廣東省2024屆高考英語新課標三輪總復習課件:語法講練(北師大版)第1講 主謂一致
②主謂一致遵守的“承前原則”句型中,謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞確定。此類句式有:A with B…/A along with B…/A together with B…/ A as well as B…/A including B…/A except/(but) B…謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞A確定。
4
4
③all, some, the rest of…分數/百分數等作主語,謂語動詞的單復數根據實際意義確定。all指物, 表示“一切”時,謂語用單數,指人時謂語用復數。
④集合名詞作主語強調整體,謂語用單數。強調成員,謂語用復數。如: My family were watching TV when the electricity was cut off。
4
2.確定謂語動詞的單復數形式還有以下幾種情況:
①不可數名詞作主語,謂語用單數形式。
②and連接的兩個名詞表達同一概念,謂語用單數形式。這類名詞如 knife and fork(刀叉);bread and butter(黃油面包), horse and cart(馬車)等。
③動名詞短語作主語,謂語通常用單數形式。
4 從句作主語,謂語通常用單數形式。
④當every A and every B/each A and each B/ no A and no B/ many a A and many a B作主語時,謂語用單數。
⑤Many a +單數名詞作主語,謂語用單數。
⑥More than one +單數名詞作主語,謂語用單數。
4
⑦One and a half +復數名詞作主語,謂語用單數。
⑧表語前置,主語在后,謂語單復數與主語一致。
⑨進行時中的現在分詞提前,主語在后,謂語單復數與主語一致。
第1講 主謂一致
1
什么叫主謂一致
寫出括號中動詞的適當形式
1. I __________(be) the ninth letter of the alphabet.
I
是字母表中第9個字母。
2. Both the touch-me-not and the forget-me-not __________(be) plants.
含羞草和勿忘我都是植物。 is
are
1
3. Attitude __________(decide) everything.
態度決定一切。
4. Opinions about whether to go into details about the issue__________(vary) from person to person.
關于是否深入問題的細節這個問題,觀點因人而異。 decides
vary
1
句子中謂語動詞和主語在人稱和數上的統一性叫主謂一致。
能否將主謂一致理解為“主語是復數形式則謂語用復數,主語是單數形式則謂語用單數”?
翻譯下列句子,標出句中的主語和謂語動詞
1. 書籍是人類的好朋友。 2
【答案】Books主
are謂 good friends to man
2. 一個流浪漢躺在公園的長凳上,雙手抖個不停。 2 【答案】 A_homeless_man主 was_lying_on謂 the bench in the park, with both his hands trembling.
3. 許多抽煙者把醫生的忠告當耳邊風。 【答案】 Many_a_smoker主 turns_a_deaf_ear_to謂 the doctor's advice.
4. 當時一千英鎊是一大筆錢。 2 【答案】 One_thousand_pounds主 was謂 quite a big sum of money at that time.
5. 羊主要吃草。 【答案】 Sheep主 feed謂 on grass.
2
主語是復數形式,謂語不一定用復數(如例句4);主語是單數形式謂語也不一定用單數(如例句5)。
3
觀察每組句子中謂語動詞單復數形式與主語的關系,嘗試找出其中的規律
1. (1) Birds of a feather flock together. 物以類聚。
(2) Every dog has his day. 人人皆有得意時。
2. (1) The wounded need medicine and food.
傷員們需要藥品和食物。
(2) The wounded is his cousin.
那個傷員是他的表弟。 主謂一致有什么原則? 3
3. (1) Not only Beijing but also other cities in China have taken on a new look.
不僅北京而且中國其他城市的面貌也煥然一新。
(2) Not human resources but the system counts. 不是人力資源而是制度起決定作用。
4. (1) English as well as other languages has its own rules.
同其他語言一樣,英語也有其自身特點。 3
(2) There is only one teacher and twenty-six students in this remote school.
這所偏遠的學校有一個老師和26個學生。
3
主謂一致原則有:
1. 語法一致原則。即主語為單數形式,謂語動詞用單數形式。主語為復數形式,謂語動詞用復數形式(如例句1)。
2. 意義一致原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由主語表達的實際意義決定。同樣形式的主語含義不同時,謂語單復數形式有變化(如例句2)。
3
3. 就近原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞確定(如例句3)。
4. 承前原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞確定(如例句4) 4
完成下列句子,注意謂語動詞的形式
1. The problem __________(need) further discussion and we'll discuss it next Wednesday.
2. All the employees in this joint venture______________(pay) by the job.
3. Oil __________(be) to industry what blood is to the body. 謂語動詞單復數形式怎樣確定? needs
are /were paid
is 4
4. The doctor and teacher __________(speak) good English thanks to having lived abroad for years. 5. Growing vegetables __________(need) constant watering. 6.
To be a pilot __________(be) his dream. 7. When he will be set free from the prison __________(remain) a big problem. 8.Neither the hostess nor her children__________(like) hot food, so please don't add pepper. speaks
is/was
needs
remains
like
4
9. Look! The mother cat with all her babies__________(run) after a mouse.
10. Since all __________(be) ready and all of us __________(be) here, let's begin our meeting.
11. Each book and each dictionary here_____________(publish) by BNUP last year.
12. Many a visitor __________(have) such an experience so far. are running
are
is was published
has had 4
13. More than one person__________(charge) with theft the other day.
14. One and a half buildings__________(burn) in the big fire last night.
15. His family __________(be) very large.
16. Gone __________(be) the days when teachers were looked down upon.
was charged
is
was burnt
are 4
17. Growing in the field __________(be) green crops. What a beautiful scenery!
18. There __________(be) no reply from the company in charge up to now. are
has been
3
1.謂語動詞的單復數形式一般是根據主謂一致的原則來確定:
①主謂一致遵守的“就近原則”句型中,謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞確定。此類句式有:Neither A nor B…/Either A or B… / Whether A or B… /Not only A but also B … /A or B… /Not A but B …/There be A and B。謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞B確定。 4
②主謂一致遵守的“承前原則”句型中,謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞確定。此類句式有:A with B…/A along with B…/A together with B…/ A as well as B…/A including B…/A except/(but) B…謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞A確定。
4
4
③all, some, the rest of…分數/百分數等作主語,謂語動詞的單復數根據實際意義確定。all指物, 表示“一切”時,謂語用單數,指人時謂語用復數。
④集合名詞作主語強調整體,謂語用單數。強調成員,謂語用復數。如: My family were watching TV when the electricity was cut off。
4
2.確定謂語動詞的單復數形式還有以下幾種情況:
①不可數名詞作主語,謂語用單數形式。
②and連接的兩個名詞表達同一概念,謂語用單數形式。這類名詞如 knife and fork(刀叉);bread and butter(黃油面包), horse and cart(馬車)等。
③動名詞短語作主語,謂語通常用單數形式。
4 從句作主語,謂語通常用單數形式。
④當every A and every B/each A and each B/ no A and no B/ many a A and many a B作主語時,謂語用單數。
⑤Many a +單數名詞作主語,謂語用單數。
⑥More than one +單數名詞作主語,謂語用單數。
4
⑦One and a half +復數名詞作主語,謂語用單數。
⑧表語前置,主語在后,謂語單復數與主語一致。
⑨進行時中的現在分詞提前,主語在后,謂語單復數與主語一致。
第1講 主謂一致
1
什么叫主謂一致
寫出括號中動詞的適當形式
1. I __________(be) the ninth letter of the alphabet.
I
是字母表中第9個字母。
2. Both the touch-me-not and the forget-me-not __________(be) plants.
含羞草和勿忘我都是植物。 is
are
1
3. Attitude __________(decide) everything.
態度決定一切。
4. Opinions about whether to go into details about the issue__________(vary) from person to person.
關于是否深入問題的細節這個問題,觀點因人而異。 decides
vary
1
句子中謂語動詞和主語在人稱和數上的統一性叫主謂一致。
能否將主謂一致理解為“主語是復數形式則謂語用復數,主語是單數形式則謂語用單數”?
翻譯下列句子,標出句中的主語和謂語動詞
1. 書籍是人類的好朋友。 2
【答案】Books主
are謂 good friends to man
2. 一個流浪漢躺在公園的長凳上,雙手抖個不停。 2 【答案】 A_homeless_man主 was_lying_on謂 the bench in the park, with both his hands trembling.
3. 許多抽煙者把醫生的忠告當耳邊風。 【答案】 Many_a_smoker主 turns_a_deaf_ear_to謂 the doctor's advice.
4. 當時一千英鎊是一大筆錢。 2 【答案】 One_thousand_pounds主 was謂 quite a big sum of money at that time.
5. 羊主要吃草。 【答案】 Sheep主 feed謂 on grass.
2
主語是復數形式,謂語不一定用復數(如例句4);主語是單數形式謂語也不一定用單數(如例句5)。
3
觀察每組句子中謂語動詞單復數形式與主語的關系,嘗試找出其中的規律
1. (1) Birds of a feather flock together. 物以類聚。
(2) Every dog has his day. 人人皆有得意時。
2. (1) The wounded need medicine and food.
傷員們需要藥品和食物。
(2) The wounded is his cousin.
那個傷員是他的表弟。 主謂一致有什么原則? 3
3. (1) Not only Beijing but also other cities in China have taken on a new look.
不僅北京而且中國其他城市的面貌也煥然一新。
(2) Not human resources but the system counts. 不是人力資源而是制度起決定作用。
4. (1) English as well as other languages has its own rules.
同其他語言一樣,英語也有其自身特點。 3
(2) There is only one teacher and twenty-six students in this remote school.
這所偏遠的學校有一個老師和26個學生。
3
主謂一致原則有:
1. 語法一致原則。即主語為單數形式,謂語動詞用單數形式。主語為復數形式,謂語動詞用復數形式(如例句1)。
2. 意義一致原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由主語表達的實際意義決定。同樣形式的主語含義不同時,謂語單復數形式有變化(如例句2)。
3
3. 就近原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞確定(如例句3)。
4. 承前原則。即謂語動詞的單復數形式由遠離謂語動詞的名詞確定(如例句4) 4
完成下列句子,注意謂語動詞的形式
1. The problem __________(need) further discussion and we'll discuss it next Wednesday.
2. All the employees in this joint venture______________(pay) by the job.
3. Oil __________(be) to industry what blood is to the body. 謂語動詞單復數形式怎樣確定? needs
are /were paid
is 4
4. The doctor and teacher __________(speak) good English thanks to having lived abroad for years. 5. Growing vegetables __________(need) constant watering. 6.
To be a pilot __________(be) his dream. 7. When he will be set free from the prison __________(remain) a big problem. 8.Neither the hostess nor her children__________(like) hot food, so please don't add pepper. speaks
is/was
needs
remains
like
4
9. Look! The mother cat with all her babies__________(run) after a mouse.
10. Since all __________(be) ready and all of us __________(be) here, let's begin our meeting.
11. Each book and each dictionary here_____________(publish) by BNUP last year.
12. Many a visitor __________(have) such an experience so far. are running
are
is was published
has had 4
13. More than one person__________(charge) with theft the other day.
14. One and a half buildings__________(burn) in the big fire last night.
15. His family __________(be) very large.
16. Gone __________(be) the days when teachers were looked down upon.
was charged
is
was burnt
are 4
17. Growing in the field __________(be) green crops. What a beautiful scenery!
18. There __________(be) no reply from the company in charge up to now. are
has been
3
1.謂語動詞的單復數形式一般是根據主謂一致的原則來確定:
①主謂一致遵守的“就近原則”句型中,謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞確定。此類句式有:Neither A nor B…/Either A or B… / Whether A or B… /Not only A but also B … /A or B… /Not A but B …/There be A and B。謂語動詞的單復數形式由靠近謂語動詞的名詞B確定。 4