()9.The science and technology are developing rapidly, otherwise we ________ varieties of communication devices today. A．would not have

　　B．do not have

　　C．would have not

　　D．would not have had 9．A。因?yàn)榫渲猩衔恼Z境指現(xiàn)在事實(shí)，otherwise (否則)表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況，所以用would do, 否定式would not do。 ()10.________ your letter，I would have set off two days ago. A．If I could have received

　　B．If I received

　　C．Should I receive

　　D．Had I received

　　10．D。句意：如果我收到你的信，那兩天前我就出發(fā)了。與過去事實(shí)不符，從句謂語動(dòng)詞用had＋done，如果had提前，if要省略。 ()11.If you ________ less money at that time, you ________ with so much trouble. A．wasted; would not meet

　　B．had wasted; would not have met C．would waste; would not meet

　　D．should waste; would not meet 11．B。由句中的時(shí)間狀語at that time可知這是一個(gè)對(duì)過去事實(shí)進(jìn)行假設(shè)的虛擬條件句。

　　()12.If Mary ________ free tomorrow, she ________ go to the space science show with you.But she will write her essay. A．is; would

　　B．were; would C．is; will

　　D．were; can 12．B。由于條件句中狀語tomorrow 的提示，可知這是一個(gè)對(duì)將來事實(shí)進(jìn)行假設(shè)的句子。

　　()13.________ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off our sports meet. A．Were

　　B．Should C．Would

　　D．Will 13．B。 與將來事實(shí)可能不符的條件句。Should提前if省略。答案A中were可以提前省略If，但是此句應(yīng)改為：Were it to rain tomorrow, we would have to put off our sports meet。

　　()14.________ come, what ________ you say to him? A．Were the teacher to; would

　　B．Would the teacher; will

　　C．Had the teacher; will

　　D．Should the teacher; do 14．A。考查的是對(duì)將來事實(shí)的虛擬條件句的省略，及主句的動(dòng)詞形式。

　　()15.What would have happened ________， as far as the end of the forest? A．Tina had run farther

　　B．if Tina should run farther

　　C．had Tina run farther

　　D．if Tina ran farther 15．C。考查對(duì)過去事實(shí)虛擬的條件句的省略。

　　()16.________ the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily. A．Had it not been for B．It were not for

　　C．If it had not been for D．Were it not for 16．D。were 提前if省略，對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬。

　　()17.________ so busy，she would come to help you. A．Should my daughter

　　B．Was my daughter not

　　C．If my daughter were not

　　D．If my daughter isn't 17．C。這是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)不符的句式結(jié)構(gòu)。A答案少了be動(dòng)詞。Should my daughter not be so busy；B答案was不能引起if的省略。D答案沒有用到虛擬語氣。

　　()18.If I ________ plan to do anything I wanted to，I'd like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible. A．would

　　B．could

　　C．had to

　　D．ought to 18．B。could表示一種能力，或可行性。但實(shí)際情況是與之相反。

　　()19. Without the help of my English teacher, I ________ the English exam.

　　A．would not pass B．would not have passed

　　C．would pass D．would have passed 19．B。without的意思為“沒有”，表示假設(shè)。使用虛擬語氣。

　　()20.I did not regret saying what he had done with the money but felt I ________ it in another way.

　　A．could express

　　B．would express C．could have expressed

　　D．must have expressed 20．C。句子意思是“我不后悔說……但是覺得應(yīng)該以不同的方式表達(dá)”，與事實(shí)相反。

　　()21. —Don’t you think it necessary that the meeting ________？ —I agree, but the problem is ________he has refused to. A．will not be put off; that B．not be put off; that C．should not put off; what D．should not put off; that 21．B。necessary作形式賓語it的賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示說話人的主觀看法。that所引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞常用 “(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)表示主觀看法或愿望。使用虛擬語氣。

　　()22.Thanks a lot for all your kindness, I don’t think we ________ it without you.

　　A．can manage

　　B．could have managed C．could manage

　　D．can have managed 22．B。“without”表示虛擬條件。使用虛擬語氣。

　　()23.—Congratulations!

　　—Thank you. But for your help, we ________ in the experiment. A．will never succeed B．shouldn’t have succeeded C．couldn’t have succeeded D．mustn’t have succeeded 23．C。句子意思：——祝賀！——謝謝你！要不是你的幫助，我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)是不會(huì)成功的。根據(jù)“But for your help”可知要使用虛擬語氣，couldn’t have succeeded 意為“本來不可以成功”。

　　()24.________ the help from the doctor，the little boy ________ lost his mother. A．Apart from；should have B．Without；不填 C．But for；would have D．Except for；would have 24．C。含蓄虛擬句。“apart form”相當(dāng)于“except / besides”；“except for”表示“排除，除了”。

　　()25.It is strange that he ________ act toward his parents like that. A．could

　　B．might

　　C．should

　　D．would 25．C。It is necessary / important / strange that...，謂語動(dòng)詞用should＋動(dòng)詞原形。should在此句式中有表示“竟然”等驚訝的含義。

　　()26.What do you think of Mr. Smith’s proposal that we ________ have a get－together next Saturday? A．would

　　B．不填 C．will

　　D．can 26．B。that引導(dǎo)的從句用作proposal“建議”的同位語，謂語動(dòng)詞用“(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形”形式。

　　()27.If the safety precautions(措施) against the accidents ________taken in，the miners ________ a chance of surviving then. A．were；would have

　　B．were；will have

　　C．had been；didn't have

　　D．had been；would have had 27．D。句末then“那時(shí)”的出現(xiàn)表明事情應(yīng)該是過去。句意：如果那時(shí)事故的安全措施被采納礦工就有可能生還。

　　()28.—Given more money，we ________ the experiment better. —Don't complain any more. A．will do

　　B．would do

　　C．would have done

　　D．did 28．C。由后句“Don't complain any more”提示得知前面的語境應(yīng)該是假設(shè)而來。且與過去事實(shí)不符。

　　()29.Even if he ________ here himself, he ________know what to do. A．were; did not

　　B．was; would not C．were; should not

　　D．was; seldom 29．C。even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，可用虛擬語氣，主句、從句的結(jié)構(gòu)與if所引導(dǎo)的條件從句結(jié)構(gòu)相同。

　　()30.—The traffic was so bad.I ________ home by 6 o'clock，otherwise. —What a pity! Henry was here to see you. A．would be

　　B．might be

　　C．could be

　　D．should have been

　　30．D。“otherwise” 表示否則的含義。虛擬語氣。 ()31.Thank you for giving me a hand.I________

　　in the experiment without your valuable help. A．have failed

　　B．will fail C．would have failed

　　D．must have failed 31．C。“without”含蓄虛擬條件句的一種。表示一種虛擬的情況。

　　()32.—Had we been more careful，the accident might not have happened. —But we ________ at that time. A．hadn't

　　B．didn't

　　C．weren't

　　D．might not 32．C。上句使用了虛擬語氣“如果我們更小心些，這個(gè)事故就不會(huì)發(fā)生”。第二句but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，相當(dāng)于“But we were not careful”，陳述事實(shí)。故使用陳述語氣。 ()33.—Do you mind if I open the window? —________ I feel a bit cold. A．Of course not.

　　B．I’d rather you didn’t. C．Go ahead.

　　D．Why not?

　　33．B。從上下文可以得知這里說話人表示不同意，在would rather 后使用虛擬語氣。故選B。 ()34.The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ________ the rules. A．obeyed

　　B．obey

　　C．will obey

　　D．must obey 34．B。insist表示“堅(jiān)持”，其后的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣，使用(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形。

　　()35.There was plenty of time.She ________. A．mustn't have hurried B．couldn't have hurried C．must not hurry D．needn't have hurried 35．D。needn't have done 意為“本不必”，即已經(jīng)做了某事，而實(shí)際上不必要。mustn't have done 用法不正確，對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行否定性推斷應(yīng)為couldn't have done “不可能已經(jīng)”。must not do 不可以(用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))。

　　()36.The latest data put forward by the states suggested that the business ________ improving. A．was

　　B．be

　　C．being

　　D．should 36．A。該句中suggest意為“表明，暗示”，不使用虛擬語氣而是陳述語氣。故選A。

　　()37.How I wish every family________ a large house with a beautiful garden! A．has

　　B．had

　　C．will have

　　D．had had 37．B。在wish后的賓語從句中表示與現(xiàn)在相反的事實(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞使用過去式。

　　()17.Stan spent half a year ________ material for his new book. A．to collect

　　B．collect

　　C．collecting

　　D．collected 17．C。本題考查spend的用法。spend ＋時(shí)間/金錢＋(in) doing sth。所以答案為C。

　　()18.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________ as the plane was making a landing. A．seat

　　B．seating C．seated

　　D．to be seating 18．C。因?yàn)閟eat是及物動(dòng)詞，表示“使某人坐下”，所以如果某人坐下，我們需要使用被動(dòng)，所以答案為C。

　　()19.When they met，Leonards and his enemy were fighting ________ each other. A．killed

　　B．to kill C．killing

　　D．to be killed 19．B。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作目的狀語。由題意可以看出，他們打架的目的是為了把對(duì)方殺死，所以答案為B。

　　()20.Before the invention of aeroplanes，________ in the sky like a bird was only a dream. A．men fly

　　B．to fly C．for flying

　　D．man flew 20．B。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式作主語的用法。

　　十六、虛擬語氣 從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 ()1.Maybe if I________science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.(2011北京) A．studied

　　B．would study C．had studied

　　D．was studying 1．C。考查錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬語氣。從句中的then標(biāo)志著對(duì)過去的虛擬，因此用had studied，而不能被主句中的would be迷惑。 ()2.We________John’s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.(2011陜西) A．will put

　　B．will have put C．would put

　　D．would have put 2．D。語意：要不是他目前的傷情，我們昨天就會(huì)把約翰的名字列到比賽的名單中了。but for表示“要不是”，與含虛擬語氣的句子連用。根據(jù)yesterday可知此處表示與過去的事實(shí)相反，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知主句中應(yīng)用would＋have done，故選D。

　　()3.I________sooner but I didn’t know that they were waiting for me.(2011天津) A．had come

　　B．was coming C．would come

　　D．would have come 3．D。由句意可知，前半句要表達(dá)對(duì)過去的虛擬，因此用 would＋have done結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　()4.If Newton lived today，he ________ by what has been discovered in science and technology. A．would have been surprised

　　B．will be surprised

　　C．would be surprised

　　D．is surprised 4．C。句意：如果牛頓現(xiàn)在還活著，他一定會(huì)為科學(xué)和技術(shù)上的發(fā)現(xiàn)而感到驚奇。由此可見這是一個(gè)虛擬句。對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用would / could / might ＋動(dòng)詞原形。

　　()5.If you had come to the party last night you ________ seen the famous singer. A．had

　　B．has C．will have

　　D．would have 5．D。句意：如果昨晚你來參加晚會(huì)的話，就能看見那位著名的歌手了。真實(shí)的情況并非如此。所以這是一個(gè)虛擬句，對(duì)過去情況的虛擬。主句的謂語動(dòng)詞為would / could / might＋have done。 一、英語句子成分概述： 虛擬語氣用于表示主觀愿望或假設(shè)的虛擬情況。虛擬語氣中的說話者所講的內(nèi)容往往是與事實(shí)相反的或是其現(xiàn)實(shí)的可能性微乎其微，甚至沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性，但有時(shí)為了使說話的語氣客氣、緩和、委婉，也使用虛擬語氣。 二、英語虛擬語氣用于條件句中： 1．英語虛擬語氣用于條件狀語時(shí)，主語與從句的動(dòng)詞形式： 四、“虛擬語氣”在高考試卷中的考點(diǎn)體現(xiàn)： 高考對(duì)虛擬語氣考查直接表現(xiàn)在特定語言環(huán)境中的用法，名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣以及在閱讀文章中的理解。 中譯英：(注意使用虛擬語氣) 1．如果你早聽取了我的建議，你在英語學(xué)習(xí)上應(yīng)該也早取得進(jìn)步了。 _______________________________________ 2．要是我當(dāng)時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)你的話，我就借錢給你投資了。 _______________________________________ 1．If you had followed my advice earlier，you would have make great progress in English (learning)． 2．If I had known you，I would have lent you some money to do the investment.

　　3．如果Jason在這兒，我們可以征詢他的意見。 _______________________________________ 4．萬一發(fā)生地震，我們?cè)趺崔k？ _______________________________________ 5．如果有機(jī)會(huì)的話，我會(huì)去美國繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)語言的。 _______________________________________ 3．If Jason were here，we could ask him for advice. 4．Should there be an earthquake，what should we do? 5．If I had a chance，I would go further study of language in America. 6．奇怪的是他竟然沒告訴我們就走了。 _____________________________________ 7．要是我們邀請(qǐng)了她，她會(huì)來的。 _____________________________________ 8．如果我是你，我就會(huì)去找他的。 _____________________________________ 6．It was strange that he should leave without telling us. 7．She would have come，if we had invited her. 8．If I were you，I would go to find him. 9．我那天生病了，否則我就參加游行了。 _______________________________________ 10．沒有音樂，世界會(huì)很沉悶。 _______________________________________ 9．I was ill that day.Otherwise，I would have taken part in the parade. 10．Without music，the world would be a dull place. 十六、虛擬語氣 Directions：For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. ()1.________，I would take an umbrella with me. A．Had I been you

　　B．I were you

　　C．I had been you

　　D．Were I you 1．D。句意：如果我是你，我就會(huì)帶傘去。從后半句判斷此句為對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)砬闆r的虛擬，且用到了虛擬條件句的省略和倒裝原則。省略if，將 were 前提。

　　()2.I ________ you a more valuable present for your birthday gift.I was short of money at that time. A．would buy

　　B．had bought

　　C．bought

　　D．would have bought 2．D。后一個(gè)簡單句“I was short of money...time”為真實(shí)的情況，而前一個(gè)簡單句 “I...for your birthday gift”是與過去情況不相符的情況。謂語動(dòng)詞套用了主句虛擬與過去相反的謂語動(dòng)詞形式。

　　()3.It would be impossible for him to leave hospital tomorrow if he ________ first aid when the accident happened. A．hadn’t been given

　　B．wasn’t be given

　　C．shouldn’t be given

　　D．wouldn’t be given

　　3．A。與過去事實(shí)相反，if從句的謂語常用過去完成時(shí)。 ()4.________ the present unemployment continue, the society would face a more troublesome situation. A．Would

　　B．Should

　　C．Might

　　D．Could 4．B。該題考查虛擬語氣if條件從句的省略與倒裝的情況，可以還原為：If the present unemployment should continue...。

　　()5.If it ________ for the snow，we ________ the mountain yesterday. A．were not；could have climbed