The professor put forward some practical ways to deal with global warming. 這位教授提出了一些實用的應對全球變暖的方法。

　　They put up their tents and settled down for the night. 他們搭好帳篷，準備過夜。 【舉一反三】 表示“容忍；忍受”的詞語還有：stand, tolerate, bear等。 【即時鞏固】 用適當的介詞或副詞填空 ②One moment please; I'm just trying to put you ______. ③We are trying to put ______ some money every month for our vacation. ④He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting ________ for the night at the hotel. 【答案】①with　②through　③aside　④up 4．quantities of 大量的 【考點激活】 ①With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth __________(wash) away each year. 隨著更多的森林被毀，每年有大量肥沃的泥土被沖走。 (1)a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可數名詞也可接不可數名詞。 “a quantity of＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數；而“quantities of＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數。 (2)in quantity/ in large quantities 大量的； 很多的 【知識建構】

　　(3)可跟可數名詞也可跟不可數名詞的詞組：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, quantities of, a (large/great) quantity of (4)只能跟可數名詞的詞組： a (large/good/great) number of, scores of, dozens of (5)只能跟不可數名詞的詞組： a great/good deal of, a large amount of/large amounts of Like most things, it is cheaper when bought in quantity. 像大多數東西一樣中，買的量多時就便宜一些。

　　Police found a small quantity of drugs on the premises. 警方在經營場所發現了少量的毒品。 【易錯點津】 (1)注意quantity的拼寫，常與quality混淆。quality意思是“質”，而quantity一般指“量”。 (2) A (large) quantity of/quantities of＋名詞(可數/不可數)；A large amount of/amounts of＋不可數名詞 這兩個短語修飾名詞充當主語時，由quantity/amount的單復數決定謂語的單復數。 【即時鞏固】 語法填空 ②As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert ___________ (cover) the land. ③Judging from the number of the cars, a large number of people _________ (arrive) so far. 【答案】①are being washed　②has covered　③have arrived 1．Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. 這個(升溫)過程的一些副產品就被稱為“溫室”氣體， 其中最重要的是二氧化碳。 句型提煉： one of＋which/whom引導的定語從句 句中the most important one of＋which意為“其中最重要的”，為定語從句，修飾先行詞gases。常考的類似結構有：one/all/every/ each/part…of which(whom)引導的定語從句，表示“他(它)們中的一個/所有/每/部分……”， 介詞of后面只能用which/whom引導定語從句，指代前面出現的事物或人。 【句型剖析】

　　Gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things—many of which are “green”—and then choose a meaningful charity from a list. 提供禮物的人可以從各種有用但不貴的東西中選擇，很多都是“綠色”的，然后再從列表上選擇一個慈善組織。(2024課標Ⅱ) 【易錯點津】 要特別注意該類定語從句與并列句的區別： By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of them are still my best friends today.

　　＝By the end of the year, I had several new friends, two of whom are still my best friends today. 到去年底，我已經有了幾個新朋友，其中有兩個到現在都還是我最好的朋友。(2024山東) 【即時鞏固】 語法填空 ①Effective measures must be taken to deal with global warming, one of __________ is to recycle used things. ②I have three good friends, all of __________have emigrated to U．S.A. ③I bought 10 books the other day and two of ________ are concerned with environmental protection. 【答案】①which　②whom　③them

　　2．Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和溫室氣體的量，氣候也會持續變暖幾十年甚至幾個世紀。 句型提煉： even if/ though＋讓步狀語從句，意為“即使，盡管”。 句中even if引導讓步狀語從句，意為“即使，盡管”，與even though同義。 常考的引導讓步狀語從句的連詞還有： (1)though/although/while，它們引導的讓步狀語從句都不能和but連用，但可以與nevertheless與yet連用。 (2)whatever/whenever/however…(＝no matter what/when/how)意為 “無論……”等。 (3)as引導讓步狀語從句時，需要使用倒裝結構。 【句型剖析】

　　Even if we simply looked out of the car windows at baby pigs following their mother, or fish leaping out of the water, it was better than the best ride down the freeway. 即使我們只是從車窗外看著小豬跟在母豬的后面或者是看魚躍出水面，也比在高速行駛要好。(2024天津) Tired as we were, we continued to help them clear the rubbish. 盡管我們很累了，還是繼續幫助他們清理垃圾。 While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available. 盡管我愿意幫忙，但是沒有多少時間。 【即時鞏固】 語法填空 ①Happy ____________we are, there is something missing. ②__________you say, I won't believe you. ③I will take up the challenge, ________ tough the problem is.

　　④You should allow your children to express their own opinions，__________ they are different from yours. 【答案】①as　②Whatever　③however　④even if

　　3．It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it. 只要你用電氣設備，讓它開著是可以的。 句型提煉： so/as long as＋條件狀語從句， 表示“只要”。 句中的as long as引導條件狀語從句，意為“只要”，可以用on condition that替換。 常用的引導條件狀語從句的連詞還有： (1)if, even if/though, unless； (2)provided/providing (that), suppose/ supposing等。 【句型剖析】

　　As long as biomass is produced continuously—with only as much grown as is used—the “battery” lasts forever. 只要生物量可以持續性地產生——只要消耗掉的量和產生的量持平——這種“電池”就能持續到永遠。 Unless I'm mistaken, she welcomed us on behalf of their class yesterday. 除非是我記錯了，昨天她代表她的班級歡迎了我們。 I shall go provided/providing/supposing/ suppose that it doesn't rain. 假如不下雨我就去。 【舉一反三】 as long as還可以表示原級比較，意為“和……一樣長”。類似的結構主要有： 短語 原意 引申義 as well as

　　與……一樣好 也；和 as good as

　　與……一樣好 幾乎 as far as

　　遠及到…… 就……而言；至于 【即時鞏固】 用as…as結構的短語填空 ①______________ I am concerned, I am opposed to the proposal. ②A distant relative is not________________ a near neighbour. ③In this job you need brains _____________ efforts.

　　④You will never cease(停止) to learn ____________ you live. 【答案】①As far as　②as good as　③as well as　④as long as I would oppose changing the law. 我將反對改變這個法規。 She remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad. 她仍然強烈反對移居國外的想法。 【舉一反三】 (1)表示反對的短語有：disagree with; object to; be against (2) 表示贊成的短語有：agree with; be in favour of; be for 【即時鞏固】 語法填空 ②I have been consistently opposed to __________ (feed) a baby regularly. ③Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the __________ (oppose)． 【答案】①opposed　②feeding　③opposite

　　2．range n．種類；范圍；幅度；界限 v．(在一定范圍內)變動；變化；排列 【考點激活】 ①In colonies(群體)________ in size from a few hundred to tens of millions, they organize their lives with a clear division of labor.(2024安徽) (1)range from…to…　在……范圍內變動；包括由……到……之間的各類事物 range between…and…　在……和……范圍內變動 【知識建構】

　　(2)a wide range of 　一系列…… in/within range　在射程以內；在范圍內 beyond/out of range　在射程外；在范圍外 beyond/out of one's range　某人能力達不到的 Classical music ranges from jazz to pieces for large orchestras. 古典音樂涵蓋爵士樂到大樂團作品。(2024安徽) Collecting stamps with themes is especially popular among teenagers because there is a wide range of choices for them. 按主題收集郵票在青少年中特別受歡迎，因為他們有很大的選擇余地。 【即時鞏固】 用range的短語完成句子 ②這種房子的價格從10萬美元到20萬美元不等，超出了他的購買能力。 The price of this kind of

　　houses___________ 100,000 dollars ____________ 200,000 dollars, which is ________________. 語法填空 ③They have recorded all lost objects ____________ (range) from potatoes to golf gloves.(2024廣東) 【答案】①ranging ②ranges from; to; beyond his range ③ranging 3．average adj.平均的；普通的 n．平均數；平均 v．平均為；計算出……的平均數；使……平均分配 【考點激活】 ①In 1900，the __________American life span(壽命)was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!

　　1900年，美國人的平均壽命是47歲，而今天已經達到了75歲。(2024廣東) (1)on average　平均地；通常 above/below average　高于/低于平均數/水平 an average of…　……的平均數 up to average　達到平均數 (2)average sth. out　算出……的平均數 【知識建構】

　　Many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older.Men lose an average of 3-4cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more. 很多男女(并非所有人)的身高的確會隨著年齡變老而變短。男性平均會降低3-4cm, 而女性會降低5cm或更多。(2024浙江) My brother is above average in his reading ability. 我弟弟的閱讀能力在平均水平以上。 【即時鞏固】 完成句子 ②平均每星期你踢足球多少次？

　　How many times do you play football per week ________________？

　　③湯姆的功課在中等以下，吉姆的功課剛好達一般水平。 Tom is__________________ in his lessons and Jim about ________________. 【答案】①average　②on average ③below average；up to average 4．glance vi.看一下；掃視n.一瞥；掃視 【考點激活】 ①Once at the office, you glance ______________ the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters. 一旦來到辦公室，你翻閱報紙，里面盡是讓人沮喪的故事或充斥著災難的報道。 (1)glance at　匆匆瞥一下(某物)；瀏覽 glance through　瀏覽；匆匆看一遍 glance over　瀏覽；粗略地閱讀 (2)take/give a glance at　匆匆一看……；一瞥…… at first glance　乍一看 at a glance　立刻；看一眼就…… 【知識建構】

　　They fell in love at first glance. 他們一見鐘情。 Can we just take a glance at some of your products?

　　我們可以瀏覽一下你們的產品嗎？

　　【詞義辨析】 glance 意為“一瞥，匆匆一看”，強調動作的短暫 stare 意為“盯著看”，含有無禮或粗俗的意味

　　glare 意為“怒視”，帶有敵對或威脅的態度 【即時鞏固】 用glance，stare，glare的適當形式填空 ②The two persons__________ at each other before they started fighting. ③The guests __________ at the big diamond, an invaluable treasure if it was genuine. ④He __________ at the clock and ran out of the house quicky. 【答案】①through　②glared　③stared　④glanced 1．come about 出現；發生 【考點激活】 ①The revolution has come__________， through the application of computer science. 通過電腦科學的應用，變革已經發生了。 (1)How did it come about that…？　某事是怎么發生的？

　　(2)come up　走近；上來；發生；被提及 come up with　想出；提出 come to　來到(某地)；共計；來參加(活動)；談到 come to know/realize/understand　開始了解到/意識到/明白

　　【知識建構】

　　When it comes to…　當說到……；當談到…… come out　出來；開花；發芽；出版；發行 come across /upon　(無意中)碰到；找到；想到；越過 come into being　發生；產生；出現；形成

　　come into power　開始執政；當權；當選

　　come into effect/force　開始生效；開始實行

　　come into existence　形成；產生；開始存在

　　come into fashion　開始流行 I'll never understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey. 我真不明白這么短的路程你怎么會遲到一個小時。

　　【詞義辨析】 come about 強調“偶然發生”，一般以一種無法控制的方式發生，也可指差別、爭論的產生。 happen 指“偶然發生”，常用于句型“sth.happen (to sb.)”，還有“碰巧”之意。 occur 正式用語，可指“偶然發生”，也指“計劃中的發生”；還用于“occur to sb.”，表示“突然想起”。 take place 表示“發生、舉行、舉辦”，一般指非偶然性事件的“發生”，即這種事件的發生一定有某種原因或事先的安排。 【易錯點津】

　　表示“發生”的單詞和短語均不能使用被動語態。 【即時鞏固】 用上表中單詞或短語的適當形式填空 ②Large quantities of people ____________ to be out when the earthquake __________. ③Great changes ________________ in our community over the past ten years.　 ④An idea suddenly ____________ to me when I saw the environmentalist.

　　⑤I'll never understand how it____________ that you got into the bad habit. 【答案】①about　②happened; happened　③have taken place　④occurred　⑤came about 2．result in導致 【考點激活】 ①The production, distribution, and use of products—as well as management of the resulting waste—all result________ greenhouse gas release. 生產、分配和對產品的使用以及對由此而產生的垃圾的處理都會導致溫室氣體的排放。(2024江蘇) (1)result from　由……造成；因……而產生 (2)as a result　結果 as a result of　由于……的結果 without result　沒有結果；白費 【知識建構】

　　But designer Mikhail Belvacv doesn't think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. 但是設計者Mikhail Belvacv不認為，出發前忘記看天氣預報不會導致你被淋濕。(2024山東) Her heart was slightly damaged as a result of her long illness. 久病使她的心臟受到一些損傷。

　　【舉一反三】 (1)result in與 cause或lead to同義，其主語是起因； (2)result from與lie in，as a result of和because of同義，其主語是結果，from的賓語是起因。 【即時鞏固】 一句多譯 由于全球變暖，我們的環境受到了破壞。 ②Our environment is damaged ________ ________ ________________ global warming. ③The damage of our environment ______ ______ global warming. ④Global warming ________ ________ the damage of our environment. 【答案】①in　②as a result of　③results from　④results in

　　3．put up with容忍；忍受 【考點激活】 ①I can put up__________ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean. 我可以容忍房間里不整齊，但是我討厭房間里臟。 put forward　提出建議；把……向前撥 put aside　節省；儲蓄；儲存 put away　收起來 put up　建造；張貼；供給……住宿；投宿 put off　延期；推遲 put out　熄滅；撲滅 put through　接通電話 【知識建構】

　　Unit 4　Global warming 話題·環境保護 (2024四川成都外國語學校高三11月月考) 假設你叫王平。為響應國家厲行節約的號召，請你以“厲行節約——為資源、為環保”為題，向某英語報社編輯寫信，表達你對厲行節約的看法。該英文信應包括以下內容：

　　1．節約與資源的關系； 2．節約與環保的關系； 3．舉例說明中學生該如何厲行節約； 4．倡導社會保持節約的優良傳統。 【晨背范文】 Dear editor， I'm Wang Ping.I'm writing to offer your newspaper an article Trying to Save Both for Natural Resources and the Environment. Saving is significant because natural resources in our world may run out one day, so we should save some for our offspring.Meanwhile, saving can help us avoid producing waste,

　　which will definitely contribute a lot to environmental protection.As students, we should make our contributions.For instance, we can recycle our textbooks or use both sides of our exercise books.Moreover, we Chinese have a good tradition of saving and regard wasting as a shame, so we call for everybody's action to save what we can to make our beautiful life last forever. Yours sincerely， Wang Ping ★話題詞匯 1．decline　v．減少；下降，衰退 2．threaten　v．威脅 3．consequence　n．結果；后果 4．from bad to worse　每況愈下 5．to make matters worse　更糟糕的是 6．realize the importance of protecting the environment　意識到保護環境的重要性

　　★話題佳句 1．It is well-known that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming. 眾所周知，由于全球變暖，全球水資源短缺問題正變得日益嚴重。 2．It is high time that the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with air pollution. 確實到了城市當局應該采取有力措施解決空氣污染的時候了。 3．There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has contributed to the global warming. 毫無疑問，地球正變得更加暖和，正是人類活動導致了全球變暖。 Ⅰ.單詞速憶 1．___________vi.看一下； 掃視 n．一瞥 2．___________vt.擁護； 提倡； 主張 3．___________vt.使恢復； 使振作 4．___________n．種類； 范圍 5．___________n．環境； 情況 6．___________adj.平均的 glance advocate refresh range circumstance average 7．________adj. 隨便的； 偶然的 8．________adj.胡亂的； 任意的 9．________ adj.分布廣的； 普遍的 10．________ vt.反對；反抗；與(某人)較量 →________ adj.反對的；對立的 11．________ vi.趨向； 易于； 照顧 vt.照顧； 護理 →________ n．傾向； 趨勢 casual random widespread oppose

　　opposed tend

　　tendency 12．________vt.陳述；說明 →__________ n．說明；說法；表白 13．________vt.消費； 消耗； 耗盡； 吃完 →__________n．顧客；消費者 14．________ n．弄臟；污染 →_________ vt.弄臟；污染 15．________ n．生長；增長 →________vt.& vi.生長；增長 state statement consume

　　consumer pollution pollute growth grow 16．________ n．量；數量 →________ n．質量 17．___________ n．貢獻；捐款；投稿 →__________ vt.捐助；投稿vi.投稿；貢獻 18．________ n．生存；存在 →________ vi.存在 19．___________ n．現象 →___________ pl.現象 quantity quality contribution contribute　 existence exist phenomenon phenomena

　　20．__________ n．結果；后果；影響 →___________ adj.隨后發生的；作為結果的 →_____________adv.因此；所以 21．________ adj.平穩的；持續的；穩固的 →__________adv.平穩地；持續地 consequence consequent

　　consequently steady

　　steadily Ⅱ.短語快譯

　　1．________________ 忍受；容忍 2．________________ 上升；增長；升起 3．________________ 繼續 4．________________ 導致 5．________________ 發生；造成 6．________________ 同意；贊成；訂購 7．________________ 反對 put up with go up keep on result in come about subscribe to be opposed to 8．________________ 大量的 9．________________ 即使 10．________________ 大體上；基本上 11．________________ 代表……一方；作為……的代言人 12．________________ 等等 13．________________只要 quantities of even if on the whole on behalf of