專題三

　　完形填空

　　訓練4　說明文A

　　(2024·安徽江淮名校二次聯考)With time flying__1__ we put the keys just a moment ago，or an old friend's name，or the name of an old band we used to love.As the brain

　　__2__，we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments”．__3__

　　seemingly innocent，this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n)

　　__4__ effect on our social and

　　__5__

　　well－being.__6__

　　out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do，and the right mental

　　__7__

　　can significantly improve our basic cognitive (認知) __8__．Thinking is basically a

　　__9__ of making connections in the brain.To a certain extent__10__ in

　　making the

　　connections

　　that

　　drive

　　intelligence

　　is inherited (繼承)．__11____12__ mental effort.

　　Now，a new Web－based company has taken a step

　　__13____14__

　　their mental sharpness.

　　The Web－based programme

　　__15__

　　you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills.The programme keeps a(n)

　　__16__

　　of your progress and provides detailed feedback (反饋)

　　__17__ your performance and improvement.Most importantly__18__

　　changes and improves the games you play to

　　__19__

　　up the strengths you are developing—much like

　　a (n)

　　__20__

　　exercise

　　routine

　　which requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.

　　【語篇解讀】　本文為說明文。隨著人們年齡的增長很多人會出現記憶力下降的現象。然而神經學家經過研究發現通過正確的腦部訓練可以有效提高人們的認知能力?！．when解析：此處表示我們突然記不得剛才把鑰匙放在哪里了故答案為A項。答案：A解析：由于大腦衰退我們把這些現象稱為“瞬間性老年癡呆”。由句意可知答案選B項。答案：B解析：while用于句首意為“雖然盡管”。答案：D解析：damaging“造成破壞的有害的損害的”。damaging effects“破壞性的影響”。答案：C解析：此處與social相對應故答案為personal答案：A解析： “It turns out that從句”為固定句型意為：結果是……。答案：A解析：由前面6空后的“the brain needs exercise”可知選C。workout“鍛煉”。答案：C8．A.style

　　B．functions解析：由語境可知此處表示“基本的認知功能”故選B項。答案：B解析：本句對思考進行解釋即思考是在大腦中建立各種聯系的過程故答案為D項。答案：D解析：由語境及句子結構可知答案選C項。succeed in doing sth做成某事。答案：C解析：前后兩句之間為轉折關系故答案為D項。答案：D解析：科學家們認為智力水平可根據腦力鍛煉的程度得以提高或出現波動。A：根據；B：不管不C：除……之外；D：而不是。答案：AD．around

　　解析：take a step further又向前邁了一步。答案：B解析：由語境中的improve可知regain(重新獲得)為正確答案。答案：Aries

　　D．allows解析：allow sb to do sth “允許某人做某事”。答案：D解析：keep a record of為固定短語意為：“記錄……”。答案：Bbout

　　解析：此處表示“關于……的反饋”應用介詞on或about故選D項。答案：D解析：更重要的是該程序可以不斷改進你所玩的游戲以增強你的優勢。A：無規律地；B：習慣性地經常；：不斷地不停地；D：異乎尋常地。答案：C解析：解析見18題。build up為動詞短語意為：增強。答案：C解析：由語境可知答案選B項。effective產生預期結果的有效的。答案：BB

　　Reading and learning new words is about finding their meaning and use within a passage.The meaning of unknown words which you

　　__1__

　　in your reading sometimes can be known by their

　　__2__，that is，their contexts.The context of the sentence can tell us the part of speech (詞性) of the

　　__3____4__．__5__

　　meaning of a word，when they should identify the way it has been used in the passage.

　　One consideration in using the context is to determine the unknown word's part of speech.The words around the unknown word can give you

　　__6__．Once you know if the word is a noun or an adjective__7__ reading without having to stop to look up the meaning of the word.After coming across the word a few more times，you will know its meaning more

　　__8__

　　than if you had just looked it up.

　　Comparison clues indicate that two or more things are

　　__9__．A comparison is possible because the known and unknown words have

　　__10__．The likeness shows you that comparisons can be made.__11__ clues tell you an example of an unknown word.Example clues are usually

　　__12__

　　by the following words and phrases: such as，for example，and like.

　　To find meaning from text－based clues__13__ on specific words to indicate meaning.This kind of context clue is called a framework－based clue.Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words

　　__14__

　　you

　　discover the meaning of a word or sentencemon

　　__15__ight with the other driver.What does “vehemently”

　　__16__？You know what

　　__17__

　　means__18__

　　when they argue.From this，you can

　　__19__ out that “vehemently” has something to do with strong __20__ or intense feeling.

　　【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文主要介紹了幾種在閱讀過程習生詞的方法和技巧?！．look up解析：有時候你在閱讀中所遇到的生詞的意思可以通過語境知道其含義。take down“記下”；look up“查閱”；come across“遇見”；pick out“找出”。下文中的“After coming across the word a few more times”也是提示故C項正確。答案：C解析：根據“that is”可知此空與contexts是同義詞與下文中的“The words around the unknown word”和“Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words”呼應故D項正確。答案：D解析：句子的語境可以告訴我們生詞的詞性。與上文中的“unknown words”呼應可知此處是指生詞即A項正確。abnormal“不正常的”；familiar“熟悉的”；negative“負面的”。答案：A解析：利用段落的語境來確定生詞也是有幫助的。與下文中的“Common __15 and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help define unknown words”呼應即C項正確。答案：C解析：讀者經常遇到麻煩因為他們逐字理解句子而不是(理解)一個詞的正確意思。根據空格前的“Readers often have trouble”可推知讀者沒有理解一個詞的正確意思即A項正確。答案：Aons

　　C．effects

　　D．clues

　　解析：生詞周圍的詞可以給你(提供)線索。與下文中的“Comparison clues”呼應即D項正確。答案：D解析：一旦你知道了這個詞是名詞還是形容詞那么你就可以不必停下來去查這個詞的意思而繼續讀下去。根據空格后的“without having to stop”可知此處應用continue“繼續”故C項正確。答案：C解析：strangely“奇怪地”；uncertainly“猶豫地”；potentially“潛在地”；firmly“堅定地”。根據空格前的“After coming across the word a few more times”可知在生詞出現的頻率較高的情況下根據語境讀者就可以更加確定其具體的含義即D項正確。答案：D解析：比較性線索表明兩個或多個事物是相似的。根據下文中的“The likeness”可知此處表示事物的相似性即A項正確。答案：AA.properties

　　B．similarities解析：之所以可能作比較是因為認識的詞和不認識的詞之間有相似性。根據下文中的“The likeness”可知相似性”符合語境。答案：B解析：例子線索會通過舉例來提示讀者。與空格后的“an example”和“Example clues”呼應故C項正確。答案：C解析：例子線索通常通過以下詞或短語來提出。affect“影響”；adjust“調整”；change“改變”；introduce“提出”。故D項正確。答案：D解析：另一種線索并不是靠具體的詞來表明(生詞的)意思的。與上文“text－based clues”形成D項正確。rely on“依賴”符合語境。答案：DC．tells

　　D．displays解析：你對附近的詞的意思的理解有助于你了解一個詞或一個句子的意思。故B項正確。答案：B解析：常識和對詞性的了解也有助于(讀者)給生詞下定義。固定搭配：common sense“常識”符合語境故D項正確。答案：D解析：“vehemently”是什么意思呢？與下文中的“You know what __17__ meansA項正確。答案：A解析：你知道angry是什么意思而且你(也)知道人們在爭辯時的感受。與上文中的“the angry driver”呼應故A項正確。答案：A解析：根據上文中的“the angry driver”和空格所在句中的“how people __18__ when they argue”可推知項正確。答案：C解析：由此你可以弄清楚“vehemently”與強烈的情感或緊張的情緒有關。come out“出現出版”；figure out“弄明白”；take out“切除”；set out“出發”。答案：B解析：demand“要求”；ambition“野心”；attitude“態度”；emotion“情感”。與語境“or intense feeling”呼應可知此處表示情感故D項正確。答案：DC

　　More than half a million South Korean students in their final

　　year

　　of

　　high

　　school

　　took

　　the

　　university

　　entrance examination in Nov.Many people consider success on this test the first

　　__1__

　　toward a good life.But South Korean students say they feel

　　__2__

　　from the pressure.

　　Seventeen－year－old student Lee Jee－woo is not ready yet to

　　__3__

　　the test.But he has a strong opinion about it.He says__4__

　　the rest of your life.”

　　South Korean high school students

　　__5__

　　years studying for the university entrance examination.People say good scores

　　__6__

　　entrance to a top university and the possibility of a high－paying job.Some say good test

　　__7__

　　even improve chances of a good marriage in the future.Some observers say this

　　__8__

　　does not help the students learn to think

　　__9__ themselves.

　　Professor Kim says this system of learning by memorization

　　__10__

　　a lot of stressed students.A recent government study found that South Korean children are the

　　least

　　__11__ compared to children in 29 other developed countries.Many South

　　Koreans

　　__12__

　　educational

　　pressure

　　for

　　this unhappiness.

　　South Korean President Park Geun－hye has promised to

　　__13__

　　her country's educational system.She urges the system to increase creative thinking and relieve students'

　　__14__．__15__

　　that reforms by the top government alone will settle the

　　__16__．nts to

　　__17__

　　the pressure on their children might not be so easy.Shin Jeong－yeon says she would like not to put so much pressure on her daughter.__18____19__， so it is impossible for parents not to do so.For now，all Ms Shin and other __20__can do is hope that the pressure brings good results.

　　【語篇解讀】　這是一篇力。同時一些觀察員認為高考并不能培養學生獨立思考的能力。　B．task解析：根據上下文可以看出很多人認為高考的成功是通向美好生活的第一步所以答案為step。答案：A解析：從后面的“pressure”以及本文的中心思想可以看出高考給韓國高中生帶來了巨大的壓力。下文的“a lot of stressed

　　students”是提示。答案：C解析：參加考試應該用take。第一段中的“took the university

　　entrance examination”也是提示。答案：Bimpress

　　D．determine解析：從上文中的“he has a strong opinion about

　　it”可以看出李智宇認為高考可以決定未來的生活。答案：D解析：韓國高中生花好幾年的時間為高考而學習(in) doing sth“花時間去做某事”。答案：B解析：該段談論的是人們對高考取得好成績的答案：A解析：該句表達的仍然是好的高考成績給人帶來的好處。“好的成績”除了用good scores之外還可以用good test results。本文最后一句中的“brings good results”也是提示。C

　　8．A.plan

　　B．project

　　C．programme

　　D．system

　　解析：從下文的“this system of learning”可以看出此處開始談論韓國的高考體制存在的弊端。答案：D解析：從下文中的“She urges the system to increase creative thinking and relieve students' __14__”可以看出本處表達的是學生獨立思考的能力。think for oneself是一個固定搭配表示“獨立思考”。答案：A解析：該處談論的是這種考試體制導致的不良后果——使很多學生背負著巨大答案：B解析：最近一項政府研究表明與其他29個發達國家的孩子相比韓國孩子是最不快樂的。本段結尾的“this unhappiness”是提示。答案：C解析：該句表達的意思是“很多韓國人把這種不快樂歸咎于教育的壓力”。blame sth for sth“把……歸咎于……因……責備……”。答案：B.abandon

　　B．adopt解析：目前教育體制雖然存在弊端但也不是一無是處所以面對這些弊端韓國總統承諾的自然是要改革而不可能是完全廢除。答案：D解析：該篇文章的主旨是高考給學生帶來了巨大的壓力因此改革要減輕學生的壓力。答案：A解析：文章的最后一段講述了學生的壓力同時來自于父母答案：B解析：參見上題解析。答案：D解析：學生的壓力relieve students' __14__”是提示。答案：ATherefore

　　C．However

　　D．Rather

　　解析：Shin Jeong－yeon不愿意給女兒太大的壓力但是競爭這么激烈父母又不得不這樣做。前后句是轉折關系故用However。答案：C解析：參見上題解析。答案：B20．A.parents

　　B．students解析：鑒于目前的社會現實家長能做的就是希望這種壓力能帶來好的結果。Ms申是家長所答案：A

　　專題三

　　完形填空

　　訓練4　說明文A

　　(2024·安徽江淮名校二次聯考)With time flying__1__ we put the keys just a moment ago，or an old friend's name，or the name of an old band we used to love.As the brain

　　__2__，we refer to these occurrences as “senior moments”．__3__

　　seemingly innocent，this loss of mental focus can potentially have a (n)

　　__4__ effect on our social and

　　__5__

　　well－being.__6__

　　out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do，and the right mental

　　__7__

　　can significantly improve our basic cognitive (認知) __8__．Thinking is basically a

　　__9__ of making connections in the brain.To a certain extent__10__ in

　　making the

　　connections

　　that

　　drive

　　intelligence

　　is inherited (繼承)．__11____12__ mental effort.

　　Now，a new Web－based company has taken a step

　　__13____14__

　　their mental sharpness.

　　The Web－based programme

　　__15__

　　you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills.The programme keeps a(n)

　　__16__

　　of your progress and provides detailed feedback (反饋)

　　__17__ your performance and improvement.Most importantly__18__

　　changes and improves the games you play to

　　__19__

　　up the strengths you are developing—much like

　　a (n)

　　__20__

　　exercise

　　routine

　　which requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.

　　【語篇解讀】　本文為說明文。隨著人們年齡的增長很多人會出現記憶力下降的現象。然而神經學家經過研究發現通過正確的腦部訓練可以有效提高人們的認知能力。　B．when解析：此處表示我們突然記不得剛才把鑰匙放在哪里了故答案為A項。答案：A解析：由于大腦衰退我們把這些現象稱為“瞬間性老年癡呆”。由句意可知答案選B項。答案：B解析：while用于句首意為“雖然盡管”。答案：D解析：damaging“造成破壞的有害的損害的”。damaging effects“破壞性的影響”。答案：C解析：此處與social相對應故答案為personal答案：A解析： “It turns out that從句”為固定句型意為：結果是……。答案：A解析：由前面6空后的“the brain needs exercise”可知選C。workout“鍛煉”。答案：C8．A.style

　　B．functions解析：由語境可知此處表示“基本的認知功能”故選B項。答案：B解析：本句對思考進行解釋即思考是在大腦中建立各種聯系的過程故答案為D項。答案：D解析：由語境及句子結構可知答案選C項。succeed in doing sth做成某事。答案：C解析：前后兩句之間為轉折關系故答案為D項。答案：D解析：科學家們認為智力水平可根據腦力鍛煉的程度得以提高或出現波動。A：根據；B：不管不C：除……之外；D：而不是。答案：AD．around

　　解析：take a step further又向前邁了一步。答案：B解析：由語境中的improve可知regain(重新獲得)為正確答案。答案：Aries

　　D．allows解析：allow sb to do sth “允許某人做某事”。答案：D解析：keep a record of為固定短語意為：“記錄……”。答案：Bbout

　　解析：此處表示“關于……的反饋”應用介詞on或about故選D項。答案：D解析：更重要的是該程序可以不斷改進你所玩的游戲以增強你的優勢。A：無規律地；B：習慣性地經常；：不斷地不停地；D：異乎尋常地。答案：C解析：解析見18題。build up為動詞短語意為：增強。答案：C解析：由語境可知答案選B項。effective產生預期結果的有效的。答案：BB

　　Reading and learning new words is about finding their meaning and use within a passage.The meaning of unknown words which you

　　__1__

　　in your reading sometimes can be known by their

　　__2__，that is，their contexts.The context of the sentence can tell us the part of speech (詞性) of the

　　__3____4__．__5__

　　meaning of a word，when they should identify the way it has been used in the passage.

　　One consideration in using the context is to determine the unknown word's part of speech.The words around the unknown word can give you

　　__6__．Once you know if the word is a noun or an adjective__7__ reading without having to stop to look up the meaning of the word.After coming across the word a few more times，you will know its meaning more

　　__8__

　　than if you had just looked it up.

　　Comparison clues indicate that two or more things are

　　__9__．A comparison is possible because the known and unknown words have

　　__10__．The likeness shows you that comparisons can be made.__11__ clues tell you an example of an unknown word.Example clues are usually

　　__12__

　　by the following words and phrases: such as，for example，and like.

　　To find meaning from text－based clues__13__ on specific words to indicate meaning.This kind of context clue is called a framework－based clue.Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words

　　__14__

　　you

　　discover the meaning of a word or sentencemon

　　__15__ight with the other driver.What does “vehemently”

　　__16__？You know what

　　__17__

　　means__18__

　　when they argue.From this，you can

　　__19__ out that “vehemently” has something to do with strong __20__ or intense feeling.

　　【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文主要介紹了幾種在閱讀過程習生詞的方法和技巧?！．look up解析：有時候你在閱讀中所遇到的生詞的意思可以通過語境知道其含義。take down“記下”；look up“查閱”；come across“遇見”；pick out“找出”。下文中的“After coming across the word a few more times”也是提示故C項正確。答案：C解析：根據“that is”可知此空與contexts是同義詞與下文中的“The words around the unknown word”和“Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words”呼應故D項正確。答案：D解析：句子的語境可以告訴我們生詞的詞性。與上文中的“unknown words”呼應可知此處是指生詞即A項正確。abnormal“不正常的”；familiar“熟悉的”；negative“負面的”。答案：A解析：利用段落的語境來確定生詞也是有幫助的。與下文中的“Common __15 and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help define unknown words”呼應即C項正確。答案：C解析：讀者經常遇到麻煩因為他們逐字理解句子而不是(理解)一個詞的正確意思。根據空格前的“Readers often have trouble”可推知讀者沒有理解一個詞的正確意思即A項正確。答案：Aons

　　C．effects

　　D．clues

　　解析：生詞周圍的詞可以給你(提供)線索。與下文中的“Comparison clues”呼應即D項正確。答案：D解析：一旦你知道了這個詞是名詞還是形容詞那么你就可以不必停下來去查這個詞的意思而繼續讀下去。根據空格后的“without having to stop”可知此處應用continue“繼續”故C項正確。答案：C解析：strangely“奇怪地”；uncertainly“猶豫地”；potentially“潛在地”；firmly“堅定地”。根據空格前的“After coming across the word a few more times”可知在生詞出現的頻率較高的情況下根據語境讀者就可以更加確定其具體的含義即D項正確。答案：D解析：比較性線索表明兩個或多個事物是相似的。根據下文中的“The likeness”可知此處表示事物的相似性即A項正確。答案：AA.properties

　　B．similarities解析：之所以可能作比較是因為認識的詞和不認識的詞之間有相似性。根據下文中的“The likeness”可知相似性”符合語境。答案：B解析：例子線索會通過舉例來提示讀者。與空格后的“an example”和“Example clues”呼應故C項正確。答案：C解析：例子線索通常通過以下詞或短語來提出。affect“影響”；adjust“調整”；change“改變”；introduce“提出”。故D項正確。答案：D解析：另一種線索并不是靠具體的詞來表明(生詞的)意思的。與上文“text－based clues”形成D項正確。rely on“依賴”符合語境。答案：DC．tells

　　D．displays解析：你對附近的詞的意思的理解有助于你了解一個詞或一個句子的意思。故B項正確。答案：B解析：常識和對詞性的了解也有助于(讀者)給生詞下定義。固定搭配：common sense“常識”符合語境故D項正確。答案：D解析：“vehemently”是什么意思呢？與下文中的“You know what __17__ meansA項正確。答案：A解析：你知道angry是什么意思而且你(也)知道人們在爭辯時的感受。與上文中的“the angry driver”呼應故A項正確。答案：A解析：根據上文中的“the angry driver”和空格所在句中的“how people __18__ when they argue”可推知項正確。答案：C解析：由此你可以弄清楚“vehemently”與強烈的情感或緊張的情緒有關。come out“出現出版”；figure out“弄明白”；take out“切除”；set out“出發”。答案：B解析：demand“要求”；ambition“野心”；attitude“態度”；emotion“情感”。與語境“or intense feeling”呼應可知此處表示情感故D項正確。答案：DC

　　More than half a million South Korean students in their final

　　year

　　of

　　high

　　school

　　took

　　the

　　university

　　entrance examination in Nov.Many people consider success on this test the first

　　__1__

　　toward a good life.But South Korean students say they feel

　　__2__

　　from the pressure.

　　Seventeen－year－old student Lee Jee－woo is not ready yet to

　　__3__

　　the test.But he has a strong opinion about it.He says__4__

　　the rest of your life.”

　　South Korean high school students

　　__5__

　　years studying for the university entrance examination.People say good scores

　　__6__

　　entrance to a top university and the possibility of a high－paying job.Some say good test

　　__7__

　　even improve chances of a good marriage in the future.Some observers say this

　　__8__

　　does not help the students learn to think

　　__9__ themselves.

　　Professor Kim says this system of learning by memorization

　　__10__

　　a lot of stressed students.A recent government study found that South Korean children are the

　　least

　　__11__ compared to children in 29 other developed countries.Many South

　　Koreans

　　__12__

　　educational

　　pressure

　　for

　　this unhappiness.

　　South Korean President Park Geun－hye has promised to

　　__13__

　　her country's educational system.She urges the system to increase creative thinking and relieve students'

　　__14__．__15__

　　that reforms by the top government alone will settle the

　　__16__．nts to

　　__17__

　　the pressure on their children might not be so easy.Shin Jeong－yeon says she would like not to put so much pressure on her daughter.__18____19__， so it is impossible for parents not to do so.For now，all Ms Shin and other __20__can do is hope that the pressure brings good results.

　　【語篇解讀】　這是一篇力。同時一些觀察員認為高考并不能培養學生獨立思考的能力。　B．task解析：根據上下文可以看出很多人認為高考的成功是通向美好生活的第一步所以答案為step。答案：A解析：從后面的“pressure”以及本文的中心思想可以看出高考給韓國高中生帶來了巨大的壓力。下文的“a lot of stressed

　　students”是提示。答案：C解析：參加考試應該用take。第一段中的“took the university

　　entrance examination”也是提示。答案：Bimpress

　　D．determine解析：從上文中的“he has a strong opinion about

　　it”可以看出李智宇認為高考可以決定未來的生活。答案：D解析：韓國高中生花好幾年的時間為高考而學習(in) doing sth“花時間去做某事”。答案：B解析：該段談論的是人們對高考取得好成績的答案：A解析：該句表達的仍然是好的高考成績給人帶來的好處。“好的成績”除了用good scores之外還可以用good test results。本文最后一句中的“brings good results”也是提示。C

　　8．A.plan

　　B．project

　　C．programme

　　D．system

　　解析：從下文的“this system of learning”可以看出此處開始談論韓國的高考體制存在的弊端。答案：D解析：從下文中的“She urges the system to increase creative thinking and relieve students' __14__”可以看出本處表達的是學生獨立思考的能力。think for oneself是一個固定搭配表示“獨立思考”。答案：A解析：該處談論的是這種考試體制導致的不良后果——使很多學生背負著巨大答案：B解析：最近一項政府研究表明與其他29個發達國家的孩子相比韓國孩子是最不快樂的。本段結尾的“this unhappiness”是提示。答案：C解析：該句表達的意思是“很多韓國人把這種不快樂歸咎于教育的壓力”。blame sth for sth“把……歸咎于……因……責備……”。答案：B.abandon

　　B．adopt解析：目前教育體制雖然存在弊端但也不是一無是處所以面對這些弊端韓國總統承諾的自然是要改革而不可能是完全廢除。答案：D解析：該篇文章的主旨是高考給學生帶來了巨大的壓力因此改革要減輕學生的壓力。答案：A解析：文章的最后一段講述了學生的壓力同時來自于父母答案：B解析：參見上題解析。答案：D解析：學生的壓力relieve students' __14__”是提示。答案：ATherefore

　　C．However

　　D．Rather

　　解析：Shin Jeong－yeon不愿意給女兒太大的壓力但是競爭這么激烈父母又不得不這樣做。前后句是轉折關系故用However。答案：C解析：參見上題解析。答案：B20．A.parents

　　B．students解析：鑒于目前的社會現實家長能做的就是希望這種壓力能帶來好的結果。Ms申是家長所答案：A