總課時(shí)數(shù)科目 英語(yǔ) 使用時(shí)間

　　主備人

　　王

　　鋒 使用人

　　課題名稱 二輪復(fù)習(xí)—— 狀語(yǔ)從句

　　學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：狀語(yǔ)從句的各種類型，并正確使用從屬連詞

　　狀語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)法

　　在復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的從句叫狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　狀語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)它表達(dá)的意思不同可分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、比較狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、方式狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句和原因狀語(yǔ)從句等。狀語(yǔ)從句如果放在主句前通常用逗號(hào)分開。一、復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)需注意的要點(diǎn)

　　1、如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner等置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：

　　例如：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.

　　No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

　　2、Not until …在句首，主句用倒裝。

　　例如：Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.

　　直到19 世紀(jì)初，人類才知道熱能是什么。

　　Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.

　　直到我開始工作，我才認(rèn)識(shí)到了我已蹉跎了幾多歲月。

　　3、當(dāng)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生于主句動(dòng)作之前，只能用when 引導(dǎo)這個(gè)從句，不可用as 或 while。

　　例如：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.

　　4、如從句表示"隨時(shí)間推移"，連詞能用as，不用when 或while。

　　例如：As the day went on, the weather got worse.　

　　日子一天天過(guò)去，天氣越變?cè)綁摹?/p>

　　5、as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句

　　as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須把表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。

　　如句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。

　　例如：Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.

　　= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.

　　Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

　　= Though he tries hard, he never seems…

　　雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。

　　二、歷屆高考試題分析

　　例1、Generally speaking, _________ according to directions, the drug has no sid-effect.

　　A. when taking

　　B. when taken

　　C. when to take

　　D. when to be taken

　　答案為B。

　　【解析】

　　這是一個(gè)由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，原句應(yīng)為“Generally speaking ,when it is taken according…”。由于take用被動(dòng)時(shí)，主從句主語(yǔ)一致，因此從句中的it was可以被省略，簡(jiǎn)化為when taken…分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，而選A、C時(shí)則缺乏主語(yǔ)。譯文：通常地說(shuō)，當(dāng)這藥按照指導(dǎo)說(shuō)明被服用的話是沒(méi)有副作用的。

　　例2、—Dad, I've finished my assignment.

　　—Good ,and _________ you play or watch TV ,you mustn't disturb me.

　　A. whenever

　　B. whether

　　C. whatever

　　D. no matter

　　答案為B。

　　【解析】

　　no matter不能直接引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)用no matter + wh族疑問(wèn)詞方可，故排除D；盡管A、C都有“無(wú)論”的意思，但只有B項(xiàng)whether可與or連用，表示選擇，即“無(wú)論你玩還是看電視，不許打擾我”。

　　例3、The famous scientist grew up _______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.

　　A. when

　　B. whenever

　　C. where

　　D. wherever

　　答案為C。

　　【解析】

　　where引導(dǎo)的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。譯文：這位著名的科學(xué)家在他的出生地長(zhǎng)大，1930年他來(lái)到上海。因?yàn)樵趶木渲杏斜硎緯r(shí)間的介詞短語(yǔ)in 1930,所以可以排除when和whenever; wherever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)，意思是“無(wú)論在哪里”，與句意不符。

　　例4、________, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John.

　　A. As long as I have traveled

　　B. Now that I have traveled so much

　　C. Much as I have traveled

　　D. As I have traveled so much

　　答案為C。w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m

　　【解析】

　　這是一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。as在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，要把形容詞或副詞放在它的前面。如果是名詞，一般不加冠詞。如：Child as he is, he has learned two thousand new words .As long

　　as“只要……”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句；Now that“既然”引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句；As“因?yàn)椤币龑?dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。譯文：雖然我走過(guò)了那么多地方，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)像約翰這樣有能力的人。

　　例5、In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they________.

　　A. have survived

　　B. are to survive

　　C. would survive

　　D. will survive

　　答案為B。

　　【解析】

　　這是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句用了一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，一般不能使用將來(lái)時(shí)，但能和be to do的形式連用，所以應(yīng)填are to survive。譯文：在如此干旱的天氣里，如果你想要花成活，就得給它們澆水。

　　例6、The WTO cannot live up to its name _____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.

　　A．a(chǎn)s long as

　　B．while

　　C．if

　　D．even though

　　答案選C。

　　【解析】

　　從句子意思可知，是一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。as long as“只要……”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常用肯定句，所以要填if。譯文：如果WTO不包括一個(gè)占人類五分之一的國(guó)家，它就名不符實(shí)了。

　　例7、She found her calculator

　　________ she lost it.

　　A. where

　　B. when

　　C. in which

　　D. that

　　答案為A。w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m

　　【解析】

　　這是一個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“東西是在丟的地方找到的。”in which用于定語(yǔ)從句中，其前必須有先行詞。這個(gè)句子中沒(méi)有先行詞，所以不能填in which。

　　例8、—I'm going to the post office.

　　— ________you're there, can you get me some stamps?

　　A. As

　　B. While

　　C. Because

　　D. If

　　答案為B。

　　【解析】

　　while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。這句話的意思是“當(dāng)你在那兒的時(shí)候，是否能給我買一些郵票？”as雖然也可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，但其意思是“一邊……一邊……”；because引導(dǎo)的是原因狀語(yǔ)從句；if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)方已經(jīng)說(shuō)明要到郵局去，不能再作假設(shè)。

　　例9、You should make it a rule to leave things ________you can find them again.

　　A. when

　　B. where

　　C. then

　　D. there

　　答案為B。

　　【解析】

　　where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。這句話的意思是“你應(yīng)該作出一個(gè)規(guī)矩，把東西放在你能再找到它們的地方。”

　　例10、We'll have to finish the job, ________.

　　A. long it takes however

　　B. it takes however long

　　C. long however it takes

　　D. however long it takes

　　答案選D。

　　【解析】

　　however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序。

　　鞏固練習(xí)

　　Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.

　　1. It is ___ he has behaved so badly that he must be punished.

　　A. as

　　B. since

　　C. because

　　D. that

　　2. Practise as ___ as you can.

　　A. much

　　B. many

　　C. more

　　D. hardly

　　3. ___ I admit that the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.

　　A. Since

　　B. As

　　C. Even though

　　D. Because

　　4. I will let you drive ___ you have a driving licence.

　　A. unless

　　B. except

　　C. on condition that

　　D. so that

　　5. Mike acted ___ nothing had happened. w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m

　　A. as

　　B. as though

　　C. as although

　　D. just like

　　6. Roses need special care _____ they can live through winter.

　　A. because

　　B. so that

　　C. even if

　　D. as

　　7. The thief ran ____ he was out of sight in a short while.

　　A. so fast that

　　B. too fast that

　　C. fast enough that

　　D. such fast that

　　8. ___ you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.

　　A. Before

　　B. While

　　C. As

　　D. Once

　　9. Don’t go to the party until ____.

　　A. invite

　　B. invite to

　　C. invited to

　　D. to invite

　　10.The protection device can help to eliminate the possible faults ______they cause more damage.

　　A. unless

　　B. although

　　C. until

　　D. before

　　11. These two areas are similar ____ they both have a high rainfall during this season.

　　A. to that

　　B. besides that

　　C. in that

　　D. except that

　　12. ____ that he is only a beginner, it is understandable for him to make such mistakes.

　　A. Considering

　　B. Considered

　　C. Consider

　　D. To consider

　　13. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded ____other more well-informed experimenters failed.

　　A. which

　　B. that

　　C. what

　　D. where

　　14. Excuse me. If your call’s not too urgent, do you mind ____ mine first.

　　A. I make

　　B. if I make

　　C. me to make

　　D. that I make

　　15. ____ the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately. w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m

　　A. Even if

　　B. As far as

　　C. If only

　　D. So long as

　　16. Michael used to look hurt and surprised when ____ .

　　A. scolding

　　B. to scold

　　C. having scolded

　　D. scolded

　　17. I was just to go out ____ it began to rain.

　　A. as

　　B. when

　　C. after

　　D. whole

　　18. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave ____ something occurred which attracted my attention.

　　A. unless

　　B. until

　　C. when

　　D. while

　　19. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill ____ we all sat down to rest.

　　A. when

　　B. then

　　C. than

　　D. until

　　20. I have kept that portrait ____ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in London.

　　A. which

　　B. where

　　C. whether

　　D. when

　　21. Richard is ____ boy that everyone in the class likes him.

　　A. a so bright

　　B. so a bright

　　C. such bright a

　　D. so bright a

　　22. We’ll wait here ____ you get back.

　　A. soon after

　　B. until

　　C. as soon as

　　D. when

　　23. Important ____ his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.

　　A. for

　　B. to

　　C. although

　　D. as

　　24. Speak to him slowly ____ he may understand better.

　　A. in case that

　　B. so that

　　C. because that

　　D. least

　　25. The harder you study, ____ you will serve the people. w.w.w.g.k.x.x.c.o.m

　　A. the better

　　B. better

　　C. the best

　　D. the better that

　　26. Mr. Smith is _____ a good teacher _____ we all respect.

　　A. such…that

　　B. such… as

　　C. so…that

　　D. so…as

　　27. Our profits will be good _____ the dollar remains strong.

　　A. if

　　B. although

　　C. unless

　　D. as long as

　　28. _____ is mentioned above, there are more and more trade between China and America.

　　A. Which

　　B. As

　　C. That

　　D. What

　　29.he took a wrong bus , ______he was a full hour late on the first day he went to work .

　　A. On condition that

　　B. which

　　C. so that

　　D. on the ground that

　　30. Emily had failed many times; _____, she was confident she would succeed in the end.

　　A. nevertheless

　　B. although

　　C. therefore

　　D. otherwise

　　答案:

　　1CACCBB 6-10 BADCD

　　11-15 CADBA

　　16-20 CBCCB

　　21-25 DBDBA

　　26-30 BDBCA