英語(yǔ)短文：私營(yíng)軍事公司的興起 1
The Rise of the Private-Sector Military
私營(yíng)軍事公司的興起
In era of shrinking armed forces, America turns to private firms to carry out foreign military aid.
在武裝部隊(duì)縮減的時(shí)代，美國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)而求助私營(yíng)公司履行軍事援外工作。
[1]Washington--faced with more overseas commitments and fewer resources, the US is increasingly relying on private military companies to do some of its most difficult international jobs.
[2] These aren't the mercenaries who parachute into hot spots, guns blazing, for cold cash. But they're controversial nonetheless.
[3] Over the past 10 years, private military companies, or PMCs, have quietly taken a central role in the exporting of security, strategy, and training for foreign militaries.
[4] In the process, PMCs are raising questions about the privatization of foreign policy, and whether a profit-seeking company can be accountable with limited government oversight. Oftentimes the companies are training armies in turbulent areas. And, once granted an export license, they are minimally supervised.
[5] "The worry tends to have less to do with the people involved than it has to do with the policy in place," says Deborah Avant, a George Washington University expert who is writing a book on PMCs. "It's a tool for foreign policy in a less public way--and that is not a good thing in the long term."
[1]華盛頓--面對(duì)日益增多的海外義務(wù)和逐漸減少的資源，美國(guó)正越來(lái)越多地依靠私營(yíng)軍事公司來(lái)完成某些最困難的國(guó)際任務(wù)。
[2]這些公司不是那種外國(guó)雇傭軍，為了冰冷的金錢而空降到熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)，槍口噴射著火焰。但是，他們?nèi)匀灰鹆巳藗兊臓?zhēng)議。
[3]在過(guò)去的10年里，私營(yíng)軍事公司(簡(jiǎn)稱PMC)在輸出安全、戰(zhàn)略及訓(xùn)練外軍等工作中悄悄地扮演著主要角色。
[4]與此同時(shí)，私營(yíng)軍事公司也引出了一些有關(guān)對(duì)外政策私營(yíng)化的問(wèn)題，以及一個(gè)營(yíng)利的公司在政府監(jiān)督有限的情況下做事是否會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)任的問(wèn)題。這類公司經(jīng)常是到動(dòng)亂地區(qū)訓(xùn)練部隊(duì)。而一旦獲得出口許可，他們就很少受到監(jiān)督了。
[5]德博拉·阿旺是喬治·華盛頓大學(xué)的一位專家，正在寫(xiě)一本有關(guān)私營(yíng)軍事公司的書(shū)。他說(shuō)：“這種擔(dān)憂與其說(shuō)是與參與此類活動(dòng)的人有關(guān)，倒不如說(shuō)更與此項(xiàng)政策是否合適有關(guān)。這是對(duì)外政策中一種不大公開(kāi)的手段--長(zhǎng)此以往不是件好事。”
The Rise of the Private-Sector Military
私營(yíng)軍事公司的興起
In era of shrinking armed forces, America turns to private firms to carry out foreign military aid.
在武裝部隊(duì)縮減的時(shí)代，美國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)而求助私營(yíng)公司履行軍事援外工作。
[1]Washington--faced with more overseas commitments and fewer resources, the US is increasingly relying on private military companies to do some of its most difficult international jobs.
[2] These aren't the mercenaries who parachute into hot spots, guns blazing, for cold cash. But they're controversial nonetheless.
[3] Over the past 10 years, private military companies, or PMCs, have quietly taken a central role in the exporting of security, strategy, and training for foreign militaries.
[4] In the process, PMCs are raising questions about the privatization of foreign policy, and whether a profit-seeking company can be accountable with limited government oversight. Oftentimes the companies are training armies in turbulent areas. And, once granted an export license, they are minimally supervised.
[5] "The worry tends to have less to do with the people involved than it has to do with the policy in place," says Deborah Avant, a George Washington University expert who is writing a book on PMCs. "It's a tool for foreign policy in a less public way--and that is not a good thing in the long term."
[1]華盛頓--面對(duì)日益增多的海外義務(wù)和逐漸減少的資源，美國(guó)正越來(lái)越多地依靠私營(yíng)軍事公司來(lái)完成某些最困難的國(guó)際任務(wù)。
[2]這些公司不是那種外國(guó)雇傭軍，為了冰冷的金錢而空降到熱點(diǎn)地區(qū)，槍口噴射著火焰。但是，他們?nèi)匀灰鹆巳藗兊臓?zhēng)議。
[3]在過(guò)去的10年里，私營(yíng)軍事公司(簡(jiǎn)稱PMC)在輸出安全、戰(zhàn)略及訓(xùn)練外軍等工作中悄悄地扮演著主要角色。
[4]與此同時(shí)，私營(yíng)軍事公司也引出了一些有關(guān)對(duì)外政策私營(yíng)化的問(wèn)題，以及一個(gè)營(yíng)利的公司在政府監(jiān)督有限的情況下做事是否會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)任的問(wèn)題。這類公司經(jīng)常是到動(dòng)亂地區(qū)訓(xùn)練部隊(duì)。而一旦獲得出口許可，他們就很少受到監(jiān)督了。
[5]德博拉·阿旺是喬治·華盛頓大學(xué)的一位專家，正在寫(xiě)一本有關(guān)私營(yíng)軍事公司的書(shū)。他說(shuō)：“這種擔(dān)憂與其說(shuō)是與參與此類活動(dòng)的人有關(guān)，倒不如說(shuō)更與此項(xiàng)政策是否合適有關(guān)。這是對(duì)外政策中一種不大公開(kāi)的手段--長(zhǎng)此以往不是件好事。”
