2024屆高考英語沖刺寫作必考話題：2-6 unit6 design

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　　①If you're addicted to computer games, you'll ruin yourself.玩電腦游戲成癮，你會毀了你自己。 ②Many factories________________after the European debt crisis.歐債危機之后有許多工廠敗落了。答案　②fell in ruin mercy n．慈悲，憐憫，同情心

　　(教材原句)He had no mercy so we had to leave fast.

　　他沒有同情心，所以我們不得不趕緊離開。

　　at the mercy of

　　任憑……的擺布，

　　完全受……的支配

　　have mercy on/ upon 對……有憐憫心

　　show mercy to sb

　　對某人表示寬容

　　with/without mercy 仁慈地/殘忍地 ①Francis thought it was not proper for a basketball player to show mercy to his competitors.

　　弗朗西斯認為籃球隊員同情其對手是不合適的。 ②On the contrary, the crisis struck China without mercy and did harm to its still developing economy.

　　相反，危機無情地打擊了中國，對其正在發展中的經濟造成了危害。 ③They were lost at sea，_________________________wind and weather.

　　他們在海上迷失了方向，任憑風和天氣的擺布。

　　答案　③at the mercy of conclusion

　　n．結論；結束

　　(教材原句)conclusion—why you want to live there.

　　結論——為什么你要住在那里。

　　(1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion 得出結論

　　make a conclusion

　　下結論

　　bring...to a conclusion 使……結束

　　in conclusion(＝to conclude)最后(一句話)

　　(2)conclude v．

　　推斷出；推論出；結束 ① We came to the conclusion that he was against our plan.我們得出結論他反對我們的計劃。 ②________________， I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.

　　最后，我想說我今天過得很開心。答案　②In conclusion date back (to)追溯(到)

　　(教材原句)Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!

　　在南北朝時期的墓中就已經發現了動物剪紙！

　　(1)date from (＝date back to) 追溯到，始于

　　(2)to date

　　迄今，到現在為止

　　up to date

　　最新式的，現代的

　　out of date

　　過時的；過期的 ①The news you told me was out of date but you thought it was up to date.

　　你告訴我的資訊是過時的，但你認為是最新的。 ②I became a member of the company _______1925. (2024·北京卷完形填空)

　　我成為那個公司的一員，這家公司可以追溯到1925年。答案　②dating back to relate to 把……與……聯系起來；理解；涉及

　　(教材原句)People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.死者親屬會在特殊的日子和節日里剪這些祭祀用的剪紙。

　　relate sth to sb

　　敘述(經歷、事實等)；講述(故事)

　　relate...to/with...

　　把……與……聯系起來

　　be related to

　　與……有關 ①The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.

　　報告想把犯罪增多與失業增加聯系起來。 ②The death of this man was related to the food which went bad.這個人的死與變質的食物有關。 ③Each day, he'd send out an e-mail praising a team member for work ________________global marketing. (2024·江蘇卷任務型閱讀)

　　每天他都會發出一封電子郵件來表揚一個隊員所做的與全球市場有關的工作。答案　③related to try out 試用，試驗

　　(教材原句)I was also ready to try out paper-cutting for myself.我也準備自己嘗試剪紙。

　　try out for

　　參加……選拔

　　try for

　　試圖獲得或贏得某物

　　try one's best to do sth 竭盡所能做某事 ①Alison's trying for a job as a research assistant.

　　阿莉森正在爭取一份研究助理的工作。 ②We should try our best to attend on our parents, and make them happy in their later years.我們應當盡力照顧好我們的父母并使他們晚年幸福。 ③It began when a teacher suggested I ________________the basketball team. (2011·北京卷完形填空)

　　這件事始于當一位老師建議我參加籃球隊員的選拔的時候。答案　③try out for

　　[句式詮釋] (教材原句)Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.齊白石的繪畫作品常給觀賞者留出運用想象力解讀其內涵的余地。

　　在leave the audience guessing中，leave之后接復合賓語(賓語＋賓語補足語)，guessing是現在分詞作賓語補足語。此結構常稱為“leave的復合結構”。此結構含有“聽任在某處、使保持某一狀態”之意。 ①He got off the bus hurriedly, leaving his umbrella on the bus.他匆匆忙忙地下了公交車，將雨傘落在了車上。 ②The bad weather left the project half finished.

　　糟糕的天氣使工程只完成了一半。 ③Jack's humour in his speech left the audience___________.

　　杰克在演說中的風趣幽默讓聽眾一直大笑不止。 ④They killed the bison，cut off the skins and left the bodies ________.

　　他們把野牛殺死，剝了皮，丟下尸體任其腐爛。答案　③laughing all the time　④to rot (教材原句)To emphasise the woman even more, Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.為了進一步突出這位女子，陳逸飛在她的扇子和衣服的布料上加入了很多細節，并選擇黑色作為女子的背景顏色。

　　to emphasise the woman even more為動詞不定式作目的狀語，修飾謂語adds。動詞不定式作狀語時常用來表示謂語動詞的目的。

　　(1)在動詞不定式前加上in order (to), so as (to)等用以表示目的，其區別在于in order to可以位于句首或句中，so as to不能置于句首。 ①In order to keep warm, we shut all the windows.

　　為了保暖，我們把所有窗戶都關上了。 ②I hurried through my work ________________ be in time for the wonderful TV programmes.我匆匆忙忙地忙完這項工作以便能夠趕上精彩的電視節目。 (2)動詞不定式還可以作結果狀語，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的結果。常與only, just等詞連用，表示結果。 ③Mr.Green and his wife hurried to the station__________that the train had left.

　　格林先生和他的妻子匆忙趕到車站，結果卻被告知火車已開走了。答案　②so as to/in order to/to　③only to be told 考點歸納拓展基礎知識通關 [寫作必備] 基礎詞匯 1．home-made adj. 家庭制作的，自制的 2．material n.

　　物質 3．credit n.

　　信用卡 4．e-mail n.

　　電子郵件 5．complaint n.

　　抱怨 ·必考話題6　購物 6．recreation n.

　　消遣 7．exchange v.

　　交換 8．as for

　　至于，對于 9．instead of

　　而不是 10．shop online

　　網上購物提分句型 1．With the help of the computer，it will be possible for humans to work at home.

　　在電腦的幫助下，人們在家辦公是件可行的事。 2．Personally，I don't like shopping online because we may be cheated online.

　　就我個人而言，我不喜歡網上購物，因為有可能受騙。 3．One annoying aspect of your service is your unfriendly attitude toward customers.你們的服務項目中一個令人不滿的地方是對待顧客的態度不友好。 4．Pleased with your service for years，now I feel very disappointed.雖然多年來我一直很滿意你們的服務，但現在我非常失望。 5．We are now living in an information age，in which web is widely used.我們現在生活在信息時代，在這個時代網絡被廣泛的使用。

　　[美文賞析] 素材示例　(2024·新課標卷Ⅱ)假定你是李華，自制了一些中國結(Chinese knot)。給開網店的美國朋友Tom寫封信，請他代賣，要點包括：

　　(1)外觀(尺寸、顏色、材料)；(2)象征意義；(3)價格。

　　注意：(1)詞數100左右；(2)可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫；(3)開頭語已為你寫好。 Dear Tom，

　　How are you doing__________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Li Hua Dear Tom，

　　How are you doing these days？I'm writing to ask if you can help me sell some home-made Chinese knots.I made them during my spare time with red silk threads and other materials，which stand for good luck and a happy life.

　　They are about eight inches both in length and width and have a beautiful diamond shape，making it convenient for people to take①.

　　佳作播報

　　People will present Chinese knots to friends.What's more②，people use them to decorate their houses and

　　make their houses full of good luck③.As for its price，which we all can afford，they are about 5 dollars each. I'm ready to answer any questions you might have with the knots.

　　Thank you! Li Hua 1．...making it convenient for people to take.是現在分詞短語作結果狀語。

　　[模擬]　The car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.

　　這輛車遇到了交通堵塞，結果晚點了。 2．What's more而且，在句中作狀語。

　　[模擬]　He enjoyed the meal and what's more he ate it up.他喜歡那頓飯，而且把它全吃光了。 3．...make their houses full of good luck.此句使用了：make＋賓語＋賓語補足語的結構。

　　[模擬]　The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.大雨讓我們無法出去。

　　Ⅰ.核心單詞 1．________(vt.)毀壞，毀滅→________(pl.)廢墟 2．________(adj.)典型的→________(adv.)典型地 3．________(n.)想像；想像力→________(vt.)想像→________adj.富有想像力的 4．________(n.)痛苦；疼，痛→________(adj.)痛苦的，疼痛的→________adv.痛苦地 5．________(n.)展覽會→________(vt.)展覽，顯示 6．________(n.)詩(總稱)→________(n.)詩→________(n.)詩人 7．________(adj.)貴重的，有價值的→________(n.&vt.)價值；評價 8．________(adv.)優雅地→________(adj.)優雅的，高雅的 9．________(n.)細節，詳情→________(adj.) 詳細的 10．________(adj.)宗教的，虔誠的→________(n.)宗教；宗教信仰 11．________(n.)(書寫或印刷的)字，字體→________(adj.)典型的，特有的 12．________(vt.)把……與……聯系起來→________(adj.)有聯系的；相關的→________(n.)關系；聯系 13．________(n.)慈悲，憐憫，同情心→________(adj.)仁慈的；寬容的 14．________(vi.)洗澡；沐浴→________(n.)洗澡；沐浴 15．________(adj.)狹窄的→________(adv.)狹窄地 16．________(n.)結論；結束→________(vt.)結束；推斷答案　1.ruin；ruins　2.typical；typically　3.imagination；imagine；imaginative　4.pain；painful；painfully　5.exhibition；exhibit　6.poetry；poem；poet　7.valuable；value 8．elegantly；elegant　9.detail；detailed　10.religious；religion　11.character；characteristic　12.relate；related；relation　13.mercy；merciful　14.bathe；bath　15.narrow；narrowly　16.conclusion；conclude The artist often emphasises the value of imagination.At an exhibition，I see some abstract works.It's said that their typical features are designed on purpose.I can't understand the details and even the characters on them. ——詞不離句，句不離段 Ⅱ.重點短語 1．注視，凝視 ________________ 2．有幾分地

　　________________ 3．追溯(到)

　　________________ 4．高速

　　________________ 5．把……與……聯系起來

　　________________ 6．試用，試驗

　　________________ 7．屏住呼吸

　　________________ 8．be deep/lost in thought

　　________________ 9．add...to

　　________________ 10．so far

　　________________ 11．cross out

　　________________ 12．in the shape of

　　________________ 13．be used for

　　________________ 14．be used as

　　________________ 15．put on

　　________________ 答案　1.fix one's eyes on　2.sort of　3.date back (to) 4．at high speed　5.relate to　6.try out　7.hold one's breath　8.陷入沉思　9.增添，增加　10.到目前為止　11.畫掉，刪掉　12.以……的形狀　13.做……用 14．把……用作　15.上演；穿上 ①I became a member of the company dating back to 1925. ②Bill was sitting in class, but he fixed his eyes on the flowers outside. ③The boy lay under the bed, holding his breath in case his enemies in the game found him. ④We shall discuss the problem as it relates to our interests. ⑤Mr Black likes trying out his new ideas to invent some useful tools. ——小試身手，聚焦短語 Ⅲ.經典句式 1．Qi Baishi's style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use their imagination.

　　齊白石的繪畫風格常常給觀賞者留出運用想像力解讀某內涵的余地。

　　[解讀]leave＋賓語＋doing...讓某人/某物處于某種狀態

　　[模擬]The tsunami after the earthquake in Japan__________ (讓那座城市成為一片廢墟)。 2．To emphasise the woman even more, Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.

　　為了進一步突出這位女子，陳逸飛在她的扇子和衣服的布料上加入了很多細節，并選擇黑色作為女子的背景顏色。

　　[解讀]不定式作目的狀語

　　[模擬]________________(為了及時趕上) The Voice of China I hurried back home without finishing the work. 3．But the house on Mango Street is not the way they described it at all.

　　但是芒果街上的房子根本不是他們所描述的那樣。

　　[解讀]the way＋定語從句

　　[模擬]I like the ________________________(我們英語老師上課的方式)．答案　1.left the city lying in ruins　2.To be in time for 3．way (in which/that) our English teacher gives his lessons Ⅳ.必背句法——介詞和定語從句(Ⅰ) 用適當的介詞或關系詞填空 1．He invited me to a dance after the show ________ Christmas Eve. 2．Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read ________ the library. 3．That's the new machine ________ parts are too small to be seen. 4.Those ________ want to go to the computer room write your name here. 5．I refuse to accept the blame for something ________ was someone else's fault. 答案　1.on　2.from　3.whose　4.who　5.that ①Her pronunciation is________________perfect.

　　她的發音遠不是完美的。 ②The water in the river rose________________.

　　河水上漲了兩米。 ③The girls________________are always complaining about the pay.他雇用的女孩子們老是抱怨工資低。 ④Do you know the boy________________？

　　你認識他媽媽是位老師的那個男孩嗎？答案　①far from　②by two metres　③(who/that/whom) he employs　④whose mother is a teacher ——條分縷析，步步為營

　　[詞匯精解] pain n．痛苦，疼，痛；勞苦，努力(常用復數)

　　(教材原句)They show violence and pain.

　　它們體現了暴力與痛苦。

　　(1)(be) in pain

　　疼痛，在苦惱中

　　have a pain in the leg/back etc.腿/背等疼

　　(2)spare no pains (to do sth) 不遺余力，全力以赴(做某事)

　　take pains (to do sth)

　　盡力，費事，下功夫(做某事) ①He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.(2024·廣東卷，A)

　　通過想象自己擁有超能力的方式讓自己戰勝了好幾次手術及苦難。 ②Kobe has a pain in the back, which makes him painful.卡比背疼，這讓他很痛苦。 ③If you want to make great progress in your English, you should________________.如果你想在英語方面取得大進步，你就得全力以赴。答案　③spare no pains typical adj.典型的，有代表性的

　　(教材原句)The painting, named Poppy，is a typical example of Chen's style.

　　這幅名為《罌粟》的畫是陳逸飛藝術風格的典型代表。

　　(1)be typical of

　　典型的，表現為……的特征

　　It is typical of sb to do... 某人一向做……

　　(2)typically adv.

　　典型地；具有代表性地 ①This poem________________the Romantic period.

　　這首詩具有浪漫主義時期的特點。 ②________________to be merciless.

　　他一向冷酷無情。答案　①is typical of　②It was typical of him ruin vt.毀壞，毀滅；使破產

　　n．毀滅，毀壞；廢墟，遺址(常用復數)

　　(教材原句)The castle was in ruins for 200 years until it was rebuilt in 1932.

　　這座城堡被毀壞了200年直到1932年重新建造。