專八漢譯英熱身練習場--五
原文：
比文明這個詞還用得更不確切、更加無拘無束的詞簡直寥寥無幾。文明是什么意思?它意指一個建立在平民百姓輿論基礎上的社會。 它意味著暴力、武士和暴君的統(tǒng)治、戰(zhàn)爭沖突、暴動暴政為立法議會所取代，被法律得以長期維護的獨立法庭所代替。這就是文明，在文明的土壤里，自由、舒適和文化不斷發(fā)展壯大。如果文明在任何一個國家里占了支配地位，那么便可給人民群眾提供一種更加寬松的較為平靜的生活，過去的傳統(tǒng)則受人珍重，英明偉人或勇士們留給我們的遺產則成為咱們大家共同享用的豐富的財產。
參考譯文：
There are few words which are used more loosely than the word civilization. What does it mean? It means a society based upon the opinion of civilians. It means that violence， the rule of warriors and despotic chiefs， the conditions of camps and warfare， of riot and tyranny， give place to parliaments where laws are made， and independent courts of justice in which over long periods those laws are maintained. That is Civilization ---and in its soil grow continually freedom， comfort and culture. When Civilization reigns in any country， a wider and less harassed life is afforded to the masses of the people， the traditions of the past are cherished， and the inheritance bequeathed to us by former wise or valiant men becomes a rich estate to be enjoyed and used by all.
原文：
比文明這個詞還用得更不確切、更加無拘無束的詞簡直寥寥無幾。文明是什么意思?它意指一個建立在平民百姓輿論基礎上的社會。 它意味著暴力、武士和暴君的統(tǒng)治、戰(zhàn)爭沖突、暴動暴政為立法議會所取代，被法律得以長期維護的獨立法庭所代替。這就是文明，在文明的土壤里，自由、舒適和文化不斷發(fā)展壯大。如果文明在任何一個國家里占了支配地位，那么便可給人民群眾提供一種更加寬松的較為平靜的生活，過去的傳統(tǒng)則受人珍重，英明偉人或勇士們留給我們的遺產則成為咱們大家共同享用的豐富的財產。
參考譯文：
There are few words which are used more loosely than the word civilization. What does it mean? It means a society based upon the opinion of civilians. It means that violence， the rule of warriors and despotic chiefs， the conditions of camps and warfare， of riot and tyranny， give place to parliaments where laws are made， and independent courts of justice in which over long periods those laws are maintained. That is Civilization ---and in its soil grow continually freedom， comfort and culture. When Civilization reigns in any country， a wider and less harassed life is afforded to the masses of the people， the traditions of the past are cherished， and the inheritance bequeathed to us by former wise or valiant men becomes a rich estate to be enjoyed and used by all.
