2024屆高三英語第二輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)精講精煉 第4講 單項(xiàng)選擇——形容詞和副詞
2024屆高三英語第二輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)精講精煉
單項(xiàng)選擇——形容詞和副詞
形容詞、副詞的位置以及易混淆的形容詞、副詞的用法．形容詞、副詞的比較級結(jié)構(gòu)；形容詞、副詞前面使用冠詞的情況以及倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方法在比較狀語從句中，所比較的人或事物之間的合理邏輯關(guān)系比較級的省略以及插入問題復(fù)合形容詞的用法形容詞的辨析
(延邊F)經(jīng)典易錯題會診
(延邊F)命題角度1
(延邊F)形容詞、副詞的位置以及易混淆的形容詞、副詞的用法
1. (延邊F) (典型例題精選reen products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally
A. friendly
B. various
C. common
D. changeable
(延邊F) [考場錯解]
D
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
由于不能正確理解句意becoming，易和 changeable聯(lián)系起來，所以造成錯選D項(xiàng)。friendly友好的；various不同的，各式各樣的；common普通的，常見的； changeable易變的。本句表達(dá)：因?yàn)榫G色產(chǎn)品對環(huán)境友好，所以越來越受歡迎。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]
A
2. (延邊F) (典型例題精選)—How is everything going on with you in
Europe?
—Quite well. Not so smoothly as I hoped,
A. though
B. instead
C. either
D. too
(延邊F) [考場錯解]
B
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
本題考查在具體語境中易混淆副詞的含義和用法。根據(jù)句意“非常好。不過，沒有期望的那樣順利?！边@里though用作副詞，意為“然而，不過”。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]
A
3. (延邊F) ( 典型例題精選 ) The
house smells as if it hash' t been lived in for years.
A. little white wooden
B. little wooden white
C. white wooden little
D. wooden white little
[考場錯解]
B
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
此題考查形容詞排列順序問題。由于受漢語的影響易錯選B。關(guān)于多個形容詞的排列參看下面的“專家會診”。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]A
4. (延邊F) (典型例題精選—Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
—Yes. I' ve never been to
one before.
A. a more excited
B. the most excited
C. a more exciting
D. the most exciting
(延邊F) [考場錯解]
D
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
本題考查形容詞或副詞比較級作定語的用法，同時亦考查否定詞與比較級連用的意義和用法。比較級與否定詞連用表示最高級。根據(jù)題意C正確。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]
C
5. (延邊F) (典型例題精選 Although she did not know Boston well, she
made her way
to the Home Cirele Building.
A. easy enough
B. enough easy
C. easily enough
D. enough easily
(延邊F) [考場錯解]
D
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
本句考查enough修飾副詞的用法。副詞enough修飾形容詞或副詞時一般放在其后面。故C項(xiàng)正確。錯選D是受了漢語思維的影響。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]
C
6. (延邊F) (典型例題精選) It is
any wonder that his friend doesn' t like watching television much.
A. no
B. such
C. nearly
D. hardly
(延邊F) [考場錯解]
A
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
此題考查no wonder一詞用法。譯為“難怪”，既然中間插入any，我們知道no=not any，因此，填空處需要一個not即可，而hardly=almost not，故D正確。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]
D
(延邊F)專家會診
1 (延邊F)英語中某些副詞短語的意義和用法很重要。
這類短語常見的還有：
not a little, not a bit, not more
than, no more than, too much, much too, by far, more than,more than, no less than, not less than 等, 在平常練習(xí)中要加以注意。
2．(延邊F)意義相近的形容詞和副詞的用法要加以注
意: hard, hardly ; deep, deeply ; high, highly ; dead, deadly; most, mostly; fair, fairly; quite, fair]y, rather; ahnost, nearly; such 等。
3．(延邊F)多個形容詞同時修飾一個名詞時，多用下列順序：性質(zhì)+大小+形狀+新舊+顏色，有時也要看與名詞的密切關(guān)系，越密切越靠近名詞。多個詞同時作前置定語時的一般排列規(guī)律是：代詞性定語+冠9-V指示/物主/所有格+數(shù)詞(先序后基)+形容詞+國籍/材f4/用途形容詞或名詞或動名詞+被修飾的名詞。如：a charming small round old brownFrench oak writing table.
(延邊F)考場思維訓(xùn)練
1 (延邊F) Excuse me, but can I borrow your
pencil-box?
A. blue cheap plastic
B. cheap blue plastic
C. plastic blue cheap
D. plastic cheap blue
1．B解析：最近的是材料，最遠(yuǎn)的是一般性描繪形容詞cheap。
2 (延邊F) Mr. Evans is
wise than smart. Few people can solve such a problem.
A. no less
B. no more
C. less
D. more
2．D解析：more…than…與其說……不如說……。
3(延邊F) They found there was
to weigh such an elephant.
A. big enough nothing
B. nothing enough big
C. enough nothing big
D. nothing big enough
3．D解析：修飾不定代詞時，形容詞要后置，cnough修飾形容詞或副詞時，也要后置。
(延邊F)命題角度2
(延邊F)形容詞、副詞的比較級結(jié)構(gòu)；形容詞、副詞前面使用冠詞的情況以及倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方法
1. (延邊F) (典型例題精選 ) David has won the first prize in singing ; he is still very excited now and feels
desire to go to
bed.
A. the most
B. more
C. worse
D. the least
(延邊F) [考場錯解]A或c
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
解答本題首先要理解語境。David剛剛獲獎，還很興奮，那么睡覺的欲望當(dāng)然是很少了。the least表示“最少的”的意思。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]
D
2. (延邊F) (典型例題精選)John is the tallest boy in the class,
__ according to himself.
A. five foot eight as tall as
B. as tall as five foot eight
C. as five foot eight tall as
D. as tall five foot eight as
(延邊F) [考場錯解]
A
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
名詞foot在口語中和用作定語時復(fù)數(shù)形式可以是foot或feet。在“as．．．a(chǎn)S”結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一個as是副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度，后一個as引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]
B
3. (延邊F) ( 典型例題精選 ) Jenny has a good appetite recently.
She kept weighing herself to see how much
she was getting.
A. heavier
B. heavy
C. the heavier
D. the heaviest
(延邊F) [考場錯解]
B
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
本題最容易出錯的地方是考生難以理解句意中暗含的比較，常常誤選B。因此，讀懂題干是關(guān)鍵。Jenny所做的目的是“看看(比以前)重了多少”。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]
A
4. (延邊F) ( 典型例題精選 ) I think whoever makes
contributions to the company than others should get
income.
A. greater; the higher
B. more greater; a higher
C. greater; the highest
D. more greater; the highest
(延邊F) [考場錯解]B或D
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
在解答本題時，如果沒有把握好第一空和第二空的比較關(guān)系，那么就會導(dǎo)致錯選D或B。比其“他人的收入都要高”，所以是最高級了。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥] C
5. (延邊F) (典型例題精選f the two sisters, Betty is
one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.
A. a younger
B. a youngest
C. the younger
D. the youngest
(延邊F) [考場錯解]
A
(延邊F) [專家把脈]
本題考查形容詞的比較級用法。比較的范圍已經(jīng)給出of the two sisters，故排除B和D表示兩個中較……的一個，應(yīng)是特指，應(yīng)該用定冠詞the，所以A不對。
(延邊F) [對癥下藥]
C
專家會診
1．(延邊F)形容詞和副詞比較級和最高級前的冠詞用法：形容詞最高級前須加the，副詞最高級前可用可不用。做表語的形容詞前如果沒有比較范圍和比較對象也可省去the，比較級在特指意義時須加the，泛指時可數(shù)單數(shù)須加a/an．most+原級形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中，前面用不定冠詞a，arI或無冠詞時，并非是最高級意思，most意思為"very(非常)”。
2．(延邊F)形容詞比較級的倍數(shù)表達(dá)方式：比較級修飾詞+as+adj．/adv．+as和比較級修飾詞+as+ many/much+n．+眠在“在"as…as”結(jié)構(gòu)中，第一個 as是副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度。當(dāng)某些副詞如so，as，too，how等用來修飾名詞前的形容詞時，不定冠詞放在該形容詞之后，名詞之前。后一個 as引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。表示倍數(shù)的三個句型是：
(1)…times as+形容詞原級+as…如：
This table is three times as bis as that one．
(2)…times the+性質(zhì)名詞+以．．如：
This table is three times the size of that one．
(3)…times+形容詞比較級+than…，如：
This table is thtee timcx$bigger than that one．
3．(延邊F)比較級前可以用even，stm，a bit/little， mach，a lot，far，by far，no，not，any等修飾，表示程度。最高級前可以有序數(shù)詞，by far，nearly， almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like等來修飾。如：
一Is your father any better?你父親好一點(diǎn)了嗎?
一Yes，mileh better．是的，好多了o
I’d like to buy the second most expensive lap- top．
4．(延邊F)形容詞副詞比較的對象應(yīng)該相同但不能相互包容。常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)形式：
比較級+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞：比較級+than+all(the)other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞：比較級+than+any one else：比較級+than+any
of the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如：
China is larger than any other country in Asia / all the other countries in Asia.
The weather here is colder than that of Huang- gang.
The computers made in our factory are better than those in your factory.
(延邊F)考場思維訓(xùn)練
1
(延邊F)You'd better go and buy some tomatoes for the dinner
party, for you see, there are
tomatoes left in the basket than I imagined.
A. far more
B. far fewer
C. many more
D. many fewer
1．B解析：far修飾比較級。
2 (延邊F)— Are you satisfied with his work?
— Well, I' m afraid it couldn' t be
.
A. any better
B. the best
C. any worse
D. the worst
2．D解析：否定詞和比較級連用相當(dāng)于最高級。
(延邊F)探究開放題解答
(延邊F)綜合問題l
(延邊F)在比較狀語從句中。所比較的人或事物之間的合理邏輯關(guān)系
1. (延邊F)Shanghai has a larger population
in China.
A. than any city
B. than any cities
C. than any other city
D. than all other city
(延邊F) [解答] C
注意比較的范圍是in china而Shanghai是中國的城市之一，故用any other。
(延邊F)規(guī)律總結(jié)
對三個或三個以上的人或事進(jìn)行比較，也可用“比較級+the+any other”的結(jié)構(gòu)。在類似這樣的比較中，要避免不合邏輯的比較。
(延邊F)綜合問題2
(延邊F)比較級的省略以及插入問題。
1. (延邊F)Her health is
A. as poor as, if not poorer than, her sister' s
B. as poor as, if not poorer than, her sister
C. poor as her sister, if not poorer
D. as poor, if not poorer than, her sister' s
(延邊F) [解答]
A
(延邊F) [解題思路]
在第一個比較未完成以前，不應(yīng)該插入另一個比較。同時選項(xiàng)B中her health不能和her sister相比。選項(xiàng) C在形容詞前缺少as，否則也是正確的。再如：The cell-phone in the other shop will be cheaper，but not as good．(后面省略了as the ones in this shop．)
(延邊F)規(guī)律總結(jié)
對付此類省略的試題，最好的做法是將原句補(bǔ)充完整，答案便會一目了然。
(延邊F)綜合問題3
(延邊F)復(fù)合形容詞的用法
1．(延邊F)Many students signed up for tlle
race meeting to be held next week．-
A．800 meter-long
B．800-meters-long-
C．800 meter-length
D．800-meter-length
(延邊F) [解答]
A
(延邊F)規(guī)律總結(jié)
復(fù)合形容詞具備一般形容詞的性質(zhì)。根據(jù)形容詞的構(gòu)成，形容詞可以分為單詞形容詞和復(fù)合形容詞，如good和looking組成good-lookn，well和known組成well-known，以及數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞+形容詞構(gòu)成，如five-year-otd，在句中可以用作定語或表語。
(延邊F)綜合問題4
(延邊F)形容詞的辨新
1. (延邊F) —Why didn' t you buy the camera you had longed for?
—I had planned to, but I was￡50
A. fewer
B. less
C. cheap
D. short
(延邊F) [解答]
D本題考查形容詞在具體語境中的辨別使用。其語義為“我還缺50英鎊”。而如果用fewer或 less，在本句中或上下文中都缺少比較成分，故不成立。 che印的主語應(yīng)該是物而不應(yīng)該是價格，因此空格處用 short作后置定語，意為“不足的，缺少的”。
(延邊F)規(guī)律總結(jié)
理清各成分之間的邏輯關(guān)系，把握語境意義是做好此類題的關(guān)鍵。
