——通過每天鍛煉身體。“　Mary has kept her figure after all these years”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少方式狀語,故答案為how。?

　　4.where　句意:如果你要計劃到那里的最好路線,你就得知道你將要往哪兒走。“　youre going”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少地點狀語,故答案為where。?

　　5.what　句意:讀著她的自傳,我沉浸在對Doris Lessing在文學上獲得的成就的崇拜之中。“　 Doris Lessing had achieved in literature”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少賓語且表示“事物”,故答案為what。?

　　6.why　句意:這個展覽告訴我們為什么我們應該做一些事情來阻止空氣污染。“　we should do something to stop air pollution”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少原因狀語,故答案為why。?

　　7. when　句意:土豆被引入歐洲的確切時間不能確定,但很可能是1565年左右。分析句子結構可知,設空處為主語從句的引導詞,從around 1565判斷,這里指時間,故填when。

　　8. when　句意:對于這個足球明星來說最美好的時刻就是他踢進決勝球的時候。根據設空處前面的“The best moment”可知表語從句中缺少時間狀語,故填when。

　　9.what 　句意:我認為他的畫使我印象深刻的是他對色彩的使用。根據分析可知在主語從句　impresses me about his painting中,所缺的詞作主語且表示“物”,所以填what。?

　　10.When　句意:延遲的航班什么時間起飛主要取決于天氣狀況。通過分析句子結構可知,本句是含主語從句的復合句。根據句意填When。

　　11.where　句意:奶奶指著那家醫院說:“那就是我出生的地方。”本題考查表語從句。根據句意可知設空處引導表語從句,故填where。

　　12.that　句意:得知在我們離開期間這些狗會得到很好的照顧,這真是太好了。“the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away”為賓語從句,該從句結構和意義完整,故用that。

　　13.that　句意:在最高水平上取得成功的唯一方法就是要完全相信在(那個)運動場上,你比其他任何人都優秀。本題空格處引導的句子為同位語從句,從句結構和意義完整,填that。

　　14.whoever　句意:我們承諾無論誰參加聚會,都有一次機會與這位電影明星合影。這里whoever(=anyone who)引導賓語從句,并且在從句中作主語。

　　15.Whatever　句意:——今天我請客,有沒有什么你特別想吃的?——你選什么都可以。

　　16.what　句意:“每次你吃糖果的時候,喝點綠茶。”這就是我媽媽過去常常告訴我的。根據句意可知,設空處引導表語從句,引導詞在從句中作賓語且表示物,因此填what。

　　17.what　句意:——真是太亂了!你總是這么懶惰!——媽媽,別責怪我。是你使我成為了現在這個樣子的。根據分析可知am后為表語從句,根據句意和表語從句中缺賓補的情況可知填what。

　　18.That　考查主語從句引導詞。句意:莫言獲得了2024年諾貝爾文學獎,這使我們感到非常驕傲。Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature是一個完整的句子,不缺成分,主語從句中不缺成分時,需要用連接詞that引導。

　　19.where　考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意:他盯著空瓶子看了一會兒,感到非常高興,因為他已經把蝴蝶放歸到屬于它的地方——大自然。send...back to“送回”;where引導的從句作賓語;where在從句中作狀語。

　　20.why　考查賓語從句引導詞。根據句意可知,路被雪覆蓋了,而他們還堅持騎摩托車,“我”不能明白的顯然是原因,因此答案是why。

　　二、語法填空

　　[語篇解讀]　本文為應用文,報道了一起交通事故。

　　1.that　句意:據報道,今天早上在羅馬大街的拐角處發生了一起交通事故。it為形式主語,that引導的從句是真正的主語。

　　2.what　句意:沒人看到當時究竟發生了什么。what引導賓語從句作saw的賓語,從句中缺少主語且表示事物,故用what引導。

　　3.Who　句意:誰應對這一事故負責仍然在調查中。“　3　will be responsible for the accident”為主語從句,該從句中缺少主語且表示“人”,故用who引導。?

　　4.whether　句意:警察不能確定司機是否有罪。根據題干中的uncertain可知設空處表示“是否”。

　　5.What　句意:現在警察應做的就是他們必須弄清楚事故的起因。what引導主語從句,在從句中作do的賓語。

　　6.that　“　6　they must find out what led to the accident”為表語從句,該從句結構完整,不缺少任何成分,所以用that引導。?

　　7.how　句意:他們說他們很難下結論,因為事故是如何發生的還不清楚。根據句意可知設空處應為表示方式的連接副詞how。

　　8.that　句意:也許是因為司機疲勞駕駛沒能及時剎住車。The reason was that...為固定句式,意思是“原因是……”。

　　9.that　句意:司機不承認他在拐角處超速駕駛。that引導同位語從句,解釋fact的具體內容。

　　10.whether　句意:警察懷疑他所說的話的真實性,決定作進一步的調查。doubted(肯定式)后面的賓語從句常用whether引導。doubt在否定句或疑問句中時,后面常用that來引導從句。

　　三、短文改錯

　　1.第一句:去掉into　enter是一個及物動詞,表達“進入……”時后面不用跟介詞。

　　2.第一句:lie→lying　此處考查非謂語動詞作賓補,賓語a little dirty dog與lie之間是主動關系,應該用v.-ing形式。

　　3.第三句:of→with　固定搭配fill sb./sth.with用……裝滿……。

　　4.第六句:energy→energetic　此處考查兩個并列的形容詞作表語。

　　5.第八句:that→if/whether　根據語境可知該賓語從句應該用if或whether引導。

　　6.第九句:surprised→surprise　在該結構中要用名詞,to ones surprise令某人驚訝的是。

　　7.第十句:member前加a　member是一個可數名詞,根據語境可知此處表達“一個成員”。

　　8.第十句:had→has　根據題干中的has become可知此處應用現在完成時。

　　9.第十一句:Looked→Looking　此處考查非謂語動詞作狀語,主語I與look之間是主動關系,應該用v.-ing形式。

　　10.第十二句:ourselves→us　根據語境和句子結構可知此處應該用賓格代詞us充當brought的賓語。

　　語法專練五　名詞性從句

　　一、單句填空

　　1.(2024浙江,6)If you swim in a river or lake,be sure to investigate 　is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.?

　　2.(2024重慶,8)We must find out 　Karl is coming,so we can book a room for him.?

　　3.(2024福建,29)—I wonder　Mary has kept her figure after all these years.?

　　—By working out every day.

　　4.(2024湖南,26)You have to know 　youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.?

　　5.(2024陜西,19)Reading her biography,I was lost in admiration for 　 Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.?

　　6.(2024四川,8)The exhibition tells us 　we should do something to stop air pollution.?

　　7.(2024大綱全國,24)Exactly　the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain,but it was probably around 1565.?

　　8.(2024北京,30)The best moment for the football star was　he scored the winning goal.?

　　9.(2024天津,14)I think　impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.?

　　10.(2024陜西,15)　the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.?

　　11.(2024四川,2)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said,“Thats　I was born.”?

　　12.(2024山東,30)Its good to know　the dogs will be well cared for while were away.?

　　13.(2024浙江,16)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief　you are better than anyone else on the sports field.?

　　14.We promise　attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.?

　　15.—Its my treat today.Is there anything particular you would like to have?

　　—　you choose is fine with me.?

　　16.“Every time you eat a sweet,drink green tea.”This is　my mother used to tell me.?

　　17.—What a mess! You are always so lazy!

　　—Im not to blame,mum.I am　you have made me.?

　　18.　Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature made us very proud.?

　　19.He stared at the empty bottle for a while,feeling happy that he had sent the butterfly back to　it belonged—nature.?

　　20.The road is covered with snow.I can’t understand　they insist on going by motorbike.?

　　二、語法填空

　　閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。

　　It was reported　1　there was an accident at a corner of the Roman Street this morning.No one saw　2　on earth happened then.A car ran into a truck but fortunately,nobody got injured.　3　will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation.The police were uncertain　4　the driver was guilty.　5　the police should do now is　6　they must find out what led to the accident.They said it was difficult for them to judge because　7　the accident happened is not clear.Perhaps the reason was　8　the driver was too tired to stop the car in time.The driver didnt admit the fact　9　he was over-speed driving at the turning.The police doubted　10　what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.?

　　1.2.3.4.5.　?

　　6.7.8.9.10.　?

　　三、短文改錯

　　假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

　　增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

　　刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(劃掉。

　　修改:在錯的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

　　注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

　　2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分。

　　After school,I was about to enter into my apartment when I saw a little dirty dog lie beside the dustbin.He looked extremely weak.Immediately the homeless dog filled me of sympathy.So I decided to take him home.I gave him some food and a bath.After the bath he looked energy and refreshed.What a lovely dog!When my parents got home,I asked that I could keep the dog.To my surprised and joy,they agreed.Up to now,he has become member of our family and everyone had enjoyed his company.Looked at the cute,happy dog today,I realize that I was right to help him.I offered him a shelter but he has brought ourselves great happiness and laughter.

　　答案全解全析

　　一、單句填空

　　1.what　句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳,一定要查明水下的狀況。經常會有巖石或樹枝隱藏在水中。“　is below the water surface”為賓語從句,作動詞investigate的賓語,該從句中缺少主語且表示“事物”,故答案為what。?

　　2.when 　句意:我們必須弄清楚卡爾什么時候來,以便我們可以為他預訂房間。“　 Karl is coming”為賓語從句,作動詞短語find out的賓語,該從句中缺少時間狀語,故答案為when。?

　　3.how　句意:——我想知道這么些年來瑪麗是如何保持體形的。 ——通過每天鍛煉身體。“　Mary has kept her figure after all these years”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少方式狀語,故答案為how。?

　　4.where　句意:如果你要計劃到那里的最好路線,你就得知道你將要往哪兒走。“　youre going”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少地點狀語,故答案為where。?

　　5.what　句意:讀著她的自傳,我沉浸在對Doris Lessing在文學上獲得的成就的崇拜之中。“　 Doris Lessing had achieved in literature”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少賓語且表示“事物”,故答案為what。?

　　6.why　句意:這個展覽告訴我們為什么我們應該做一些事情來阻止空氣污染。“　we should do something to stop air pollution”為賓語從句,該從句中缺少原因狀語,故答案為why。?

　　7. when　句意:土豆被引入歐洲的確切時間不能確定,但很可能是1565年左右。分析句子結構可知,設空處為主語從句的引導詞,從around 1565判斷,這里指時間,故填when。

　　8. when　句意:對于這個足球明星來說最美好的時刻就是他踢進決勝球的時候。根據設空處前面的“The best moment”可知表語從句中缺少時間狀語,故填when。

　　9.what 　句意:我認為他的畫使我印象深刻的是他對色彩的使用。根據分析可知在主語從句　impresses me about his painting中,所缺的詞作主語且表示“物”,所以填what。?

　　10.When　句意:延遲的航班什么時間起飛主要取決于天氣狀況。通過分析句子結構可知,本句是含主語從句的復合句。根據句意填When。

　　11.where　句意:奶奶指著那家醫院說:“那就是我出生的地方。”本題考查表語從句。根據句意可知設空處引導表語從句,故填where。

　　12.that　句意:得知在我們離開期間這些狗會得到很好的照顧,這真是太好了。“the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away”為賓語從句,該從句結構和意義完整,故用that。

　　13.that　句意:在最高水平上取得成功的唯一方法就是要完全相信在(那個)運動場上,你比其他任何人都優秀。本題空格處引導的句子為同位語從句,從句結構和意義完整,填that。

　　14.whoever　句意:我們承諾無論誰參加聚會,都有一次機會與這位電影明星合影。這里whoever(=anyone who)引導賓語從句,并且在從句中作主語。

　　15.Whatever　句意:——今天我請客,有沒有什么你特別想吃的?——你選什么都可以。

　　16.what　句意:“每次你吃糖果的時候,喝點綠茶。”這就是我媽媽過去常常告訴我的。根據句意可知,設空處引導表語從句,引導詞在從句中作賓語且表示物,因此填what。

　　17.what　句意:——真是太亂了!你總是這么懶惰!——媽媽,別責怪我。是你使我成為了現在這個樣子的。根據分析可知am后為表語從句,根據句意和表語從句中缺賓補的情況可知填what。

　　18.That　考查主語從句引導詞。句意:莫言獲得了2024年諾貝爾文學獎,這使我們感到非常驕傲。Mo Yan had been awarded the 2024 Nobel Prize for Literature是一個完整的句子,不缺成分,主語從句中不缺成分時,需要用連接詞that引導。

　　19.where　考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意:他盯著空瓶子看了一會兒,感到非常高興,因為他已經把蝴蝶放歸到屬于它的地方——大自然。send...back to“送回”;where引導的從句作賓語;where在從句中作狀語。

　　20.why　考查賓語從句引導詞。根據句意可知,路被雪覆蓋了,而他們還堅持騎摩托車,“我”不能明白的顯然是原因,因此答案是why。

　　二、語法填空

　　[語篇解讀]　本文為應用文,報道了一起交通事故。

　　1.that　句意:據報道,今天早上在羅馬大街的拐角處發生了一起交通事故。it為形式主語,that引導的從句是真正的主語。

　　2.what　句意:沒人看到當時究竟發生了什么。what引導賓語從句作saw的賓語,從句中缺少主語且表示事物,故用what引導。

　　3.Who　句意:誰應對這一事故負責仍然在調查中。“　3　will be responsible for the accident”為主語從句,該從句中缺少主語且表示“人”,故用who引導。?

　　4.whether　句意:警察不能確定司機是否有罪。根據題干中的uncertain可知設空處表示“是否”。

　　5.What　句意:現在警察應做的就是他們必須弄清楚事故的起因。what引導主語從句,在從句中作do的賓語。

　　6.that　“　6　they must find out what led to the accident”為表語從句,該從句結構完整,不缺少任何成分,所以用that引導。?

　　7.how　句意:他們說他們很難下結論,因為事故是如何發生的還不清楚。根據句意可知設空處應為表示方式的連接副詞how。

　　8.that　句意:也許是因為司機疲勞駕駛沒能及時剎住車。The reason was that...為固定句式,意思是“原因是……”。

　　9.that　句意:司機不承認他在拐角處超速駕駛。that引導同位語從句,解釋fact的具體內容。

　　10.whether　句意:警察懷疑他所說的話的真實性,決定作進一步的調查。doubted(肯定式)后面的賓語從句常用whether引導。doubt在否定句或疑問句中時,后面常用that來引導從句。

　　三、短文改錯

　　1.第一句:去掉into　enter是一個及物動詞,表達“進入……”時后面不用跟介詞。

　　2.第一句:lie→lying　此處考查非謂語動詞作賓補,賓語a little dirty dog與lie之間是主動關系,應該用v.-ing形式。

　　3.第三句:of→with　固定搭配fill sb./sth.with用……裝滿……。

　　4.第六句:energy→energetic　此處考查兩個并列的形容詞作表語。

　　5.第八句:that→if/whether　根據語境可知該賓語從句應該用if或whether引導。

　　6.第九句:surprised→surprise　在該結構中要用名詞,to ones surprise令某人驚訝的是。

　　7.第十句:member前加a　member是一個可數名詞,根據語境可知此處表達“一個成員”。

　　8.第十句:had→has　根據題干中的has become可知此處應用現在完成時。

　　9.第十一句:Looked→Looking　此處考查非謂語動詞作狀語,主語I與look之間是主動關系,應該用v.-ing形式。

　　10.第十二句:ourselves→us　根據語境和句子結構可知此處應該用賓格代詞us充當brought的賓語。