2．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。

　　句型提煉： the first time用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 (1)the first time用作連詞，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“第一次……”。 (2)名詞(短語(yǔ))作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的還有： every/each time　每次

　　last/next time　上/下次……時(shí)

　　by the time　到……為止 the moment/the minute/the instant　一……就…… 【句型剖析】

　　Every time I thought of the thing, I felt very shameful. 每次想到這件事，我都感到非常丟臉。 “By the time you walk into that meeting, there should be no surprises，” she says. “當(dāng)你走進(jìn)那間會(huì)議室時(shí)，應(yīng)該沒(méi)有什么意外情況發(fā)生。”她說(shuō)。 【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津】 the first time意為 “第一次”，相當(dāng)于從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；for the first time意為 “第一次”，介詞短語(yǔ)，在句中只能用作狀語(yǔ)，不具有連詞功能。 He was reading the first time I saw him. ＝He was reading when I saw him for the first time. 我第一次看到他時(shí)，他正在讀書(shū)。 【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　完成句子 我第一次上英語(yǔ)老師的課時(shí)就很感興趣。我第一次上課這么興奮。 I became interested in the English teacher's lesson_________________ I attended his class.I was so excited in class _______________ . 【答案】the first time；for the first time

　　2．equal adj.相等的；平等的；勝任的 vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物 【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①I(mǎi)n fact, when it comes to the art of war, ants have no ____________.(2024安徽) 實(shí)際上，說(shuō)到戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的藝術(shù)，螞蟻沒(méi)有對(duì)手。

　　(1)be equal to (doing) sth.　等于/勝任做某事 (2)A equals B in…　A在……方面比得上B/與B相匹敵 (3)have no equal in sth.　在……方面沒(méi)有對(duì)手 (4)equally　adv.相等地；平等地 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. 如果憲法說(shuō)所有人都是自由和平等的，那么她認(rèn)為這也適用于她。(2024山東) 【舉一反三】 表示“勝任”的其它表達(dá)形式還有：be up to；be fit for；be qualified for；be qualified to do sth。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 一句多譯 ②在數(shù)學(xué)方面他沒(méi)有對(duì)手。 No one can_________________ math. (equal作動(dòng)詞用) ＝He has ______________ math.(equal作名詞用) 【答案】①equal　②equal him in；no equal in

　　3．reward n．& vt.報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)賞；酬勞；獎(jiǎng)金 【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①Good is ____________________ good. 好人有好報(bào)/(善有善報(bào))。 (1)reward sb.with sth.for (doing) sth.　為做某事而用……酬謝某人 (2)give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.　為某事而給某人報(bào)酬 deserve a reward for因……而理應(yīng)受到獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) in reward (for…)作為酬謝……；作為獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) (3)rewarding　adj.值得的；有報(bào)酬的 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly rewarding tactics. 說(shuō)到賣(mài)房子，商家也大量使用回報(bào)策略。(2024重慶)

　　【詞義辨析】 reward 作名詞時(shí)，表示做某事而獲得的“回報(bào)”、“酬金”，可指錢(qián)或物；作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“報(bào)答；酬謝” prize 作名詞時(shí)，表示“獲幾等獎(jiǎng)或獲獎(jiǎng)金額” award 作名詞時(shí)，表示經(jīng)評(píng)委考慮頒發(fā)的“獎(jiǎng)品”“獎(jiǎng)金”；作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“授予，頒發(fā)”。其搭配為：award sb.with sth.，意為：“授予某人某物”。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 用award, reward, prize的適當(dāng)形式填空 ②She was __________

　　for her efforts with a cash bonus. ③Mo Yan was __________

　　the Nobel ______ in 2024. 【答案】①rewarded with　②rewarded　③awarded；Prize

　　4．escape v．& n．逃脫；逃生；泄露 【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①A prisoner has escaped ____________ a jail in northern England. 一名囚犯從英格蘭北部的一所監(jiān)獄中越獄。

　　(1)escape from…　從……逃脫；逃避 escape (doing) sth.　逃避(做)某事 (2)fire escape　太平梯；安全梯；安全出口 a narrow escape　九死一生 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　That particular day, my brother and I sat through both movies twice, trying to escape the heat. 那個(gè)特別的日子，我哥哥和我坐著看了兩遍那兩部電影，試圖避開(kāi)炎熱。(2024山東)

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】 語(yǔ)法填空 ②Whoever breaks the law can't escape ____________ (punish)． ③This is the prison __________ the thief escaped last night. 【答案】①from　②being punished　③from which 1．turn to求助于；翻到(書(shū)的某頁(yè))；開(kāi)始行動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)向 【考點(diǎn)激活】 賞句猜義 ①Turn to the left when you see a flower shop.()

　　②Whenever you are in trouble, turn to me for help.() ③After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.() turn on　打開(kāi)

　　turn off　關(guān)閉(開(kāi)關(guān)等) turn down　調(diào)小；拒絕 turn up　開(kāi)大；調(diào)高；出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng)；被發(fā)現(xiàn) turn in　上交；提交 turn over　打翻；翻身；移交 turn out　出席；在場(chǎng)；證明是；結(jié)果是 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　It turned out that he was the general manager of the company. 結(jié)果他是這家公司的總經(jīng)理。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】 用turn短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 ④He looked honest, but finally it _______ _________that he was a thief. ⑤When meeting new words, I often ______ ________a dictionary. ⑥He ______________ my suggestion and ____________ the business to his daughter.

　　【答案】①轉(zhuǎn)向　②求助于　③開(kāi)始從事　④turned out⑤turn to　⑥turned down；turned over

　　2．come to power上臺(tái)；執(zhí)政；當(dāng)權(quán) 【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①The party ______________________at the last election. 這個(gè)政黨在上次大選中當(dāng)選執(zhí)政黨。

　　(1)have the power to do sth.　有權(quán)做某事 do everything in one's power　盡某人所能 have the power of doing sth.　具有做某事的能力 (2)in power　當(dāng)權(quán)的；執(zhí)政的(表狀態(tài)) within/beyond one's power　在能力范圍之內(nèi)/之外 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　Fathers have the power to control children and young people. 父輩們有權(quán)力控制孩子們和年輕人的生活。 【即時(shí)鞏固】 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ②I will try my best to help you out. ＝I will ________________to help you out.　 ③I can't work out the physics problem. ＝The physics problem is ______________. 【答案】①came to power　②do everything in my power　③beyond my power 3．set up設(shè)立；建立 【考點(diǎn)激活】 ①At the front of the supermarket, a charity (慈善) group had______________ a stand selling cooked sausages and flowers to raise funds. 為了募集資金，一個(gè)慈善團(tuán)體在超市的前面搭建了一個(gè)貨攤賣(mài)烹調(diào)過(guò)的香腸和鮮花。(2024福建) set down　寫(xiě)下；記下 set out　出發(fā)；動(dòng)身；開(kāi)始；著手 set aside　把……放在一邊；省出；留出 set about doing sth.　開(kāi)始做某事；著手做某事 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　Old Walter is setting down his memories of village life. 老沃爾特正在寫(xiě)他鄉(xiāng)村生活的回憶錄。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】 用set短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空 ②I dream about _______________ my own business in ten years. ③I have formed the habit of ____________ some time to exercise every day.

　　④_______________ early in the morning, they headed for the destination. ⑤After finishing my homework, I _________ reading a novel. 【答案】①set up　②setting up　③setting aside　④Setting out　⑤set about 1．… only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. ……只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定以暴制暴。

　　句型提煉： Only ＋狀語(yǔ)(從句)放于句首的部分倒裝 only位于句首，修飾的是狀語(yǔ)(狀語(yǔ)從句、介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞)時(shí)，句子運(yùn)用部分倒裝。 【句型剖析】

　　Only in this way can we solve the problem. 只有用這種方式，我們才能解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 Only when I reread the poem did I understand its meaning completely. 只有重讀這首詩(shī)的時(shí)候，我才真正地理解它的意思。

　　【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津】 only 放在句首修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)不用倒裝。如： Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life. 只有那些接受這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)的人才能過(guò)上真正豐富的生活。

　　【即時(shí)鞏固】

　　句型轉(zhuǎn)換 You can improve your Mandarin if you practice more. ＝Only if you practice more ____________ ____________your Mandarin.(2024四川) 【答案】can you improve Unit 5　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero

　　話題·走近名人 (2024安徽) 某英文雜志正在舉辦以 “Fancy yourself as an interviewer” 為主題的征文活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你以“A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview” 為題， 寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文。

　　內(nèi)容包括： 1．采訪的對(duì)象；

　　2．采訪的原因； 3．想提的問(wèn)題。

　　【晨背范文】 A Famous Chinese I Would Like to Interview The person I would like to interview is Yang Liwei.

　　I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go to space but also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great deal from him about it.

　　If I could interview him, I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained.I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is as great fun as I have read.Finally, I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting.

　　★話題詞匯

　　1．a(chǎn)dmire　vt.欽佩；欣賞 2．outstanding　adj.優(yōu)秀的；杰出的 3．personality　n．個(gè)性；性格 4．be honored as　被譽(yù)為……

　　5．be gifted at　對(duì)……有天賦 6．set a good example to　為……做出好榜樣

　　★話題佳句 1. Honored as one of the most outstanding leaders, Mandela won the respect of the whole world. 被譽(yù)為最杰出的領(lǐng)袖之一，曼德拉贏得了全世界的尊重。

　　2．I realize the secret to success is not where you were born, but what you are doing in your life. 我意識(shí)到成功的秘訣不在你出生在哪里，而在于在生活中你正在做什么。 3．What impresses me most is his famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” 給我印象最深刻的是他的名言，“天才是1%的靈感加上99%的汗水”。 Ⅰ.單詞速憶 1．_________

　　vi.& vt. 逃脫； 逃走； 避開(kāi) 2．_________

　　vt .酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞n.報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金 3．_________

　　vt.進(jìn)攻； 攻擊； 抨擊 4．_________

　　vt.& vi.投票； 選舉n.投票； 選票； 表決 escape reward attack vote 5．__________

　　n．意見(jiàn)； 看法； 主張 6．__________

　　n．舞臺(tái)； 階段； 時(shí)期 7．__________

　　n．質(zhì)量； 品質(zhì)； 性質(zhì) 8．__________

　　n．法則； 原則； 原理 9．__________

　　adj.吝嗇的； 自私的； 卑鄙的 10．_________

　　adj.慷慨的； 大方的 11．_________ vt.(與to連用) 獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于 →__________

　　adj.忠實(shí)的；深?lèi)?ài)的 opinion stage quality principle

　　mean

　　generous devote devoted 12．________ vt.教育；訓(xùn)練 →__________

　　adj.受過(guò)教育的；有教養(yǎng)的 →__________

　　n．教育 13．________

　　vt. 建立； 創(chuàng)建 →__________

　　(過(guò)去式)

　　→__________

　　(過(guò)去分詞)

　　→__________

　　n．建立；創(chuàng)辦 14．________

　　n．暴力；暴行 →__________

　　adj.暴力的 educate educated education found founded founded foundation violence violent

　　15．__________

　　n．殘忍；殘酷 →__________

　　adj.殘忍的 16．__________

　　adj.積極的；活躍的 →__________

　　v．行動(dòng) →__________

　　n．行為；行動(dòng) 17．__________

　　adj.相等的；平等的 →__________ adv.平等地 →__________ n．平等 cruelty cruel active act action equal equally equality

　　18．________

　　adj.不公正的；不公平的 →__________ adj.公平的 19．________ adj.自私的 →__________ adj.無(wú)私的；忘我的 →__________

　　adv.無(wú)私地；忘我地 unfair fair selfish selfless selflessly

　　Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)快譯

　　1．_______________

　　事實(shí)上 2．_______________

　　求助于；致力于 3．_______________

　　失業(yè) 4．_______________

　　在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中 5．_______________

　　設(shè)立；建立

　　as a matter of fact turn to out of work in trouble

　　set up

　　6．_______________

　　爆炸；使充氣 7．_______________

　　喪失勇氣或信心 8．_______________

　　當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái) 9．________________

　　愿意做某事 10．_______________

　　被判處……(徒刑) blow up lose heart come to power be willing to do sth. be sentenced to

　　Ⅲ.句式仿寫(xiě) 1．However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.(關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句) 仿寫(xiě)：那是一段我生活幸福的時(shí)光。 _________________ I lived a happy life.

　　2．The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.(see的主語(yǔ)為物，意為“見(jiàn)證；目睹”) 仿寫(xiě)：最近幾個(gè)月國(guó)際油價(jià)急劇下降。 __________________________________ the petrol price going down sharply.

　　3．Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(only引導(dǎo)的倒裝句) 仿寫(xiě)：直到那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到友誼的重要性。 _________________ the importance of friendship.

　　4．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.(the first time用作從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句) 仿寫(xiě)：他對(duì)瑪麗一見(jiàn)鐘情。 He fell in love with Mary ___________ ______________.

　　【答案】1.That was a time when 2．The last few months have seen

　　3．Only then did I realize 4．the first time he saw her Ⅳ.單元語(yǔ)法 “介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞或“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”填空 1．We went through a period ____________ communications were very difficult in the rural areas. 2．I'd like to know the way ____________ he succeeded in rescuing the trapped.　 3．Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future. 4．I don't believe the reason ____________ he explained to us the other day. 5．The reason ______________he was absent the other day was that he was injured. 【答案】1.in which/when　2.in which/that　3.to which　4．that/which 　5.for which/why

　　Ⅴ.教材活用 根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式 1．________

　　(bear) on July 18, 1918, Nelson Mandela is the first black president of South Africa.He studied law after 2._________ (enter) university.In 1944 he 3.________ (found) ANC Youth League.Then in 1952 he set up 4._________

　　law office to help poor black people.

　　【答案】1.Born　2.entering　 3.founded　4.a 5．a(chǎn)gainst　6.was sentenced　 7.to blow/blowing　8.and 9．later　10.really 1．devote vt.獻(xiàn)身；專(zhuān)心于 【考點(diǎn)激活】 ① Zaragoza has devoted all his life ______ the field of science. 薩拉戈薩把他的一生都獻(xiàn)給了科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。 (1)devote … to (doing) sth.　獻(xiàn)身于……；致力于…… (2)devoted adj.　忠實(shí)的；獻(xiàn)身的 be devoted to (doing) sth.　專(zhuān)心于；奉獻(xiàn)于…… (3)devotion n．　關(guān)愛(ài)；關(guān)照；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠(chéng) 【知識(shí)建構(gòu)】

　　Cinderella's two stepsisters followed her, pretending to be devoted to her so that they could enjoy the king's riches, two birds flew by and plucked(啄) out their eyes. 辛德瑞拉的兩個(gè)姐姐為了享受?chē)?guó)王的財(cái)富，跟著辛德瑞拉，假裝很愛(ài)她，這時(shí)兩只鳥(niǎo)兒飛過(guò)來(lái)，啄瞎了她們的眼睛。(2024福建)

　　【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)津】 在短語(yǔ)devote…to中，to為介詞，其后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。類(lèi)似短語(yǔ)還有：pay attention to 注意；object to反對(duì)；look forward to期盼；get down to 開(kāi)始著手做；be/get/become/grow used (accustomed) to習(xí)慣于；lead to 導(dǎo)致。