單句語法填空/完成句子 ①As he is my best friend，when I am in trouble he will certainly ____________.

　　因為他是我最好的朋友，當(dāng)我遇到麻煩時他肯定會幫我。 ②I can’t help ________ (wonder)what happened to that little girl.

　　我忍不住想知道那個小女孩出了什么事。 ③Faced with so much trouble，I ____________ turn to my parents for help.

　　面對這么多困難，我不得不向我父母求助。 答案　①help me out　②wondering　③can’t help but

　　2.be/become aware of對……知道、明白；意識到……

　　[高考例句](2024·福建，完形)It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became aware of her habit of finding fault.

　　直到她朋友受了重傷之后，她才意識到自己亂挑剔的習(xí)慣(可能會給別人帶來嚴(yán)重的后果)。 (1)be aware that...知道，體會到…… make sb aware of/that...使某人注意到……；提醒某人注意…… as far as I’m aware據(jù)我所知 (2)develop an awareness of...逐漸懂得…… 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①________________ your own weakness is probably the key to success.

　　知道自己的缺點可能是成功的關(guān)鍵。 ②Drivers should be made________________ of driving after drinking.

　　應(yīng)當(dāng)讓司機意識到酒后開車的危險。 ③It is important that students develop an ________ (aware) of valuing parents’ love.

　　重要的是學(xué)生們要逐漸懂得珍惜父母的愛。 答案　①Being aware of　②aware of the danger

　　③awareness

　　[句 式 透 析] [教材原句]The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended，there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. 海水是淺的，但是到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。

　　where...，there be...意為“在……的地方，就有……”，where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。另外wherever “在何處；無論何處”也可引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①A number of high buildings have arisen ________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.

　　很多高樓在一年前還是廢墟的地方出現(xiàn)了。 ②It is well known that the panda lives where ________ plenty of bamboo.

　　眾所周知，熊貓生活在有大量竹子的地方。 ③As far as I’m concerned，you are free to go ________ you like.

　　就我個人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。 答案　①where　②there is　③wherever

　　知識運用 知識梳理 知識運用 知識梳理 知識運用 知識梳理 Ⅰ.核心單詞→識記·思考·運用 一、單詞拼寫 1.(2024·湖北，閱讀A)By feeding the ponies，tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car，and make them harder to gather during the area’s ________ (每年的)pony drift(遷移). 2.(2024·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ，完形)They had begun to

　　integrate (融合)the kinds of play and _________(協(xié)作；配合)they had seen the day before into their game. 3.(2024·重慶，9)We’ll reach the sales________ (目標(biāo))in a month which

　　we set at the beginning of the year. annual teamwork targets 4.*(2024·重慶)I was never very ________(整齊的；好的)，while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. 5.(2024·四川，閱讀表達(dá))I was in a place of ________(純粹的；純潔的)happiness. 6.(2024·天津，閱讀表達(dá))At long last，in a comfortable home，with a generous ________(養(yǎng)老金)，he should learn to take things easy. neat pure pension 二、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.(2024·北京，閱讀C)These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a ________ (deep)of about 3，300 feet—as far as most light can reach. 2.*(2024·四川，閱讀C)Investing(投入)in time for parenting and raising ___________ (relate)is money well spent. 3.*(2024·福建，書面表達(dá))It is not the story itself but what __________(reflect)in the story that counts. 4.(2024·四川，閱讀D)It is thought that they are capitalising on (利用) their predators(天敵)________(flee)to quieter areas. 5.(2024·四川，閱讀E)Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板).Then they would ___________

　　(drag) them along paths.

　　depth relationships is reflected fleeing

　　have dragged 6.(2024·江蘇，書面表達(dá))The total number of private cars in China rose ________ (sharp)from 32 million to 154 million. 7.*(2024·四川，完形)It was a fair trade—I got a pleasure，and she had yet another ________ (taste)treat. 8.(2024·天津，閱讀表達(dá))“...and I know what you meant，but slowing down________ (scare)me.Life isn’t having it made；it’s getting it made.” 9.(2024·北京，閱讀A)It is situated on the Yarra River，________ (opposition)Crown Entertainment Complex. 10.Police have appealed for anyone who________ (witness) the accident to contact them. sharply tasty scares opposite witnessed 三、開心詞場 You may yell and be scared to witness so many abandoned old people without accommodation，pension and relations.The government is aware of what it reflects and urges annual conservation of them.

　　【聯(lián)想·積累】 ?外貌描述“百寶箱” appearance；dark；long-haired；pale；round-face；attractive；cute；elegant；good-looking；handsome；neat；plain；pure；pretty；shabby；smart；ugly；well-dressed etc. ?“看”遍天下 ①glance v.(粗略地)看一下；掃視；n.一瞥；掃視 ②glare v.瞪眼；怒目而視 ③spot v.發(fā)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)出 ④watch v.看；注視 ⑤witness v.目擊 n.目擊者 ⑥stare vt.& vi.凝視；盯著看 ⑦glimpse v.瞥見；看一眼 ⑧observe v.觀察；注意到 ?常用-ship名詞集錦 ①relationship 關(guān)系

　　②friendship 友誼 ③leadership 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能 ④fellowship 伙伴關(guān)系 ⑤ownership 所有權(quán)

　　⑥scholarship 獎學(xué)金 ?高頻詞鏈條 ①opposite prep在……對面adj.相反的→opposition n.反對；抵抗→oppositely adv.相反地 ②taste n.味道；味覺→tasty adj.美味的；迷人的 ③reflect v.反映→reflection n.反射；倒影→reflective adj.反映的；沉思的

　　Ⅱ.重點短語→識記·思考·運用 一、補全短語 1.sort________ 整理；分類；收拾 2.hold ________ 阻擋；抬起；支撐； 3.come ________ 加油；趕快 4.aim ________

　　瞄準(zhǔn) 5.upside ________ 上下翻轉(zhuǎn) out up on at down 二、短語填空 1.He was rushing back to ____________ of poverty. 2.At first I was not quite ____________ what the gentleman was aiming at. 3.The conference will begin in an hour；_____________ ，let’s have a chat. 4.From now on，don’t take me to watch horrible movies.I ________________ last night. be/become aware of；(be)scared to death；be about to do；get close to；help...out；ahead of；in the meantime help them out aware of in the meantime was scared to death 5.She was always well____________

　　the rest of the class. 6.I ____________ leave when the telephone rang. 7.*They，too，are ____________ the time when they start to build their nests. 8.I’m sorry，but my remarks were not ____________ you. ahead of was about to getting close to aimed at 【聯(lián)想·積累】 to為介詞...的短語串記 ①compare...to...把……比作 ②adapt...to...使……適應(yīng)…… ③adjust...to...調(diào)節(jié)……以適應(yīng)…… ④attach...to...將……附在……上 ⑤prefer...to...喜歡……勝過…… ⑥apply...to...把……應(yīng)用于……；專心于 ⑦addict...to...對……上癮 ⑧expose...to...將……暴露于……之下 Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式→識記·思考·運用 1.①________________ the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.

　　那個時期，虎鯨(當(dāng)時被稱為“殺手”)幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時捕捉須鯨。

　　②________________ (那是一個……的時代) many young people went to the countryside to get some training.

　　It was a time when It was a time when 2.*①This was the call that announced there ____________ be a whale hunt.

　　這是宣告捕鯨行動馬上就要開始的呼聲。

　　②As we ________________ (就要到達(dá)時)，the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight delay before setting down.

　　was about to were about to arrive 【聯(lián)想·積累】 記一記“正要做某事” ①be about to do sth ②set about doing sth ③set out to do sth ④get down to doing sth ⑤be on the point of doing sth ⑥settle down to do sth Ⅳ.單元語法→識記·思考·運用 v.-ing形式的被動語態(tài) 用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1._____________ (offer)the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony made him overjoyed. 2.You are so dependent that I’m afraid you can’t adjust yourself to ________ (leave)alone for a time. 3.The Curiosity rover sent its first 360-degree color photo of Mars，________ (expose)its mysterious appearance for the first time. 4._____________ (educate)in a famous university is what most students wish for. 5._____________________ (surround)for months，the enemy had to give in.

　　Being offered being left exposing Being educated Having been surrounded 【學(xué)法·點撥】 主動形式表被動意義 ?系動詞look；feel；sound；smell；taste；seem；appear；go；prove；turn等＋形容詞/名詞。 ?表示主語的某種屬性的詞：read；write；drive；sell；wash；clean；wear；open；shut等，其主語往往是物。 [單 詞 點 睛] 1.witness n.目擊者；證人；證據(jù)vt.當(dāng)場見到；目擊

　　[高考例句](2024·重慶，閱讀E)History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world.

　　歷史見證了莎士比亞的戲劇在世界各主要語言中無窮無盡的作品。

　　(1)a witness to sth某事的證人/證明 bear/give witness to sth為……作證；證明 (2)witness for為……作證 witness to sth/doing sth作證證明某事/做某事 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①His good health is ________________ of the treatment.

　　他的健康身體證明這種療法是成功的。 ②The world ________________(witness)China’s rapid development in space with the successful launch of Chang’e-3.

　　嫦娥三號的成功發(fā)射，讓世人見證了中國在太空方面的快速發(fā)展。 ③The driver ________________ the man enter the building.

　　司機作證說，他看到此人進(jìn)入那棟大樓。 答案　①a witness to the success　②has witnessed　③witnessed to having seen

　　[一言串記]　The witness who witnessed the incident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness. 這個目擊了這場事故的目擊者向警察提交了證據(jù)并且答應(yīng)作證人。

　　2.urge vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策 n.強烈的欲望；沖動

　　[高考例句](2024·北京，閱讀D)On the other hand，does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago?

　　另一方面，今天(父子)經(jīng)常交流的可能性是否意味著上一代人這樣做的迫切性是不存在的？ (1)urge sth/sb on催促某物/某人前進(jìn) urge sb to do sth催促某人做某事 urge sth on sb向……強調(diào)…… (2)urge that...(should)do sth極力主張；強調(diào)…… It is urged that...(should)do sth堅決要求…… 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①He urged________ his pupils the importance of hard work.

　　他向?qū)W生們力言用功的重要性。 ②The UN urged Syria ________ (stop)violence immediately and go back to the negotiating table.

　　聯(lián)合國敦促敘利亞應(yīng)立即停止暴力行為，回到談判桌上來。 ③The report urged that all children ____________(teach)to swim.

　　這份報告呼吁給所有的兒童教授游泳。 答案　①on　②to stop　③(should)be taught

　　3.abandon vt.遺棄；拋棄；丟棄；放棄；中止；(與oneself連用)使放縱；使聽任n.放任；放縱

　　[高考例句](2024·廣東，滿分作文)They should abandon playing computers and cheating in the exams.

　　他們應(yīng)該放棄玩電腦，不在考試中作弊。 (1)abandon one’s hope/plan/idea 放棄希望/計劃/主意

　　abandon oneself to...沉湎于……；縱情于…… abandon doing sth放棄做某事 (2)with abandon

　　放縱地；放任地 (3)abandoned adj.無約束的；無度的；放蕩的 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①The bad weather forced them ________ (abandon)their search.

　　惡劣的天氣迫使他們終止了搜尋工作。 ②They abandoned________ (carry)out the plan because of the lack of money.

　　因為缺少資金，他們放棄了執(zhí)行這項計劃。 ③We should keep off those who________________ drugs.

　　我們要遠(yuǎn)離那些吸毒成癮的人。 答案　①to abandon　②carrying　③abandon themselves to

　　[一言串記]　The child was abandoned by his parents.Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street，abandoning himself to despair. 那個孩子被他的父母遺棄了，后來有人發(fā)現(xiàn)那個被拋棄的孩子在大街上游蕩，他已陷入了絕望。

　　4.reflect vt.映射；反射；思考 vi.思考

　　[高考例句](2010·湖北·28)Just as the clothes a person wears，the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time，his house reflects his personality.

　　就像一個人穿的衣服，吃的食物，一起打發(fā)時間的朋友一樣，他住的房子也同樣反映他的性格。 (1)reflect sb/sth in sth(指鏡子等)映出某人/物的影像 reflect sth from sth從某物(表面)反射(光、熱、聲等) reflect on/upon sth思考某事 (2)reflection n.反射；反照；反映；映像 be lost in reflection陷入深思中 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①You should set aside some time ________ (reflect)on your successes and failures.

　　你應(yīng)該留出時間反思你的成功和失敗。 ②When the sun’s rays hit the earth，a lot of heat________ (reflect)back into space.

　　太陽光線照射到地球時，大量的熱量被反射到太空。 答案　①to reflect　②is reflected

　　[短 語 點 撥] 1.help (...)out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難；協(xié)助；使(某人)脫離困境

　　[高考例句](2024·浙江，任務(wù)型閱讀)Most professors are willing to make individual appointments to help you out.

　　大多數(shù)教授都愿意通過個人預(yù)約來幫助你。 (1)help sb with sth/(to)do sth幫助某人某事/做某事 can’t help doing sth忍不住做某事 can’t help but do 只得做；不得不做 help yourself (to sth) 便自己動手(夾菜吃、用……等) (2)with the help of sb＝with one’s help 在某人的幫助下

　　單句語法填空/完成句子 ①As he is my best friend，when I am in trouble he will certainly ____________.

　　因為他是我最好的朋友，當(dāng)我遇到麻煩時他肯定會幫我。 ②I can’t help ________ (wonder)what happened to that little girl.

　　我忍不住想知道那個小女孩出了什么事。 ③Faced with so much trouble，I ____________ turn to my parents for help.

　　面對這么多困難，我不得不向我父母求助。 答案　①help me out　②wondering　③can’t help but

　　2.be/become aware of對……知道、明白；意識到……

　　[高考例句](2024·福建，完形)It wasn’t until her friend was badly hurt that Kerry became aware of her habit of finding fault.

　　直到她朋友受了重傷之后，她才意識到自己亂挑剔的習(xí)慣(可能會給別人帶來嚴(yán)重的后果)。 (1)be aware that...知道，體會到…… make sb aware of/that...使某人注意到……；提醒某人注意…… as far as I’m aware據(jù)我所知 (2)develop an awareness of...逐漸懂得…… 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①________________ your own weakness is probably the key to success.

　　知道自己的缺點可能是成功的關(guān)鍵。 ②Drivers should be made________________ of driving after drinking.

　　應(yīng)當(dāng)讓司機意識到酒后開車的危險。 ③It is important that students develop an ________ (aware) of valuing parents’ love.

　　重要的是學(xué)生們要逐漸懂得珍惜父母的愛。 答案　①Being aware of　②aware of the danger

　　③awareness

　　[句 式 透 析] [教材原句]The water was quite shallow but where the reef ended，there was a steep drop to the sandy ocean floor. 海水是淺的，但是到了珊瑚礁的盡頭，就有一個陡坡，一直下降到滿是沙子的海底。

　　where...，there be...意為“在……的地方，就有……”，where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。另外wherever “在何處；無論何處”也可引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①A number of high buildings have arisen ________ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.

　　很多高樓在一年前還是廢墟的地方出現(xiàn)了。 ②It is well known that the panda lives where ________ plenty of bamboo.

　　眾所周知，熊貓生活在有大量竹子的地方。 ③As far as I’m concerned，you are free to go ________ you like.

　　就我個人而言，你愿意去哪里就去哪里。 答案　①where　②there is　③wherever

　　知識運用 知識梳理 知識運用 知識梳理 知識運用 知識梳理 Ⅰ.核心單詞→識記·思考·運用 一、單詞拼寫 1.(2024·湖北，閱讀A)By feeding the ponies，tourists increase the risk of them getting hit by a car，and make them harder to gather during the area’s ________ (每年的)pony drift(遷移). 2.(2024·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ，完形)They had begun to

　　integrate (融合)the kinds of play and _________(協(xié)作；配合)they had seen the day before into their game. 3.(2024·重慶，9)We’ll reach the sales________ (目標(biāo))in a month which

　　we set at the beginning of the year. annual teamwork targets 4.*(2024·重慶)I was never very ________(整齊的；好的)，while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. 5.(2024·四川，閱讀表達(dá))I was in a place of ________(純粹的；純潔的)happiness. 6.(2024·天津，閱讀表達(dá))At long last，in a comfortable home，with a generous ________(養(yǎng)老金)，he should learn to take things easy. neat pure pension 二、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.(2024·北京，閱讀C)These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a ________ (deep)of about 3，300 feet—as far as most light can reach. 2.*(2024·四川，閱讀C)Investing(投入)in time for parenting and raising ___________ (relate)is money well spent. 3.*(2024·福建，書面表達(dá))It is not the story itself but what __________(reflect)in the story that counts. 4.(2024·四川，閱讀D)It is thought that they are capitalising on (利用) their predators(天敵)________(flee)to quieter areas. 5.(2024·四川，閱讀E)Many scientists suspect workers first would have put the blocks on sleds(滑板).Then they would ___________

　　(drag) them along paths.

　　depth relationships is reflected fleeing

　　have dragged 6.(2024·江蘇，書面表達(dá))The total number of private cars in China rose ________ (sharp)from 32 million to 154 million. 7.*(2024·四川，完形)It was a fair trade—I got a pleasure，and she had yet another ________ (taste)treat. 8.(2024·天津，閱讀表達(dá))“...and I know what you meant，but slowing down________ (scare)me.Life isn’t having it made；it’s getting it made.” 9.(2024·北京，閱讀A)It is situated on the Yarra River，________ (opposition)Crown Entertainment Complex. 10.Police have appealed for anyone who________ (witness) the accident to contact them. sharply tasty scares opposite witnessed 三、開心詞場 You may yell and be scared to witness so many abandoned old people without accommodation，pension and relations.The government is aware of what it reflects and urges annual conservation of them.

　　【聯(lián)想·積累】 ?外貌描述“百寶箱” appearance；dark；long-haired；pale；round-face；attractive；cute；elegant；good-looking；handsome；neat；plain；pure；pretty；shabby；smart；ugly；well-dressed etc. ?“看”遍天下 ①glance v.(粗略地)看一下；掃視；n.一瞥；掃視 ②glare v.瞪眼；怒目而視 ③spot v.發(fā)現(xiàn)；認(rèn)出 ④watch v.看；注視 ⑤witness v.目擊 n.目擊者 ⑥stare vt.& vi.凝視；盯著看 ⑦glimpse v.瞥見；看一眼 ⑧observe v.觀察；注意到 ?常用-ship名詞集錦 ①relationship 關(guān)系

　　②friendship 友誼 ③leadership 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)才能 ④fellowship 伙伴關(guān)系 ⑤ownership 所有權(quán)

　　⑥scholarship 獎學(xué)金 ?高頻詞鏈條 ①opposite prep在……對面adj.相反的→opposition n.反對；抵抗→oppositely adv.相反地 ②taste n.味道；味覺→tasty adj.美味的；迷人的 ③reflect v.反映→reflection n.反射；倒影→reflective adj.反映的；沉思的

　　Ⅱ.重點短語→識記·思考·運用 一、補全短語 1.sort________ 整理；分類；收拾 2.hold ________ 阻擋；抬起；支撐； 3.come ________ 加油；趕快 4.aim ________

　　瞄準(zhǔn) 5.upside ________ 上下翻轉(zhuǎn) out up on at down 二、短語填空 1.He was rushing back to ____________ of poverty. 2.At first I was not quite ____________ what the gentleman was aiming at. 3.The conference will begin in an hour；_____________ ，let’s have a chat. 4.From now on，don’t take me to watch horrible movies.I ________________ last night. be/become aware of；(be)scared to death；be about to do；get close to；help...out；ahead of；in the meantime help them out aware of in the meantime was scared to death 5.She was always well____________

　　the rest of the class. 6.I ____________ leave when the telephone rang. 7.*They，too，are ____________ the time when they start to build their nests. 8.I’m sorry，but my remarks were not ____________ you. ahead of was about to getting close to aimed at 【聯(lián)想·積累】 to為介詞...的短語串記 ①compare...to...把……比作 ②adapt...to...使……適應(yīng)…… ③adjust...to...調(diào)節(jié)……以適應(yīng)…… ④attach...to...將……附在……上 ⑤prefer...to...喜歡……勝過…… ⑥apply...to...把……應(yīng)用于……；專心于 ⑦addict...to...對……上癮 ⑧expose...to...將……暴露于……之下 Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式→識記·思考·運用 1.①________________ the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.

　　那個時期，虎鯨(當(dāng)時被稱為“殺手”)幫助捕鯨人在每年須鯨遷徙時捕捉須鯨。

　　②________________ (那是一個……的時代) many young people went to the countryside to get some training.

　　It was a time when It was a time when 2.*①This was the call that announced there ____________ be a whale hunt.

　　這是宣告捕鯨行動馬上就要開始的呼聲。

　　②As we ________________ (就要到達(dá)時)，the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight delay before setting down.

　　was about to were about to arrive 【聯(lián)想·積累】 記一記“正要做某事” ①be about to do sth ②set about doing sth ③set out to do sth ④get down to doing sth ⑤be on the point of doing sth ⑥settle down to do sth Ⅳ.單元語法→識記·思考·運用 v.-ing形式的被動語態(tài) 用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1._____________ (offer)the opportunity to speak at the graduation ceremony made him overjoyed. 2.You are so dependent that I’m afraid you can’t adjust yourself to ________ (leave)alone for a time. 3.The Curiosity rover sent its first 360-degree color photo of Mars，________ (expose)its mysterious appearance for the first time. 4._____________ (educate)in a famous university is what most students wish for. 5._____________________ (surround)for months，the enemy had to give in.

　　Being offered being left exposing Being educated Having been surrounded 【學(xué)法·點撥】 主動形式表被動意義 ?系動詞look；feel；sound；smell；taste；seem；appear；go；prove；turn等＋形容詞/名詞。 ?表示主語的某種屬性的詞：read；write；drive；sell；wash；clean；wear；open；shut等，其主語往往是物。 [單 詞 點 睛] 1.witness n.目擊者；證人；證據(jù)vt.當(dāng)場見到；目擊

　　[高考例句](2024·重慶，閱讀E)History has witnessed the endless productions of Shakespearean plays in every major language of the world.

　　歷史見證了莎士比亞的戲劇在世界各主要語言中無窮無盡的作品。

　　(1)a witness to sth某事的證人/證明 bear/give witness to sth為……作證；證明 (2)witness for為……作證 witness to sth/doing sth作證證明某事/做某事 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①His good health is ________________ of the treatment.

　　他的健康身體證明這種療法是成功的。 ②The world ________________(witness)China’s rapid development in space with the successful launch of Chang’e-3.

　　嫦娥三號的成功發(fā)射，讓世人見證了中國在太空方面的快速發(fā)展。 ③The driver ________________ the man enter the building.

　　司機作證說，他看到此人進(jìn)入那棟大樓。 答案　①a witness to the success　②has witnessed　③witnessed to having seen

　　[一言串記]　The witness who witnessed the incident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness. 這個目擊了這場事故的目擊者向警察提交了證據(jù)并且答應(yīng)作證人。

　　2.urge vt.催促；極力主張；驅(qū)策 n.強烈的欲望；沖動

　　[高考例句](2024·北京，閱讀D)On the other hand，does the possibility of frequent communication today mean that the urge to do so wasn’t present a generation ago?

　　另一方面，今天(父子)經(jīng)常交流的可能性是否意味著上一代人這樣做的迫切性是不存在的？ (1)urge sth/sb on催促某物/某人前進(jìn) urge sb to do sth催促某人做某事 urge sth on sb向……強調(diào)…… (2)urge that...(should)do sth極力主張；強調(diào)…… It is urged that...(should)do sth堅決要求…… 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①He urged________ his pupils the importance of hard work.

　　他向?qū)W生們力言用功的重要性。 ②The UN urged Syria ________ (stop)violence immediately and go back to the negotiating table.

　　聯(lián)合國敦促敘利亞應(yīng)立即停止暴力行為，回到談判桌上來。 ③The report urged that all children ____________(teach)to swim.

　　這份報告呼吁給所有的兒童教授游泳。 答案　①on　②to stop　③(should)be taught

　　3.abandon vt.遺棄；拋棄；丟棄；放棄；中止；(與oneself連用)使放縱；使聽任n.放任；放縱

　　[高考例句](2024·廣東，滿分作文)They should abandon playing computers and cheating in the exams.

　　他們應(yīng)該放棄玩電腦，不在考試中作弊。 (1)abandon one’s hope/plan/idea 放棄希望/計劃/主意

　　abandon oneself to...沉湎于……；縱情于…… abandon doing sth放棄做某事 (2)with abandon

　　放縱地；放任地 (3)abandoned adj.無約束的；無度的；放蕩的 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①The bad weather forced them ________ (abandon)their search.

　　惡劣的天氣迫使他們終止了搜尋工作。 ②They abandoned________ (carry)out the plan because of the lack of money.

　　因為缺少資金，他們放棄了執(zhí)行這項計劃。 ③We should keep off those who________________ drugs.

　　我們要遠(yuǎn)離那些吸毒成癮的人。 答案　①to abandon　②carrying　③abandon themselves to

　　[一言串記]　The child was abandoned by his parents.Eventually the abandoned boy was found wandering in the street，abandoning himself to despair. 那個孩子被他的父母遺棄了，后來有人發(fā)現(xiàn)那個被拋棄的孩子在大街上游蕩，他已陷入了絕望。

　　4.reflect vt.映射；反射；思考 vi.思考

　　[高考例句](2010·湖北·28)Just as the clothes a person wears，the food he eats and the friends with whom he spends his time，his house reflects his personality.

　　就像一個人穿的衣服，吃的食物，一起打發(fā)時間的朋友一樣，他住的房子也同樣反映他的性格。 (1)reflect sb/sth in sth(指鏡子等)映出某人/物的影像 reflect sth from sth從某物(表面)反射(光、熱、聲等) reflect on/upon sth思考某事 (2)reflection n.反射；反照；反映；映像 be lost in reflection陷入深思中 單句語法填空/完成句子 ①You should set aside some time ________ (reflect)on your successes and failures.

　　你應(yīng)該留出時間反思你的成功和失敗。 ②When the sun’s rays hit the earth，a lot of heat________ (reflect)back into space.

　　太陽光線照射到地球時，大量的熱量被反射到太空。 答案　①to reflect　②is reflected

　　[短 語 點 撥] 1.help (...)out幫助(某人)擺脫困境或危難；協(xié)助；使(某人)脫離困境

　　[高考例句](2024·浙江，任務(wù)型閱讀)Most professors are willing to make individual appointments to help you out.

　　大多數(shù)教授都愿意通過個人預(yù)約來幫助你。 (1)help sb with sth/(to)do sth幫助某人某事/做某事 can’t help doing sth忍不住做某事 can’t help but do 只得做；不得不做 help yourself (to sth) 便自己動手(夾菜吃、用……等) (2)with the help of sb＝with one’s help 在某人的幫助下